{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:45:32Z","timestamp":1790876732759,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive and malignant tumors of the brainstem. Stereotactic biopsy can obtain molecular and genetic information for diagnostic and potentially therapeutic purposes. However, there is no consensus on the safety of biopsy or effect on survival. The authors aimed to characterize neurological risk associated with and the effect of stereotactic biopsy on survival among patients with DIPGs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify all studies examining pediatric patients with DIPG who underwent stereotactic biopsy. The search strategy was deployed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The quality of studies was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, and risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies\u2013of Interventions tool. Bibliographic, demographic, clinical, and outcome data were extracted from studies meeting inclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of 2634 resultant articles, 13 were included, representing 192 patients undergoing biopsy. The weighted mean age at diagnosis was 7.5 years (range 0.5\u201317 years). There was an overall neurosurgical complication rate of 13.02% (25\/192). The most common neurosurgical complication was cranial nerve palsy (4.2%, 8\/192), of which cranial nerve VII was the most common (37.5%, 3\/8). The second most common complication was perioperative hemorrhage (3.6%, 7\/192), followed by hemiparesis (2.1%, 4\/192), speech disorders (1.6%, 3\/192) such as dysarthria and dysphasia, and movement disorders (1.0%, 2\/192). Hydrocephalus was less commonly reported (0.5%, 1\/192), and there were no complications relating to wound infection\/dehiscence (0%, 0\/192) or CSF leak (0%, 0\/192). No mortality was specifically attributed to biopsy. Diagnostic yield of biopsy revealed a weighted mean of 97.4% (range 91%\u2013100%). Of the studies reporting survival data, 37.6% (32\/85) of patients died within the study follow-up period (range 2 weeks\u201348 months). The mean overall survival in patients undergoing biopsy was 9.73 months (SD 0.68, median 10 months, range 6\u201313 months).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Children with DIPGs undergoing biopsy have mild to moderate rates of neurosurgical complications and no excessive morbidity. With reasonably acceptable surgical risk and high diagnostic yield, stereotactic biopsy of DIPGs can allow for characterization of patient-specific molecular and genetic features that may influence prognosis and the development of future therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.7.peds22462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T05:12:58Z","timestamp":1694236378000},"page":"665-672","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Survival and neurological outcomes after stereotactic biopsy of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mahalia","family":"Dalmage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"LoPresti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prottusha","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sruthi","family":"Ranganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunny","family":"Abdelmageed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manasa","family":"Pagadala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Shlobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandi","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; and"},{"name":"Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"DeCuypere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; and"},{"name":"Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"Paediatr Drugs","first-page":"351","article-title":"Management of diffuse pontine gliomas in children: recent developments","volume":"15","author":"Kebudi R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kebudi R, Cakir FB. Management of diffuse pontine gliomas in children: recent developments. Paediatr Drugs. 2013;15(5):351\u2013362."},{"issue":"JUL","key":"b2","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"172","article-title":"Pre-clinical models of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"5","author":"Misuraca KL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Misuraca KL, Cordero FJ, Becher OJ. Pre-clinical models of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Front Oncol. 2015;5(JUL):172."},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"205","article-title":"Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: poised for progress","volume":"2","author":"Warren KE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Warren KE. Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: poised for progress. Front Oncol. 2012;2:205."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"387","article-title":"Palliative endoscopic third ventriculostomy for pediatric primary brain tumors: a single-institution case series","volume":"28","author":"Rennert RC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rennert RC, Brandel MG, Srinivas S,  Palliative endoscopic third ventriculostomy for pediatric primary brain tumors: a single-institution case series. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2021;28(4):387\u2013394."},{"issue":"8","key":"b5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"1313","article-title":"Feasibility, safety, and indications for surgical biopsy of intrinsic brainstem tumors in children","volume":"29","author":"Cage TA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cage TA, Samagh SP, Mueller S,  Feasibility, safety, and indications for surgical biopsy of intrinsic brainstem tumors in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013;29(8):1313\u20131319."},{"issue":"4","key":"b6","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"697","article-title":"Retrospective analysis on the consistency of MRI features with histological and molecular markers in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)","volume":"36","author":"Giagnacovo M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giagnacovo M, Antonelli M, Biassoni V,  Retrospective analysis on the consistency of MRI features with histological and molecular markers in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(4):697\u2013704."},{"issue":"6","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Magnetic resonance scans should replace biopsies for the diagnosis of diffuse brain stem gliomas: a report from the Children\u2019s Cancer Group","volume":"33","author":"Albright AL","year":"1993","unstructured":"Albright AL, Packer RJ, Zimmerman R, Rorke LB, Boyett J, Hammond GD. Magnetic resonance scans should replace biopsies for the diagnosis of diffuse brain stem gliomas: a report from the Children\u2019s Cancer Group. Neurosurgery. 1993;33(6):1026\u20131030."},{"issue":"4","key":"b8","series-title":"J Robot Surg","first-page":"575","article-title":"Robot-assisted stereotactic brainstem biopsy in children: prospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Dawes W","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dawes W, Marcus HJ, Tisdall M, Aquilina K. Robot-assisted stereotactic brainstem biopsy in children: prospective cohort study. J Robot Surg. 2019;13(4):575\u2013579."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"15","article-title":"Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: diagnostic approach and treatment strategies","volume":"72","author":"Janjua MB","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janjua MB, Ban VS, El Ahmadieh TY,  Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: diagnostic approach and treatment strategies. J Clin Neurosci. 2020;72:15\u201319."},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","first-page":"138","article-title":"GRADE Guidelines 30: the GRADE approach to assessing the certainty of modeled evidence-An overview in the context of health decision-making","volume":"129","author":"Brozek JL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brozek JL, Canelo-Aybar C, Akl EA,  GRADE Guidelines 30: the GRADE approach to assessing the certainty of modeled evidence-An overview in the context of health decision-making. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021;129:138\u2013150."},{"key":"b11","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne JA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC,  ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ. 2016;355:i4919."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"584","article-title":"Robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a single-center experience","volume":"101","author":"Carai A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carai A, Mastronuzzi A, De Benedictis A,  Robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a single-center experience. World Neurosurg. 2017;101:584\u2013588."},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"327","article-title":"Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas in children: interest of robotic frameless assisted biopsy. A technical note","volume":"62","author":"Coca HA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coca HA, Cebula H, Benmekhbi M, Chenard MP, Entz-Werle N, Proust F. Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas in children: interest of robotic frameless assisted biopsy. A technical note. Neurochirurgie. 2016;62(6):327\u2013331."},{"issue":"11","key":"b14","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"1547","article-title":"Prospective feasibility and safety assessment of surgical biopsy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"20","author":"Gupta N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gupta N, Goumnerova LC, Manley P,  Prospective feasibility and safety assessment of surgical biopsy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Neuro Oncol. 2018;20(11):1547\u20131555."},{"issue":"5","key":"b15","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"345","article-title":"Diffuse infiltrative pontine glioma biopsy in children with neuronavigation, frameless procedure: a single center experience of 10 cases","volume":"66","author":"Joud A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joud A, Stella I, Klein O. Diffuse infiltrative pontine glioma biopsy in children with neuronavigation, frameless procedure: a single center experience of 10 cases. Neurochirurgie. 2020;66(5):345\u2013348."},{"issue":"5","key":"b16","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"1515","article-title":"Use of intra-operative stimulation of brainstem lesion target sites for frameless stereotactic biopsies","volume":"37","author":"Labuschagne J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Labuschagne J, Mutyaba D, Nel J, Casieri C. Use of intra-operative stimulation of brainstem lesion target sites for frameless stereotactic biopsies. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021;37(5):1515\u20131523."},{"issue":"3","key":"b17","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"489","article-title":"Transcerebellar biopsy of diffuse pontine gliomas in children: a technical note","volume":"29","author":"Phi JH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Phi JH, Chung HT, Wang KC, Ryu SK, Kim SK. Transcerebellar biopsy of diffuse pontine gliomas in children: a technical note. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013;29(3):489\u2013493."},{"issue":"2 suppl","key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"108","article-title":"Brainstem stereotactic biopsy sampling in children","volume":"104","author":"Pincus DW","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pincus DW, Richter EO, Yachnis AT, Bennett J, Bhatti MT, Smith A. Brainstem stereotactic biopsy sampling in children. J Neurosurg. 2006;104(2 suppl):108\u2013114."},{"issue":"1 suppl","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stereotactic biopsy of diffuse pontine lesions in children","volume":"107","author":"Roujeau T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Roujeau T, Machado G, Garnett MR,  Stereotactic biopsy of diffuse pontine lesions in children. J Neurosurg. 2007;107(1 suppl):1\u20134."},{"issue":"5","key":"b20","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Phase I trial of DNX-2401 for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma newly diagnosed in pediatric patients","volume":"83","author":"Tejada S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tejada S, Alonso M, Pati\u00f1o A, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C, Diez-Valle R. Phase I trial of DNX-2401 for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma newly diagnosed in pediatric patients. Neurosurgery. 2018;83(5):1050\u20131056."},{"issue":"1","key":"b21","series-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer","first-page":"163","article-title":"Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma biopsy: a single institution experience","volume":"62","author":"Wang ZJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang ZJ, Rao L, Bhambhani K,  Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma biopsy: a single institution experience. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015;62(1):163\u2013165."},{"issue":"1","key":"b22","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"107","article-title":"Frameless robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy: an effective and minimally invasive technique for pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas","volume":"160","author":"Wang M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhang Y, Shi W, Zhu R, Li H, Zhao R. Frameless robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy: an effective and minimally invasive technique for pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. J Neurooncol. 2022;160(1):107\u2013114."},{"issue":"2","key":"b23","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"235","article-title":"Computer-directed stereotactic biopsy of intrinsic brain stem lesions","volume":"2","author":"Thomas DG","year":"1988","unstructured":"Thomas DG, Bradford R, Gill S, Davis CH. Computer-directed stereotactic biopsy of intrinsic brain stem lesions. Br J Neurosurg. 1988;2(2):235\u2013240."},{"issue":"1","key":"b24","series-title":"Ital J Neurol Sci","first-page":"17","article-title":"Stereotactic approach to intracranial lesions","volume":"13","author":"Lo Russo G","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lo Russo G, Munari C, Betti OO,  Stereotactic approach to intracranial lesions. Ital J Neurol Sci. 1992;13(1):17\u201344."},{"issue":"3","key":"b25","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"261","article-title":"Update on the diagnostic value and safety of stereotactic biopsy for pediatric brainstem tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 735 cases","volume":"20","author":"Hamisch C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamisch C, Kickingereder P, Fischer M, Simon T, Ruge MI. Update on the diagnostic value and safety of stereotactic biopsy for pediatric brainstem tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 735 cases. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2017;20(3):261\u2013268."},{"issue":"2","key":"b26","series-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res","first-page":"160","article-title":"The six syndromes of the sixth cranial nerve","volume":"8","author":"Azarmina M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Azarmina M, Azarmina H. The six syndromes of the sixth cranial nerve. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2013;8(2):160\u2013171."},{"issue":"10","key":"b27","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"1773","article-title":"Biopsy in a series of 130 pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas","volume":"31","author":"Puget S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Puget S, Beccaria K, Blauwblomme T,  Biopsy in a series of 130 pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Childs Nerv Syst. 2015;31(10):1773\u20131780."},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"b28","series-title":"Mov Disord","first-page":"S22","article-title":"Brainstem motor loops in the control of movement","volume":"17","author":"Nandi D","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nandi D, Aziz TZ, Liu X, Stein JF. Brainstem motor loops in the control of movement. Mov Disord. 2002;17(suppl 3):S22\u2013S27."},{"issue":"4","key":"b29","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"705","article-title":"Biopsy in diffuse pontine gliomas: expert neurosurgeon opinion\u2014a survey from the SIOPE brain tumor group","volume":"36","author":"Tejada S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tejada S, Aquilina K, Goodden J,  Biopsy in diffuse pontine gliomas: expert neurosurgeon opinion\u2014a survey from the SIOPE brain tumor group. Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(4):705\u2013711."},{"issue":"4","key":"b30","series-title":"Nat Med","first-page":"483","article-title":"EZH2 is a potential therapeutic target for H3K27M-mutant pediatric gliomas","volume":"23","author":"Mohammad F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mohammad F, Weissmann S, Leblanc B,  EZH2 is a potential therapeutic target for H3K27M-mutant pediatric gliomas. Nat Med. 2017;23(4):483\u2013492."},{"issue":"5","key":"b31","series-title":"Cancer Sci","first-page":"629","article-title":"Functions of cyclin D1 as an oncogene and regulation of cyclin D1 expression","volume":"98","author":"Tashiro E","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tashiro E, Tsuchiya A, Imoto M. Functions of cyclin D1 as an oncogene and regulation of cyclin D1 expression. Cancer Sci. 2007;98(5):629\u2013635."},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"237","article-title":"DIPG in children\u2014what can we learn from the past?","volume":"5","author":"Vanan MI","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vanan MI, Eisenstat DD. DIPG in children\u2014what can we learn from the past? Front Oncol. 2015;5:237."},{"issue":"6","key":"b33","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"803","article-title":"The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary","volume":"131","author":"Louis DN","year":"2016","unstructured":"Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G,  The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131(6):803\u2013820."},{"issue":"3","key":"b34","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"308","article-title":"Impact of the H3K27M mutation on survival in pediatric high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Lu VM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lu VM, Alvi MA, McDonald KL, Daniels DJ. Impact of the H3K27M mutation on survival in pediatric high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018;23(3):308\u2013316."},{"issue":"5","key":"b35","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"593","article-title":"Liquid biopsy for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: an update","volume":"24","author":"Lu VM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu VM, Power EA, Zhang L, Daniels DJ. Liquid biopsy for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: an update. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2019;24(5):593\u2013600."},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"570465","article-title":"The era of radiogenomics in precision medicine: an emerging approach to support diagnosis, treatment decisions, and prognostication in oncology","volume":"10","author":"Shui L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shui L, Ren H, Yang X,  The era of radiogenomics in precision medicine: an emerging approach to support diagnosis, treatment decisions, and prognostication in oncology. Front Oncol. 2021;10:570465."},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book","first-page":"629","article-title":"Is biopsy safe in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma?","volume":"629-33","author":"Puget S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Puget S, Blauwblomme T, Grill J. Is biopsy safe in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma? Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2012;629-33:629\u2013633."},{"issue":"5","key":"b38","series-title":"Cancer Cell","first-page":"660","article-title":"Reduced H3K27me3 and DNA hypomethylation are major drivers of gene expression in K27M mutant pediatric high-grade gliomas","volume":"24","author":"Bender S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bender S, Tang Y, Lindroth AM,  Reduced H3K27me3 and DNA hypomethylation are major drivers of gene expression in K27M mutant pediatric high-grade gliomas. Cancer Cell. 2013;24(5):660\u2013672."},{"issue":"1","key":"b39","series-title":"Neurooncol Adv","first-page":"vdab096","article-title":"Inhibition of microglial EZH2 leads to anti-tumoral effects in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas","volume":"3","author":"Keane L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Keane L, Cheray M, Saidi D,  Inhibition of microglial EZH2 leads to anti-tumoral effects in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas. Neurooncol Adv. 2021;3(1):vdab096."},{"issue":"2","key":"b40","series-title":"Oncol Lett","first-page":"1989","article-title":"STAT3 is a key molecule in the oncogenic behavior of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"20","author":"Park J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park J, Lee W, Yun S,  STAT3 is a key molecule in the oncogenic behavior of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Oncol Lett. 2020;20(2):1989\u20131998."},{"issue":"5","key":"b41","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"2544","article-title":"Cyclin D1 is transcriptionally regulated by and required for transformation by activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3","volume":"66","author":"Leslie K","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leslie K, Lang C, Devgan G,  Cyclin D1 is transcriptionally regulated by and required for transformation by activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Cancer Res. 2006;66(5):2544\u20132552."},{"issue":"1","key":"b42","series-title":"Cell Rep","first-page":"107485","article-title":"Super elongation complex as a targetable dependency in diffuse midline glioma","volume":"31","author":"Dahl NA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dahl NA, Danis E, Balakrishnan I,  Super elongation complex as a targetable dependency in diffuse midline glioma. Cell Rep. 2020;31(1):107485."},{"issue":"1","key":"b43","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"97","article-title":"Pediatric and adult H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma treated with the selective DRD2 antagonist ONC201","volume":"145","author":"Chi AS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chi AS, Tarapore RS, Hall MD,  Pediatric and adult H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma treated with the selective DRD2 antagonist ONC201. J Neurooncol. 2019;145(1):97\u2013105."},{"issue":"22","key":"b44","series-title":"Clin Cancer Res","first-page":"5645","article-title":"MeLK inhibition in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"24","author":"Meel MH","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meel MH, de Gooijer MC, Guill\u00e9n Navarro M,  MeLK inhibition in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(22):5645\u20135657."},{"issue":"1","key":"b45","series-title":"BMC Cancer","first-page":"647","article-title":"Polo-like kinase 1 as a potential therapeutic target in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"16","author":"Amani V","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amani V, Prince EW, Alimova I,  Polo-like kinase 1 as a potential therapeutic target in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. BMC Cancer. 2016;16(1):647."},{"issue":"14","key":"b46","series-title":"Oncotarget","first-page":"12141","article-title":"The emerging role of NG2 in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"6","author":"Yadavilli S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yadavilli S, Scafidi J, Becher OJ,  The emerging role of NG2 in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Oncotarget. 2015;6(14):12141\u201312155."},{"issue":"3","key":"b47","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"333","article-title":"Phase I trial of convection-enhanced delivery of IL13-Pseudomonas toxin in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma","volume":"23","author":"Heiss JD","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heiss JD, Jamshidi A, Shah S,  Phase I trial of convection-enhanced delivery of IL13-Pseudomonas toxin in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018;23(3):333\u2013342."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/32\/6\/article-p665.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/32\/6\/article-p665.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/32\/6\/article-p665.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T12:59:15Z","timestamp":1733489955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/32\/6\/article-p665.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2023.7.peds22462","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]}}}