{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:52:44Z","timestamp":1790610764986,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n The theoretical advantages of augmented reality (AR) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)\u2013based high-definition fiber tractography (HDFT) and sodium fluorescein (F) in high-grade glioma (HGG) surgery have not been investigated in detail. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy profiles of HDFT-F microscope-based AR cytoreductive surgery for newly diagnosed supratentorial HGGs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n Data of patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial HGGs who underwent surgery using the AR HDFT-F technique were reviewed and compared with those of a cohort of patients who underwent conventional white-light surgery assisted by infrared neuronavigation. The safety and efficacy of the techniques were reported based on the postoperative Neurological Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO) scores, extent of resection (EOR), and Kaplan-Meier curves, respectively. The chi-square test was conducted for categorical variables. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n A total of 54 patients underwent surgery using the AR HDFT-F technique, and 63 underwent conventional white-light surgery assisted by infrared neuronavigation. The mean postoperative NANO scores were 3.8 \u00b1 2 and 5.2 \u00b1 4 in the AR HDFT-F group and control group, respectively (p < 0.05). The EOR was higher in the AR HDFT-F group (p < 0.05) than in the control group. With a mean follow-up of 12.2 months, the rate of progression-free survival (PFS) was longer in the study group (log-rank test, p = 0.006) than in the control group. Moreover, the complication rates were 9.2% and 9.5% in the study and control groups, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n Overall, AR HDFT-F\u2013assisted surgery is safe and effective in maximizing the EOR and PFS rate for patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial HGGs, and in optimizing patient functional outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.5.focus21185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T10:49:00Z","timestamp":1627814940000},"page":"E5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Supratentorial high-grade gliomas: maximal safe anatomical resection guided by augmented reality high-definition fiber tractography and fluorescein"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Sabino","family":"Luzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Giotta Lucifero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Como;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia Del","family":"Maestro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD School in Experimental Medicine, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Savioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD School in Experimental Medicine, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia;"},{"name":"Emergency Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Simoncelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvis","family":"Lafe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Preda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Galzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"r1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000318159.21731.cf","article-title":"Glioma extent of resection and its impact on patient outcome","volume":"62","author":"Sanai N","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sanai N, Berger MS. 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