{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:48:50Z","timestamp":1789944530787,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Patients with deep-seated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have a higher rate of unfavorable outcome and lower rate of nidus obliteration after primary stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the effect of AVM location on repeat SRS outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This retrospective, multicenter study involved 505 AVM patients managed with repeat, single-session SRS. The endpoints were nidus obliteration, hemorrhage in the latency period, radiation-induced changes (RICs), and favorable outcome. Patients were split on the basis of AVM location into the deep (brainstem, basal ganglia, thalamus, deep cerebellum, and corpus callosum) and superficial cohorts. The cohorts were matched 1:1 on the basis of the covariate balancing score for volume, eloquence of location, and prescription dose.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>After matching, 149 patients remained in each cohort. The 5-year cumulative probability rates for favorable outcome (probability difference \u221218%, 95% CI \u221230.9 to \u22125.8%, p = 0.004) and AVM obliteration (probability difference \u201318%, 95% CI \u201330.1% to \u22126.4%, p = 0.007) were significantly lower in the deep AVM cohort. No significant differences were observed in the 5-year cumulative probability rates for hemorrhage (probability difference 3%, 95% CI \u20132.4% to 8.5%, p = 0.28) or RICs (probability difference 1%, 95% CI \u201310.6% to 11.7%, p = 0.92). The median time to delayed cyst formation was longer with deep-seated AVMs (deep 62 months vs superficial 12 months, p = 0.047).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>AVMs located in deep regions had significantly lower favorable outcomes and obliteration rates compared with superficial lesions after repeat SRS. Although the rates of hemorrhage in the latency period and RICs in the two cohorts were comparable, delayed cyst formation occurred later in patients with deep-seated AVMs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.10.jns231957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,23]],"date-time":"2023-12-23T01:24:12Z","timestamp":1703294652000},"page":"1753-1761","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of cerebral arteriovenous malformation location on outcomes of repeat, single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery: a matched-cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Georgios","family":"Mantziaris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Pikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe","family":"Dumot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Dayawansa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Liscak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stereotactic and Radiation Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaromir","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stereotactic and Radiation Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Chia","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huai-Che","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Mart\u00ednez Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, Spain;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Martinez \u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, Spain;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Dade","family":"Lunsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Niranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhishuo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilly W.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Nabeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Benha University, Qalubya, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael A.","family":"Reda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Benha University, Qalubya, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh R.","family":"Tawadros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Abdel Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr M. N.","family":"El-Shehaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reem M.","family":"Emad Eldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamma Knife Center Cairo, Nasser Institute Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;"},{"name":"Radiation Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Hesham","family":"Elazzazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selcuk","family":"Peker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Ko\u00e7 University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yavuz","family":"Samanci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Ko\u00e7 University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Padmanaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis J.","family":"Jareczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"McInerney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Cockroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Sherbrooke, CHUS Research Center, Sherbrooke, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Aldakhil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Sherbrooke, CHUS Research Center, Sherbrooke, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Diego","family":"Alzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kondziolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjul","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua D.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rituraj","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Zada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Cifarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Cifarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Shaaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"437","article-title":"Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Gross BA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gross BA, Du R. Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2013;118(2):437\u2013443."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"417","article-title":"Deep arteriovenous malformations in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and insula: microsurgical management, techniques, and results","volume":"73","author":"Potts MB","year":"2013","unstructured":"Potts MB, Young WL, Lawton MT. Deep arteriovenous malformations in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and insula: microsurgical management, techniques, and results. Neurosurgery. 2013;73(3):417\u2013429."},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"37","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for deep intracranial arteriovenous malformations, part 2: basal ganglia and thalamus arteriovenous malformations","volume":"24","author":"Cohen-Inbar O","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cohen-Inbar O, Ding D, Sheehan JP. Stereotactic radiosurgery for deep intracranial arteriovenous malformations, part 2: basal ganglia and thalamus arteriovenous malformations. J Clin Neurosci. 2016;24:37\u201342."},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"30","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for deep intracranial arteriovenous malformations, part 1: brainstem arteriovenous malformations","volume":"24","author":"Cohen-Inbar O","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cohen-Inbar O, Ding D, Chen CJ, Sheehan JP. Stereotactic radiosurgery for deep intracranial arteriovenous malformations, part 1: brainstem arteriovenous malformations. J Clin Neurosci. 2016;24:30\u201336."},{"issue":"8","key":"b5","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"1974","article-title":"Outcome evaluation of repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations","volume":"54","author":"Mantziaris G","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mantziaris G, Pikis S, Dumot C,  Outcome evaluation of repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Stroke. 2023;54(8):1974\u20131984."},{"issue":"4","key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"476","article-title":"A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations","volume":"65","author":"Spetzler RF","year":"1986","unstructured":"Spetzler RF, Martin NA. A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1986;65(4):476\u2013483."},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"981","article-title":"A practical grading scale for predicting outcome after radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: analysis of 1012 treated patients","volume":"119","author":"Starke RM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Starke RM, Yen CP, Ding D, Sheehan JP. A practical grading scale for predicting outcome after radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: analysis of 1012 treated patients. J Neurosurg. 2013;119(4):981\u2013987."},{"key":"b8","series-title":"RStudio","article-title":"RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R","year":"2020","unstructured":"RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R. RStudio; 2020.Accessed October 31, 2023. http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"R Foundation for Statistical Computing","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2020","unstructured":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2020.Accessed October 31, 2023. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"issue":"6","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1458","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations located in deep critical regions","volume":"70","author":"Nagy G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nagy G, Major O, Rowe JG,  Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations located in deep critical regions. Neurosurgery. 2012;70(6):1458\u20131471."},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"36","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations: evaluation of long-term outcomes in a multicenter cohort","volume":"126","author":"Starke RM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Starke RM, Kano H, Ding D,  Stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations: evaluation of long-term outcomes in a multicenter cohort. J Neurosurg. 2017;126(1):36\u201344."},{"issue":"3","key":"b12","series-title":"Ann Stat","first-page":"1141","article-title":"A class of K-sample tests for comparing the cumulative incidence of a competing risk","volume":"16","author":"Gray RJ","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gray RJ. A class of K-sample tests for comparing the cumulative incidence of a competing risk. Ann Stat. 1988;16(3):1141\u20131154."},{"issue":"446","key":"b13","series-title":"J Am Stat Assoc","first-page":"496","article-title":"A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine JP","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fine JP, Gray RJ. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc. 1999;94(446):496\u2013509."},{"issue":"27","key":"b14","series-title":"Stat Med","first-page":"4391","article-title":"Practical recommendations for reporting Fine-Gray model analyses for competing risk data","volume":"36","author":"Austin PC","year":"2017","unstructured":"Austin PC, Fine JP. Practical recommendations for reporting Fine-Gray model analyses for competing risk data. Stat Med. 2017;36(27):4391\u20134400."},{"issue":"1","key":"b15","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"79","article-title":"A proposed radiosurgery-based grading system for arteriovenous malformations","volume":"96","author":"Pollock BE","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pollock BE, Flickinger JC. A proposed radiosurgery-based grading system for arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 2002;96(1):79\u201385."},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"239","article-title":"Modification of the radiosurgery-based arteriovenous malformation grading system","volume":"63","author":"Pollock BE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pollock BE, Flickinger JC. Modification of the radiosurgery-based arteriovenous malformation grading system. Neurosurgery. 2008;63(2):239\u2013243."},{"issue":"3","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"804","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for intermediate- and high-grade arteriovenous malformations: outcomes stratified by the supplemented Spetzler-Martin grading system","volume":"138","author":"Naylor RM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Naylor RM, Graffeo CS, Nesvick CL,  Stereotactic radiosurgery for intermediate- and high-grade arteriovenous malformations: outcomes stratified by the supplemented Spetzler-Martin grading system. J Neurosurg. 2022;138(3)804-809."},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"873","article-title":"A dose-response analysis of arteriovenous malformation obliteration after radiosurgery","volume":"36","author":"Flickinger JC","year":"1996","unstructured":"Flickinger JC, Pollock BE, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD. A dose-response analysis of arteriovenous malformation obliteration after radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;36(4):873\u2013879."},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"958","article-title":"Radiosurgery for patients with unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations","volume":"118","author":"Ding D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ding D, Yen CP, Xu Z, Starke RM, Sheehan JP. Radiosurgery for patients with unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 2013;118(5):958\u2013966."},{"issue":"4","key":"b20","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"678","article-title":"Early hemodynamic response assessment of stereotactic radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation using 4D flow MRI","volume":"39","author":"Li CQ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li CQ, Hsiao A, Hattangadi-Gluth J, Handwerker J, Farid N. Early hemodynamic response assessment of stereotactic radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation using 4D flow MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018;39(4):678\u2013681."},{"issue":"4","key":"b21","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"920","article-title":"Angioarchitectural factors present in brain arteriovenous malformations associated with hemorrhagic presentation","volume":"33","author":"Stefani MA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stefani MA, Porter PJ, terBrugge KG, Montanera W, Willinsky RA, Wallace MC. Angioarchitectural factors present in brain arteriovenous malformations associated with hemorrhagic presentation. Stroke. 2002;33(4):920\u2013924."},{"issue":"12","key":"b22","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1575","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem\u2014a retrospective study comparing the results with that for AVMs at other intracranial locations","volume":"151","author":"Kiran NAS","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kiran NAS, Kale SS, Kasliwal MK,  Gamma knife radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations of basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem\u2014a retrospective study comparing the results with that for AVMs at other intracranial locations. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2009;151(12):1575\u20131582."},{"issue":"1","key":"b23","series-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis","first-page":"53","article-title":"Effect of prior hemorrhage on intracranial arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Ding D","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ding D, Yen CP, Starke RM, Xu Z, Sheehan JP. Effect of prior hemorrhage on intracranial arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery outcomes. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;39(1):53\u201362."},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"1384","article-title":"Risk of brain arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage before and after stereotactic radiosurgery","volume":"50","author":"Ding D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ding D, Chen CJ, Starke RM,  Risk of brain arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage before and after stereotactic radiosurgery. Stroke. 2019;50(6):1384\u20131391."},{"issue":"6","key":"b25","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"920","article-title":"Risk for hemorrhage the first 2 years after gamma knife surgery for arteriovenous malformations: an update","volume":"91","author":"Karlsson B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karlsson B, Jokura H, Yang HC,  Risk for hemorrhage the first 2 years after gamma knife surgery for arteriovenous malformations: an update. Neurosurgery. 2022;91(6):920\u2013927."},{"issue":"11","key":"b26","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"1497","article-title":"Association between draining vein diameters and intracranial arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage: a multicentric retrospective study","volume":"62","author":"de Castro-Afonso LH","year":"2020","unstructured":"de Castro-Afonso LH, Vanzim JR, Trivelato FP,  Association between draining vein diameters and intracranial arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage: a multicentric retrospective study. Neuroradiology. 2020;62(11):1497\u20131505."},{"issue":"9084","key":"b27","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous haemorrhage after diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation","volume":"350","author":"Mast H","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mast H, Young WL, Koennecke HC,  Risk of spontaneous haemorrhage after diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation. Lancet. 1997;350(9084):1065\u20131068."},{"issue":"3","key":"b28","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"352","article-title":"Histopathology of arteriovenous malformations after gamma knife radiosurgery","volume":"87","author":"Schneider BF","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schneider BF, Eberhard DA, Steiner LE. Histopathology of arteriovenous malformations after gamma knife radiosurgery. J Neurosurg. 1997;87(3):352\u2013357."},{"issue":"2","key":"b29","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"146","article-title":"The risk of hemorrhage after radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations","volume":"352","author":"Maruyama K","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maruyama K, Kawahara N, Shin M,  The risk of hemorrhage after radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(2):146\u2013153."},{"issue":"3","key":"b30","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"365","article-title":"Radiation-induced changes after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Ilyas A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ilyas A, Chen CJ, Ding D,  Radiation-induced changes after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgery. 2018;83(3):365\u2013376."},{"issue":"1","key":"b31","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations","volume":"53","author":"Pikis S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pikis S, Mantziaris G, Ramanathan P, Xu Z, Sheehan JP. Repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurg Focus. 2022;53(1):E11."},{"issue":"1","key":"b32","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"21","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations, Part 3: outcome predictors and risks after repeat radiosurgery","volume":"116","author":"Kano H","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kano H, Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC,  Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations, Part 3: outcome predictors and risks after repeat radiosurgery. J Neurosurg. 2012;116(1):21\u201332."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/140\/6\/article-p1753.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/140\/6\/article-p1753.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/140\/6\/article-p1753.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T11:39:30Z","timestamp":1732621170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/140\/6\/article-p1753.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2023.10.jns231957","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}}}