{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:05:04Z","timestamp":1782864304219,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Anterior cervical foraminotomy (ACF) is an alternative surgical option for the treatment of refractory unilateral radiculopathy due to disc herniation or spondylosis. The efficacy and adverse event rate in experienced practitioners are comparable to those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, total disc arthroplasty, and posterior foraminotomy. However, this technique has not been widely adopted, likely because of the proximity of the working zone and the vertebral artery. The authors present a detailed operative video of a patient successfully treated with an ACF. They also present a review of the ACF literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The video can be found here:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/stream.cadmore.media\/r10.3171\/2024.1.FOCVID23196\">https:\/\/stream.cadmore.media\/r10.3171\/2024.1.FOCVID23196<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.1.focvid23196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T03:00:43Z","timestamp":1711940443000},"page":"V5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Minimally invasive anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radiculopathy"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Duncan J.","family":"Trimble","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dallas L.","family":"Sheinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Cochran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas; and"},{"name":"Memorial Hermann Southwest Hospital, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5 suppl","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"S46","article-title":"Anterior microforaminotomy for treatment of cervical radiculopathy: part 1\u2014disc-preserving \"functional cervical disc surgery\"","volume":"51","author":"Jho HD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jho HD, Kim WK, Kim MH. Anterior microforaminotomy for treatment of cervical radiculopathy: part 1\u2014disc-preserving \"functional cervical disc surgery\". Neurosurgery. 2002;51(5 suppl):S46\u2013S53."},{"issue":"5","key":"b2","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"673","article-title":"Transtubular anterior cervical foraminotomy for the treatment of compressive cervical radiculopathy: surgical results and complications in a consecutive series of cases","volume":"15","author":"Maduri R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maduri R, Cossu G, Aureli V, W\u00fcthrich SP, Bobinski L, Duff JM. Transtubular anterior cervical foraminotomy for the treatment of compressive cervical radiculopathy: surgical results and complications in a consecutive series of cases. Asian Spine J. 2021;15(5):673\u2013681."},{"issue":"2 suppl","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"126","article-title":"Failed anterior cervical foraminotomy","volume":"98","author":"Hacker RJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hacker RJ, Miller CG. Failed anterior cervical foraminotomy. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(2 suppl):126\u2013130."},{"issue":"3","key":"b4","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"679","article-title":"Minimally invasive anterior foraminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: how I do it","volume":"162","author":"Maduri R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maduri R, Bobinski L, Duff JM. Minimally invasive anterior foraminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2020;162(3):679\u2013683."},{"issue":"2","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"155","article-title":"Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy for radiculopathy: a new approach to cervical disc herniation","volume":"84","author":"Jho HD","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jho HD. Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy for radiculopathy: a new approach to cervical disc herniation. J Neurosurg. 1996;84(2):155\u2013160."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"685","article-title":"Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy (uncoforaminotomy) for unilateral radiculopathy: clinical results of a new technique","volume":"144","author":"Saringer W","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saringer W, N\u00f6bauer I, Reddy M, Tschabitscher M, Horaczek A. Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy (uncoforaminotomy) for unilateral radiculopathy: clinical results of a new technique. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002;144(7):685\u2013694."},{"issue":"21","key":"b7","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1676)","first-page":"1812","article-title":"Clinical and radiological long-term outcomes of anterior microforaminotomy of cervical degenerative disease","volume":"38","author":"Kim MH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim MH. Clinical and radiological long-term outcomes of anterior microforaminotomy of cervical degenerative disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1676). 2013;38(21):1812\u20131819."},{"issue":"9","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1387","article-title":"Modified transcorporeal anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: a technical note and early results","volume":"16","author":"Choi G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi G, Lee SH, Bhanot A, Chae YS, Jung B, Lee S. Modified transcorporeal anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: a technical note and early results. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(9):1387\u20131393."},{"issue":"8","key":"b9","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"905","article-title":"Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radicular disease","volume":"25","author":"Johnson JP","year":"2000","unstructured":"Johnson JP, Filler AG, McBride DQ, Batzdorf U. Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radicular disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(8):905\u2013909."},{"issue":"12","key":"b10","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"2884","article-title":"Transvertebral anterior cervical foraminotomy: midterm outcomes of clinical and radiological assessments including the finite element method","volume":"22","author":"Umebayashi D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Umebayashi D, Hara M, Nakajima Y, Nishimura Y, Wakabayashi T. Transvertebral anterior cervical foraminotomy: midterm outcomes of clinical and radiological assessments including the finite element method. Eur Spine J. 2013;22(12):2884\u20132890."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","first-page":"186","article-title":"Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral spondylotic radiculopathy","volume":"47","author":"Ko\u00e7 RK","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ko\u00e7 RK, Menk\u00fc A, Tucer B, G\u00f6\u00e7mez C, Akdemir H. Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral spondylotic radiculopathy. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2004;47(3):186\u2013189."},{"issue":"3","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","article-title":"Posterior foraminotomy versus anterior decompression and fusion in patients with cervical degenerative disc disease with radiculopathy: up to 5 years of outcome from the national Swedish Spine Register","volume":"32","author":"MacDowall A","year":"2020","unstructured":"MacDowall A, Heary RF, Holy M, Lindhagen L, Olerud C. Posterior foraminotomy versus anterior decompression and fusion in patients with cervical degenerative disc disease with radiculopathy: up to 5 years of outcome from the national Swedish Spine Register. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020;32(3):"},{"issue":"5 suppl","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"S46","article-title":"Anterior microforaminotomy for treatment of cervical radiculopathy: part 1\u2014disc-preserving \"functional cervical disc surgery\"","volume":"51","author":"Jho HD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jho HD, Kim WK, Kim MH. Anterior microforaminotomy for treatment of cervical radiculopathy: part 1\u2014disc-preserving \"functional cervical disc surgery\". Neurosurgery. 2002;51(5 suppl):S46\u2013S53."},{"issue":"5","key":"b2","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"673","article-title":"Transtubular anterior cervical foraminotomy for the treatment of compressive cervical radiculopathy: surgical results and complications in a consecutive series of cases","volume":"15","author":"Maduri R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maduri R, Cossu G, Aureli V, W\u00fcthrich SP, Bobinski L, Duff JM. Transtubular anterior cervical foraminotomy for the treatment of compressive cervical radiculopathy: surgical results and complications in a consecutive series of cases. Asian Spine J. 2021;15(5):673\u2013681."},{"issue":"2 suppl","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"126","article-title":"Failed anterior cervical foraminotomy","volume":"98","author":"Hacker RJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hacker RJ, Miller CG. Failed anterior cervical foraminotomy. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(2 suppl):126\u2013130."},{"issue":"3","key":"b4","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"679","article-title":"Minimally invasive anterior foraminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: how I do it","volume":"162","author":"Maduri R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maduri R, Bobinski L, Duff JM. Minimally invasive anterior foraminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2020;162(3):679\u2013683."},{"issue":"2","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"155","article-title":"Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy for radiculopathy: a new approach to cervical disc herniation","volume":"84","author":"Jho HD","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jho HD. Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy for radiculopathy: a new approach to cervical disc herniation. J Neurosurg. 1996;84(2):155\u2013160."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"685","article-title":"Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy (uncoforaminotomy) for unilateral radiculopathy: clinical results of a new technique","volume":"144","author":"Saringer W","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saringer W, N\u00f6bauer I, Reddy M, Tschabitscher M, Horaczek A. Microsurgical anterior cervical foraminotomy (uncoforaminotomy) for unilateral radiculopathy: clinical results of a new technique. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002;144(7):685\u2013694."},{"issue":"21","key":"b7","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1676)","first-page":"1812","article-title":"Clinical and radiological long-term outcomes of anterior microforaminotomy of cervical degenerative disease","volume":"38","author":"Kim MH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim MH. Clinical and radiological long-term outcomes of anterior microforaminotomy of cervical degenerative disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1676). 2013;38(21):1812\u20131819."},{"issue":"9","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1387","article-title":"Modified transcorporeal anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: a technical note and early results","volume":"16","author":"Choi G","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi G, Lee SH, Bhanot A, Chae YS, Jung B, Lee S. Modified transcorporeal anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy: a technical note and early results. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(9):1387\u20131393."},{"issue":"8","key":"b9","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"905","article-title":"Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radicular disease","volume":"25","author":"Johnson JP","year":"2000","unstructured":"Johnson JP, Filler AG, McBride DQ, Batzdorf U. Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radicular disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(8):905\u2013909."},{"issue":"12","key":"b10","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"2884","article-title":"Transvertebral anterior cervical foraminotomy: midterm outcomes of clinical and radiological assessments including the finite element method","volume":"22","author":"Umebayashi D","year":"2013","unstructured":"Umebayashi D, Hara M, Nakajima Y, Nishimura Y, Wakabayashi T. Transvertebral anterior cervical foraminotomy: midterm outcomes of clinical and radiological assessments including the finite element method. Eur Spine J. 2013;22(12):2884\u20132890."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","first-page":"186","article-title":"Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral spondylotic radiculopathy","volume":"47","author":"Ko\u00e7 RK","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ko\u00e7 RK, Menk\u00fc A, Tucer B, G\u00f6\u00e7mez C, Akdemir H. Anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral spondylotic radiculopathy. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2004;47(3):186\u2013189."},{"issue":"3","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","article-title":"Posterior foraminotomy versus anterior decompression and fusion in patients with cervical degenerative disc disease with radiculopathy: up to 5 years of outcome from the national Swedish Spine Register","volume":"32","author":"MacDowall A","year":"2020","unstructured":"MacDowall A, Heary RF, Holy M, Lindhagen L, Olerud C. Posterior foraminotomy versus anterior decompression and fusion in patients with cervical degenerative disc disease with radiculopathy: up to 5 years of outcome from the national Swedish Spine Register. 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