{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:06:12Z","timestamp":1787497572502,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune checkpoint-inhibitory therapeutic antibodies have shown striking activity against several types of cancers but are less effective against brain-localized malignancies, in part due to the protective effect of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The authors hypothesized that intraarterial (IA) delivery of a novel compound, NEO100, has the potential to safely and reversibly open the BBB to enable brain-targeted therapeutic activity of checkpoint-inhibitory antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunocompetent mice with syngeneic glioblastoma or melanoma cells implanted into their brains were subjected to a single IA injection of NEO100 to open their BBB. One dose of murine anti\u2013PD-1\/PD-L1 antibody was either coinjected with NEO100 or separately injected intravenously. Brain penetration of these antibodies and levels of CD8+ T cell infiltrate into the tumor microenvironment were quantitated and animal survival was monitored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IA NEO100 enabled the increased accumulation of checkpoint-inhibitory antibodies in the brain, along with greater numbers of T cells. In both malignancy models, a single intervention of IA NEO100 combined with antibody resulted in the long-term survival of animals. Antibody treatment in the absence of NEO100 was far less effective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BBB opening by IA NEO100 facilitates brain tumor access by checkpoint-inhibitory antibodies and enables their therapeutic activity, along with increased levels of T-cell recruitment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.12.jns221285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T11:04:07Z","timestamp":1675422247000},"page":"822-830","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enhanced brain entry of checkpoint-inhibitory therapeutic antibodies facilitated by intraarterial NEO100 in mouse models of brain-localized malignancies"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Weijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiping","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Yeon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu O.","family":"Minea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven D.","family":"Swenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan L.","family":"Epstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"},{"name":"Pathology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apostolos","family":"Stathopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel H.","family":"Sch\u00f6nthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"},{"name":"Pathology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov","first-page":"275","article-title":"From blood-brain barrier to blood-brain interface: new opportunities for CNS drug delivery","volume":"15","author":"Banks WA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Banks WA. 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