{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:02:10Z","timestamp":1782864130543,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"In the United States, an estimated 185,000 individuals undergo amputation of their upper or lower limb. This results in residual limb pain in up to 85% of cases. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a technique that has been shown to prevent symptomatic neuroma formation. In this video, the authors demonstrate their technique utilizing TMR at the time of above-the-knee amputation. Coaptations are made to provide motor targets for branches of the saphenous, tibial, and peroneal sensory nerves. At the featured patient\u2019s most recent follow-up visit 3 months postoperatively, she reported no stump pain or phantom limb pain.<\/jats:p>\n \n The video can be found here:\n https:\/\/stream.cadmore.media\/r10.3171\/2022.10.FOCVID2293<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.10.focvid2293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T09:00:53Z","timestamp":1672563653000},"page":"V12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Targeted muscle reinnervation in above knee amputation: surgical technique"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Boctor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian L.","family":"Klosowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Moradian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iulianna","family":"Taritsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Dumanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason H.","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"b1","series-title":"South Med J","first-page":"875","article-title":"Limb amputation and limb deficiency: epidemiology and recent trends in the United States","volume":"95","author":"Dillingham TR","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dillingham TR, Pezzin LE, MacKenzie EJ. Limb amputation and limb deficiency: epidemiology and recent trends in the United States. South Med J. 2002;95(8):875\u2013883.12190225"},{"issue":"2","key":"b2","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"238","article-title":"Targeted muscle reinnervation treats neuroma and phantom pain in major limb amputees: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"270","author":"Dumanian GA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dumanian GA, Potter BK, Mioton LM, Targeted muscle reinnervation treats neuroma and phantom pain in major limb amputees: a randomized clinical trial. Ann Surg. 2019;270(2):238\u2013246.30371518"},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open","first-page":"e2383","article-title":"Management of unreconstructable saphenous nerve injury with targeted muscle reinnervation","volume":"8","author":"Janes LE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janes LE, Fracol ME, Ko JH, Dumanian GA. Management of unreconstructable saphenous nerve injury with targeted muscle reinnervation. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020;8(1):e2383.32095383"},{"issue":"1","key":"b4","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"187","article-title":"Targeted reinnervation in the transfemoral amputee: a preliminary study of surgical technique","volume":"129","author":"Agnew SP","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agnew SP, Schultz AE, Dumanian GA, Kuiken TA. Targeted reinnervation in the transfemoral amputee: a preliminary study of surgical technique. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;129(1):187\u2013194.22186509"},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"651e","article-title":"Targeted muscle reinnervation as a solution for nerve pain","volume":"146","author":"Lanier ST","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lanier ST, Jordan SW, Ko JH, Dumanian GA. Targeted muscle reinnervation as a solution for nerve pain. 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