{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T02:25:49Z","timestamp":1794018349766,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this cohort study was to describe and analyze the surgical treatment and outcome of posterior fossa arachnoid cysts (PFACs) in infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients presenting with a PFAC at infancy or prenatally, between the years 2000 and 2019, and who were surgically treated before the age of 2 years, were included in this study. Patient data were retrospectively collected including baseline characteristics and surgical variables. Factors related to revision surgery were analyzed through uni- and multivariate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-five patients, of whom 54.3% were male, were included. The cyst was diagnosed prenatally in 23 patients (65.7%). Surgery was typically recommended after a mean cyst follow-up of 3.4 \u00b1 3.9 months, with a mean age at surgery of 6.1 \u00b1 5.1 months. In 54.3% of patients (n = 19), surgery was performed before the age of 6 months. The PFAC was treated purely neuroendoscopically in 57.1% of patients (n = 20), while 28.6% of patients underwent open cyst procedures (n = 10), 5.7% (n = 2) were treated with a shunt, and 8.6% (n = 3) underwent a combined procedure. Additional surgery was required in 31.4% of patients (n = 11; mean 2.36 \u00b1 2.11 surgeries per patient). At the last follow-up (61.40 \u00b1 55.33 months), no mortality or permanent morbidity was seen; radiological improvement was apparent in 83.9% of the patients. Those patients treated before the age of 6 months (p = 0.09) and who presented before surgery with a stable cyst size that was maintained throughout preoperative monitoring (p = 0.08) showed a trend toward higher revision rates after surgical treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PFACs in infancy may require surgical treatment before the age of 6 months. Navigated endoscopy was a valid surgical option. Overall mortality or permanent morbidity was rare. Additional surgery was required in up to 30% of the patients; younger age and a preoperatively stable cyst might be risk factors for revision surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.5.peds21119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T10:52:11Z","timestamp":1630320731000},"page":"544-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Surgical treatment and outcome of posterior fossa arachnoid cysts in infants"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jehuda","family":"Soleman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Dana Children\u2019s Hospital Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Hospital and Children\u2019s Hospital of Basel, Basell; and"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danil A.","family":"Kozyrev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Dana Children\u2019s Hospital Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shlomi","family":"Constantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Dana Children\u2019s Hospital Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Dana Children\u2019s Hospital Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04477-6","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of arachnoid cysts: a case series and systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Beresford C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beresford C, Hall S, Smedley A,  Prenatal diagnosis of arachnoid cysts: a case series and systematic review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(4):729\u2013741.10.1007\/s00381-019-04477-631897633"},{"issue":"6","key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.64.6.0835","article-title":"Intracranial arachnoid cysts in children","volume":"64","author":"Harsh GR IV","year":"1986","unstructured":"Harsh GR IV, Edwards MS, Wilson CB. Intracranial arachnoid cysts in children. J Neurosurg. 1986;64(6):835\u2013842.370143410.3171\/jns.1986.64.6.0835"},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.2.0210","article-title":"Infratentorial arachnoid cysts","volume":"63","author":"Galassi E","year":"1985","unstructured":"Galassi E, Tognetti F, Frank F,  Infratentorial arachnoid cysts. J Neurosurg. 1985;63(2):210\u2013217.10.3171\/jns.1985.63.2.02104020444"},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"Neurol India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.117618","article-title":"Individual surgical treatment of intracranial arachnoid cyst in pediatric patients","volume":"61","author":"Wang C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang C, Han G, You C,  Individual surgical treatment of intracranial arachnoid cyst in pediatric patients. Neurol India. 2013;61(4):400\u2013405.10.4103\/0028-3886.11761824005732"},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-006-0284-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the management of arachnoid cyst of the posterior fossa in pediatric population: experience over 27 years","volume":"23","author":"Marin-Sanabria EA","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marin-Sanabria EA, Yamamoto H, Nagashima T, Kohmura E. Evaluation of the management of arachnoid cyst of the posterior fossa in pediatric population: experience over 27 years. Childs Nerv Syst. 2007;23(5):535\u2013542.1729504310.1007\/s00381-006-0284-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"b6","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(81)90110-5","article-title":"Arachnoid cysts of the posterior fossa","volume":"16","author":"Vaquero J","year":"1981","unstructured":"Vaquero J, Carrillo R, Cabezudo JM,  Arachnoid cysts of the posterior fossa. Surg Neurol. 1981;16(2):117\u2013121.697440810.1016\/0090-3019(81)90110-5"},{"issue":"11","key":"b7","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-018-3847-1","article-title":"Electromagnetic navigation-guided neuroendoscopic transfrontal transaqueductal fenestration of expansive posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with simultaneous endoscopic third ventriculostomy in an infant","volume":"34","author":"Liby P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liby P, Torres VL, Taborsky J,  Electromagnetic navigation-guided neuroendoscopic transfrontal transaqueductal fenestration of expansive posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with simultaneous endoscopic third ventriculostomy in an infant. Childs Nerv Syst. 2018;34(11):2309\u20132312.10.1007\/s00381-018-3847-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.11.PEDS10281","article-title":"Endoscopic fenestration of a cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst resulting in complete recovery from sensorineural hearing loss and facial nerve palsy","volume":"7","author":"Olaya JE","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olaya JE, Ghostine M, Rowe M, Zouros A. Endoscopic fenestration of a cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst resulting in complete recovery from sensorineural hearing loss and facial nerve palsy. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2011;7(2):157\u2013160.2128446110.3171\/2010.11.PEDS10281"},{"issue":"3","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198809000-00009","article-title":"To shunt or to fenestrate: which is the best surgical treatment for arachnoid cysts in pediatric patients?","volume":"23","author":"Raffel C","year":"1988","unstructured":"Raffel C, McComb JG. To shunt or to fenestrate: which is the best surgical treatment for arachnoid cysts in pediatric patients?. Neurosurgery. 1988;23(3):338\u2013342.10.1227\/00006123-198809000-000093226511"},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-13588","article-title":"Endoscopic surgery for large posterior fossa arachnoid cysts","volume":"44","author":"Gangemi M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gangemi M, Maiuri F, Colella G, Sardo L. Endoscopic surgery for large posterior fossa arachnoid cysts. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2001;44(1):21\u201324.10.1055\/s-2001-1358811409307"},{"issue":"6)(suppl","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"455","article-title":"Endoscopic management of arachnoid cysts: an advancing technique","volume":"106","author":"Karabatsou K","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karabatsou K, Hayhurst C, Buxton N,  Endoscopic management of arachnoid cysts: an advancing technique. J Neurosurg. 2007;106(6)(suppl):455\u2013462.17566402"},{"issue":"2","key":"b12","series-title":"Childs Brain","first-page":"119","article-title":"Infratentorial arachnoid cysts in children","volume":"8","author":"di Rocco C","year":"1981","unstructured":"di Rocco C, Caldarelli M, di Trapani G. Infratentorial arachnoid cysts in children. Childs Brain. 1981;8(2):119\u2013133.7249813"},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1159\/000050413","article-title":"Spontaneous decompression of a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst: a case report","volume":"35","author":"Pandey P","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pandey P, Tripathi M, Chandra PS,  Spontaneous decompression of a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst: a case report. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2001;35(3):162\u2013163.10.1159\/00005041311641628"},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"J Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.02.048","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus","volume":"155","author":"Kulkarni AV","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kulkarni AV, Drake JM, Mallucci CL,  Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus. J Pediatr. 2009;155(2):254\u20139.e1.10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.02.04819446842"},{"issue":"6","key":"b15","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.153.6.1289","article-title":"Revised classification of posterior fossa cysts and cystlike malformations based on the results of multiplanar MR imaging","volume":"153","author":"Barkovich AJ","year":"1989","unstructured":"Barkovich AJ, Kjos BO, Norman D, Edwards MS. Revised classification of posterior fossa cysts and cystlike malformations based on the results of multiplanar MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153(6):1289\u20131300.10.2214\/ajr.153.6.12892816648"},{"issue":"3","key":"b16","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-011-1639-y","article-title":"Contrast ventriculo-cisternography: an auxiliary test for suspected fourth ventricular outlet obstruction","volume":"28","author":"Roth J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roth J, Ben-Sira L, Udayakumaran S, Constantini S. Contrast ventriculo-cisternography: an auxiliary test for suspected fourth ventricular outlet obstruction. Childs Nerv Syst. 2012;28(3):453\u2013459.2212457310.1007\/s00381-011-1639-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"b17","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000497147","article-title":"The added value of magnetic resonance imaging cisternography and ventriculography as a diagnostic aid in pediatric hydrocephalus","volume":"54","author":"Roth J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roth J, Constantini S, Ben-Sira L, Shiran SI. The added value of magnetic resonance imaging cisternography and ventriculography as a diagnostic aid in pediatric hydrocephalus. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2019;54(3):165\u2013172.3087083610.1159\/000497147"},{"issue":"7","key":"b18","series-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13131","article-title":"Enlarged posterior fossa on prenatal imaging: differential diagnosis, associated anomalies and postnatal outcome","volume":"96","author":"W\u00fcest A","year":"2017","unstructured":"W\u00fcest A, Surbek D, Wiest R,  Enlarged posterior fossa on prenatal imaging: differential diagnosis, associated anomalies and postnatal outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2017;96(7):837\u2013843.10.1111\/aogs.1313128295149"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p544.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p544.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p544.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T01:58:16Z","timestamp":1794016696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p544.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.5.peds21119","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}}}