{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:36:21Z","timestamp":1759941381827,"version":"3.28.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) blood flow measured by quantitative MR angiography (QMRA) in nonruptured AVMs with MR-detected microhemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All patients with unruptured AVMs who received baseline QMRA and gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted MRI were retrospectively reviewed (2004\u20132022). Imaging data, clinical history, and AVM angioarchitectural and flow features were collected and assessed. AVM flow was calculated from the difference of flow within primary arterial feeders from their contralateral counterparts. A review of the MR images determined the presence of microhemorrhages. Analysis of descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and binomial logistic regression were performed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of 634 patients with cerebral AVMs at a single center, 89 patients met the inclusion criteria (54 with microhemorrhage and 35 without microhemorrhage). The calculated AVM flow was significantly higher in the group with a microhemorrhage (447.9 \u00b1 193.1 ml\/min vs 287.6 \u00b1 235.7 ml\/min, p = 0.009). In addition, the presence of venous anomaly, arterial ectasia, and diffuse nidus was significantly associated with microhemorrhage (p = 0.017, p = 0.041, and p = 0.041, respectively). Binary logistic regression found that higher flow predicted the presence of microhemorrhage (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.000\u20131.004; p = 0.031). The highest AVM flow quartile significantly predicted the presence of venous anomaly (OR 3.840, 95% CI 1.037\u201314.213; p = 0.044), diffuse nidus (OR 6.800, 95% CI 1.766\u201325.181; p = 0.005), and arterial ectasia (OR 13.846, 95% CI 1.905\u2013122.584; p = 0.018).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study represents the first to examine the association between flow measurements on QMRA with microhemorrhage in unruptured AVMs. Higher AVM flow, venous anomaly, arterial ectasia, and diffuse AVM nidus were related to a higher likelihood of AVM microhemorrhage. Higher AVM flow was present in AVMs with venous anomalies, a diffuse nidus, and arterial ectasia, indicating a possible interaction between these angioarchitectural findings, AVM flow, and microhemorrhage. These findings suggest a relationship between higher AVM flow and the risk of microhemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.12.jns232178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T01:21:52Z","timestamp":1707528112000},"page":"138-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The correlation of cerebral arteriovenous malformation flow measured by quantitative MR angiography on MR-detected arteriovenous malformation microhemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Hossa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Stone","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saavan","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"Ram\u00edrez Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samaritan University Hospital, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Brunozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fady T.","family":"Charbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Alaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"100","article-title":"The natural history and predictive features of hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations","volume":"40","author":"Da Costa L","year":"2009","unstructured":"Da Costa L, Wallace MC, Ter Brugge KG, O\u2019Kelly C, Willinsky RA, Tymianski M. 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