{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:57:57Z","timestamp":1785333477676,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric hydrocephalus requires evaluation while accounting for growth of the intracranial structures, but information on choroid plexus growth in children is lacking. This study aimed to create normal growth curves for intracranial volume, choroid plexus volume, and lateral ventricles volume. Additionally, the authors aimed to objectively assess the degree of hydrocephalus caused by choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH) and to examine the impact of surgical procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study analyzed the head CT scans of pediatric patients with minor head trauma treated at Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital between March 2006 and May 2023. The study segmented and calculated intracranial, choroid plexus, and lateral ventricles volumes. The study also calculated the correlation coefficients among these 3 parameters. Patients aged 0 to 10 years were divided into 15 age-related clusters, and mean \u00b1 SD values were calculated for each cluster. Growth curves were created by plotting mean values sequentially. Volume obtained from patients with CPH were z-normalized using mean and SD values and compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 229 CT scans (94 from females) were analyzed, and positive correlations were observed among intracranial volume, choroid plexus volume, and lateral ventricles volume, with the strongest correlation between the choroid plexus and lateral ventricles volumes. The growth rate of intracranial volume was rapid until approximately 20 months of age, while those of choroid plexus volume and lateral ventricles volume increased rapidly until approximately 1 year of age. Subsequently, choroid plexus volume and lateral ventricles volume plateaued at 1.5 ml and 10 ml, respectively. Three patients with CPH were enrolled and quantitatively evaluated on the basis of the z-normalized volume. Notable abnormal volumes of the choroid plexus (range z-normalized values 24.11\u201351.17) and lateral ventricles (46.78\u2013122.36) were observed. In 2 patients, improvements in the z-normalized values of intracranial volume and lateral ventricles volume were observed after surgical interventions. Additionally, in 1 patient, choroid plexus volume was reduced by approximately 24% (range z-normalized values 51.17\u201338.93) after bilateral endoscopic plexus coagulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides normal growth curves for intracranial volume, choroid plexus volume, and lateral ventricles volume. Knowledge of these normal values holds the potential for objective assessment of abnormal values associated with hydrocephalus and choroid plexus diseases such as CPH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.7.peds23218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T01:15:38Z","timestamp":1694222138000},"page":"627-637","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Normal growth curve of choroid plexus in children: implications for assessing hydrocephalus due to choroid plexus hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Diagnosis and Restoration, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Takemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Nishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gento","family":"Moriguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuyoshi","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Global hydrocephalus epidemiology and incidence: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Dewan MC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dewan MC, Rattani A, Mekary R,  Global hydrocephalus epidemiology and incidence: systematic review and meta-analysis. 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