{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:31:09Z","timestamp":1781782269057,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis can have devastating neurological consequences. Currently, several surgical approaches are commonly used to treat these fractures: anterior, posterior, and anterior-posterior. The relative rarity of these fractures has limited the ability of surgeons to objectively determine the merits of each. The authors present an updated systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the utility of anterior surgical approaches relative to posterior and anterior-posterior approaches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n After a comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases, 7 clinical studies were included in the final qualitative and 6 in the final quantitative analyses. Of these studies, 6 compared anterior approaches with anterior-posterior and posterior approaches, while 1 investigated only an anterior approach. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated where appropriate.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n A meta-analysis of postoperative neurological improvement revealed no statistically significant differences in gross rates of neurological improvement between anterior and posterior approaches (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.10\u20131.59; p = 0.19). However, when analyzing the mean change in neurological function, patients who underwent anterior approaches had a significantly lower mean change in postoperative neurological function relative to patients who underwent posterior approaches (mean difference [MD] \u22120.60, 95% CI \u22120.76 to \u22120.45; p < 0.00001). An identical trend was seen between anterior and anterior-posterior approaches; there were no statistically significant differences in gross rates of neurological improvement (OR 3.05, 95% CI 0.84\u201311.15; p = 0.09). However, patients who underwent anterior approaches experienced a lower mean change in neurological function relative to anterior-posterior approaches (MD \u22120.46, 95% CI \u22120.60 to \u22120.32; p < 0.00001). There were no significant differences in complication rates between anterior approaches, posterior approaches, or anterior-posterior approaches, although complication rates trended lower in patients who underwent anterior approaches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n The results of this review and meta-analysis demonstrated the varying benefits of anterior approaches relative to posterior and anterior-posterior approaches in treatment of cervical fractures associated with ankylosing spondylitis. While reports demonstrated lower degrees of neurological improvement in anterior approaches, they may benefit patients with less-severe injuries if lower complication rates are desired.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.7.focus21333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T07:56:22Z","timestamp":1633074982000},"page":"E9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The role of an anterior approach in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis\u2013associated cervical fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Vaidya","family":"Govindarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto J.","family":"Perez-Roman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9570","key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"369","author":"Braun J","year":"2007","unstructured":"Braun J, Sieper J. Ankylosing spondylitis. Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1379\u20131390.1744882510.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"issue":"5","key":"b2","series-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.5.530","article-title":"Polymorphic CAG repeats of the androgen receptor gene in Japanese male patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"39","author":"Mori K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mori K, Ushiyama T, Inoue K, Hukuda S. Polymorphic CAG repeats of the androgen receptor gene in Japanese male patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000;39(5):530\u2013532.10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.5.530"},{"issue":"5","key":"b3","series-title":"Anaesthesia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05794.x","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis: recent developments and anaesthetic implications","volume":"64","author":"Woodward LJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Woodward LJ, Kam PC. Ankylosing spondylitis: recent developments and anaesthetic implications. Anaesthesia. 2009;64(5):540\u2013548.10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05794.x19413825"},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"Global Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217700108","article-title":"Analysis of the literature on cervical spine fractures in ankylosing spinal disorders","volume":"7","author":"Hartmann S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hartmann S, Tschugg A, Wipplinger C, Thom\u00e9 C. Analysis of the literature on cervical spine fractures in ankylosing spinal disorders. Global Spine J. 2017;7(5):469\u2013481.2881199210.1177\/2192568217700108"},{"issue":"2","key":"b5","series-title":"Clin Rheumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-002-0681-2","article-title":"Cervical spine involvement in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"22","author":"El Maghraoui A","year":"2003","unstructured":"El Maghraoui A, Bensabbah R, Bahiri R, Bezza A, Guedira N, Hajjaj-Hassouni N. Cervical spine involvement in ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol. 2003;22(2):94\u201398.10.1007\/s10067-002-0681-2"},{"issue":"8","key":"b6","series-title":"Int J Clin Pract","first-page":"681","article-title":"Association of immune function with bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with anklylosing spondylitis","volume":"57","author":"Yilmaz N","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yilmaz N, Pence S, Kepek\u00e7i Y, Geyikli I, Ozaslan J. Association of immune function with bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with anklylosing spondylitis. Int J Clin Pract. 2003;57(8):681\u2013685.14627178"},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"Joint Bone Spine","first-page":"291","article-title":"El Maghraoui A. Osteoporosis and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"71","year":"2004","unstructured":"El Maghraoui A. Osteoporosis and ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine. 2004;71(4):291\u2013295.15288853"},{"issue":"4","key":"b8","series-title":"J Spinal Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199112000-00007","article-title":"Traumatic instability in the previously fused cervical spine","volume":"4","author":"Mac Millan M","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mac Millan M, Stauffer ES. Traumatic instability in the previously fused cervical spine. J Spinal Disord. 1991;4(4):449\u2013454.10.1097\/00002517-199112000-00007"},{"issue":"3","key":"b9","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001190","article-title":"Spinal fracture in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: cohort definition, distribution of injuries, and hospital outcomes","volume":"41","author":"Lukasiewicz AM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lukasiewicz AM, Bohl DD, Varthi AG, Basques BA, Webb ML, Samuel AM, Grauer JN. Spinal fracture in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: cohort definition, distribution of injuries, and hospital outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2016;41(3):191\u2013196.2657995910.1097\/BRS.0000000000001190"},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181679bcb","article-title":"The management of spinal injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a comparison of treatment methods and clinical outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Whang PG","year":"2009","unstructured":"Whang PG, Goldberg G, Lawrence JP, Hong J, Harrop JS, Anderson DG, The management of spinal injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a comparison of treatment methods and clinical outcomes. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(2):77\u201385.10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181679bcb19342927"},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E12","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC\/2008\/24\/1\/E12","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis and spinal cord injury: origin, incidence, management, and avoidance","volume":"24","author":"Jacobs WB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jacobs WB, Fehlings MG. Ankylosing spondylitis and spinal cord injury: origin, incidence, management, and avoidance. Neurosurg Focus. 2008;24(1):E12.1829073810.3171\/FOC\/2008\/24\/1\/E12"},{"issue":"4","key":"b12","series-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.02.005","article-title":"Cervical spine surgery in ankylosing spondylitis: review and current concept","volume":"101","author":"Lazennec JY","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lazennec JY, d\u2019Astorg H, Rousseau MA. Cervical spine surgery in ankylosing spondylitis: review and current concept. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2015;101(4):507\u2013513.10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.02.00525863707"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13","series-title":"Br Med Bull","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldv010","article-title":"Management of cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis: anterior, posterior or combined approach?","volume":"115","author":"Longo UG","year":"2015","unstructured":"Longo UG, Loppini M, Petrillo S, Berton A, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Management of cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis: anterior, posterior or combined approach?. Br Med Bull. 2015;115(1):57\u201366.10.1093\/bmb\/ldv010"},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2014.56.2.108","article-title":"Surgical outcomes after traumatic vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"56","author":"An SB","year":"2014","unstructured":"An SB, Kim KN, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE, Kuh SU. Surgical outcomes after traumatic vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2014;56(2):108\u2013113.10.3340\/jkns.2014.56.2.10825328647"},{"issue":"3","key":"b15","series-title":"Indian J Orthop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.65151","article-title":"Spinal instability in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"44","author":"Badve SA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Badve SA, Bhojraj SY, Nene AM, Varma R, Mohite S, Kalkotwar S, Gupta A. Spinal instability in ankylosing spondylitis. Indian J Orthop. 2010;44(3):270\u2013276.10.4103\/0019-5413.6515120697479"},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.1.33","article-title":"Injuries of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: experience at two trauma centers","volume":"5","author":"Einsiedel T","year":"2006","unstructured":"Einsiedel T, Schmelz A, Arand M, Wilke HJ, Gebhard F, Hartwig E, Injuries of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: experience at two trauma centers. J Neurosurg Spine. 2006;5(1):33\u201345.10.3171\/spi.2006.5.1.3316850954"},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"Curr Orthop Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000530","article-title":"Surgical treatment of vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study","volume":"28","author":"El-Salam Wafa MA","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Salam Wafa MA, Ibrahim FMF, Ibrahim MZ. Surgical treatment of vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study. Curr Orthop Pract. 2017;28(4):424\u2013429.10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000530"},{"issue":"5","key":"b18","series-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.03.011","article-title":"Fracture of the lower cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: retrospective study of 19 cases","volume":"98","author":"Kouyoumdjian P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kouyoumdjian P, Guerin P, Schaelderle C, Asencio G, Gille O. Fracture of the lower cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: retrospective study of 19 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2012;98(5):543\u2013551.10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.03.011"},{"issue":"4","key":"b19","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"510","article-title":"Surgical outcomes of subaxial cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorder","volume":"31","author":"\u00d6kten AI","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00d6kten AI, Arslan A, I\u015ftemen \u0130, Surgical outcomes of subaxial cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorder. Turk Neurosurg. 2021;31(4):510\u2013518.33759156"},{"issue":"1","key":"b20","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00307827","article-title":"Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"5","author":"Olerud C","year":"1996","unstructured":"Olerud C, Frost A, Bring J. Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Eur Spine J. 1996;5(1):51\u201355.10.1007\/BF003078278689417"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.05.015","article-title":"Single anterior approach for cervical spine fractures at C5-T1 complicating ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"147","author":"Guo Q","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo Q, Cui Y, Wang L, Lu X, Ni B. Single anterior approach for cervical spine fractures at C5-T1 complicating ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016;147:1\u20135.10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.05.01527239896"},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"J Spine Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2018.06.15","article-title":"Surgical management of spinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"4","author":"Kurucan E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kurucan E, Bernstein DN, Mesfin A. Surgical management of spinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis. J Spine Surg. 2018;4(3):501\u2013508.3054711110.21037\/jss.2018.06.15"},{"issue":"3","key":"b23","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198809000-00003","article-title":"Posterior stabilization of cervical spine fractures and subluxations using plates and screws","volume":"23","author":"Cooper PR","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cooper PR, Cohen A, Rosiello A, Koslow M. Posterior stabilization of cervical spine fractures and subluxations using plates and screws. Neurosurgery. 1988;23(3):300\u2013306.322650910.1227\/00006123-198809000-00003"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"Spinal Cord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100673","article-title":"Treatment of fracture and complication of cervical spine with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"36","author":"Exner G","year":"1998","unstructured":"Exner G, B\u00f6tel U, Kluger P, Richter M, Eggers C, Ruidisch M. Treatment of fracture and complication of cervical spine with ankylosing spondylitis. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(6):377\u2013379.964819210.1038\/sj.sc.3100673"},{"issue":"7","key":"b25","series-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003846","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.003846","article-title":"With great power comes great responsibility: big data research from the National Inpatient Sample","volume":"10","author":"Khera R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khera R, Krumholz HM. With great power comes great responsibility: big data research from the National Inpatient Sample. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10(7):e003846.10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.00384628705865"},{"issue":"9570","key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"369","author":"Braun J","year":"2007","unstructured":"Braun J, Sieper J. Ankylosing spondylitis. Lancet. 2007;369(9570):1379\u20131390.1744882510.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"issue":"5","key":"b2","series-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.5.530","article-title":"Polymorphic CAG repeats of the androgen receptor gene in Japanese male patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"39","author":"Mori K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mori K, Ushiyama T, Inoue K, Hukuda S. Polymorphic CAG repeats of the androgen receptor gene in Japanese male patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000;39(5):530\u2013532.10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.5.530"},{"issue":"5","key":"b3","series-title":"Anaesthesia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05794.x","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis: recent developments and anaesthetic implications","volume":"64","author":"Woodward LJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Woodward LJ, Kam PC. Ankylosing spondylitis: recent developments and anaesthetic implications. Anaesthesia. 2009;64(5):540\u2013548.10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05794.x19413825"},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"Global Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217700108","article-title":"Analysis of the literature on cervical spine fractures in ankylosing spinal disorders","volume":"7","author":"Hartmann S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hartmann S, Tschugg A, Wipplinger C, Thom\u00e9 C. Analysis of the literature on cervical spine fractures in ankylosing spinal disorders. Global Spine J. 2017;7(5):469\u2013481.2881199210.1177\/2192568217700108"},{"issue":"2","key":"b5","series-title":"Clin Rheumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-002-0681-2","article-title":"Cervical spine involvement in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"22","author":"El Maghraoui A","year":"2003","unstructured":"El Maghraoui A, Bensabbah R, Bahiri R, Bezza A, Guedira N, Hajjaj-Hassouni N. Cervical spine involvement in ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol. 2003;22(2):94\u201398.10.1007\/s10067-002-0681-2"},{"issue":"8","key":"b6","series-title":"Int J Clin Pract","first-page":"681","article-title":"Association of immune function with bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with anklylosing spondylitis","volume":"57","author":"Yilmaz N","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yilmaz N, Pence S, Kepek\u00e7i Y, Geyikli I, Ozaslan J. Association of immune function with bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with anklylosing spondylitis. Int J Clin Pract. 2003;57(8):681\u2013685.14627178"},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"Joint Bone Spine","first-page":"291","article-title":"El Maghraoui A. Osteoporosis and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"71","year":"2004","unstructured":"El Maghraoui A. Osteoporosis and ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine. 2004;71(4):291\u2013295.15288853"},{"issue":"4","key":"b8","series-title":"J Spinal Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199112000-00007","article-title":"Traumatic instability in the previously fused cervical spine","volume":"4","author":"Mac Millan M","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mac Millan M, Stauffer ES. Traumatic instability in the previously fused cervical spine. J Spinal Disord. 1991;4(4):449\u2013454.10.1097\/00002517-199112000-00007"},{"issue":"3","key":"b9","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001190","article-title":"Spinal fracture in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: cohort definition, distribution of injuries, and hospital outcomes","volume":"41","author":"Lukasiewicz AM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lukasiewicz AM, Bohl DD, Varthi AG, Basques BA, Webb ML, Samuel AM, Grauer JN. Spinal fracture in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: cohort definition, distribution of injuries, and hospital outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2016;41(3):191\u2013196.2657995910.1097\/BRS.0000000000001190"},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181679bcb","article-title":"The management of spinal injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a comparison of treatment methods and clinical outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Whang PG","year":"2009","unstructured":"Whang PG, Goldberg G, Lawrence JP, Hong J, Harrop JS, Anderson DG, The management of spinal injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a comparison of treatment methods and clinical outcomes. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(2):77\u201385.10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181679bcb19342927"},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E12","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC\/2008\/24\/1\/E12","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis and spinal cord injury: origin, incidence, management, and avoidance","volume":"24","author":"Jacobs WB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jacobs WB, Fehlings MG. Ankylosing spondylitis and spinal cord injury: origin, incidence, management, and avoidance. Neurosurg Focus. 2008;24(1):E12.1829073810.3171\/FOC\/2008\/24\/1\/E12"},{"issue":"4","key":"b12","series-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.02.005","article-title":"Cervical spine surgery in ankylosing spondylitis: review and current concept","volume":"101","author":"Lazennec JY","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lazennec JY, d\u2019Astorg H, Rousseau MA. Cervical spine surgery in ankylosing spondylitis: review and current concept. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2015;101(4):507\u2013513.10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.02.00525863707"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13","series-title":"Br Med Bull","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldv010","article-title":"Management of cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis: anterior, posterior or combined approach?","volume":"115","author":"Longo UG","year":"2015","unstructured":"Longo UG, Loppini M, Petrillo S, Berton A, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Management of cervical fractures in ankylosing spondylitis: anterior, posterior or combined approach?. Br Med Bull. 2015;115(1):57\u201366.10.1093\/bmb\/ldv010"},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2014.56.2.108","article-title":"Surgical outcomes after traumatic vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"56","author":"An SB","year":"2014","unstructured":"An SB, Kim KN, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE, Kuh SU. Surgical outcomes after traumatic vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2014;56(2):108\u2013113.10.3340\/jkns.2014.56.2.10825328647"},{"issue":"3","key":"b15","series-title":"Indian J Orthop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.65151","article-title":"Spinal instability in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"44","author":"Badve SA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Badve SA, Bhojraj SY, Nene AM, Varma R, Mohite S, Kalkotwar S, Gupta A. Spinal instability in ankylosing spondylitis. Indian J Orthop. 2010;44(3):270\u2013276.10.4103\/0019-5413.6515120697479"},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.1.33","article-title":"Injuries of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: experience at two trauma centers","volume":"5","author":"Einsiedel T","year":"2006","unstructured":"Einsiedel T, Schmelz A, Arand M, Wilke HJ, Gebhard F, Hartwig E, Injuries of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: experience at two trauma centers. J Neurosurg Spine. 2006;5(1):33\u201345.10.3171\/spi.2006.5.1.3316850954"},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"Curr Orthop Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000530","article-title":"Surgical treatment of vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study","volume":"28","author":"El-Salam Wafa MA","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Salam Wafa MA, Ibrahim FMF, Ibrahim MZ. Surgical treatment of vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study. Curr Orthop Pract. 2017;28(4):424\u2013429.10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000530"},{"issue":"5","key":"b18","series-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.03.011","article-title":"Fracture of the lower cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: retrospective study of 19 cases","volume":"98","author":"Kouyoumdjian P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kouyoumdjian P, Guerin P, Schaelderle C, Asencio G, Gille O. Fracture of the lower cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: retrospective study of 19 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2012;98(5):543\u2013551.10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.03.011"},{"issue":"4","key":"b19","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"510","article-title":"Surgical outcomes of subaxial cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorder","volume":"31","author":"\u00d6kten AI","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00d6kten AI, Arslan A, I\u015ftemen \u0130, Surgical outcomes of subaxial cervical fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorder. Turk Neurosurg. 2021;31(4):510\u2013518.33759156"},{"issue":"1","key":"b20","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00307827","article-title":"Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"5","author":"Olerud C","year":"1996","unstructured":"Olerud C, Frost A, Bring J. Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Eur Spine J. 1996;5(1):51\u201355.10.1007\/BF003078278689417"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.05.015","article-title":"Single anterior approach for cervical spine fractures at C5-T1 complicating ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"147","author":"Guo Q","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo Q, Cui Y, Wang L, Lu X, Ni B. Single anterior approach for cervical spine fractures at C5-T1 complicating ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016;147:1\u20135.10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.05.01527239896"},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"J Spine Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2018.06.15","article-title":"Surgical management of spinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"4","author":"Kurucan E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kurucan E, Bernstein DN, Mesfin A. Surgical management of spinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis. J Spine Surg. 2018;4(3):501\u2013508.3054711110.21037\/jss.2018.06.15"},{"issue":"3","key":"b23","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198809000-00003","article-title":"Posterior stabilization of cervical spine fractures and subluxations using plates and screws","volume":"23","author":"Cooper PR","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cooper PR, Cohen A, Rosiello A, Koslow M. Posterior stabilization of cervical spine fractures and subluxations using plates and screws. Neurosurgery. 1988;23(3):300\u2013306.322650910.1227\/00006123-198809000-00003"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"Spinal Cord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100673","article-title":"Treatment of fracture and complication of cervical spine with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"36","author":"Exner G","year":"1998","unstructured":"Exner G, B\u00f6tel U, Kluger P, Richter M, Eggers C, Ruidisch M. Treatment of fracture and complication of cervical spine with ankylosing spondylitis. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(6):377\u2013379.964819210.1038\/sj.sc.3100673"},{"issue":"7","key":"b25","series-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003846","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.003846","article-title":"With great power comes great responsibility: big data research from the National Inpatient Sample","volume":"10","author":"Khera R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khera R, Krumholz HM. With great power comes great responsibility: big data research from the National Inpatient Sample. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017;10(7):e003846.10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.00384628705865"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/51\/4\/article-pE9.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/51\/4\/article-pE9.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/51\/4\/article-pE9.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T08:25:29Z","timestamp":1780734329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/51\/4\/article-pE9.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.7.focus21333","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}}}