{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:04:03Z","timestamp":1788386643169,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Psammomatous meningiomas (PMs) are a rare histological subtype of meningioma but are rather frequent in spinal meningiomas. The authors aimed to analyze the incidence, clinical features, molecular alterations, long-term outcomes, and prognostic factors of PMs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In total, 151 patients with PMs were included in this study. Clinical characteristics, molecular alterations, and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed in PMs. Clinical characteristics were compared between PMs and other WHO grade 1 meningiomas. Targeted sequencing of meningioma-relevant genes was performed to determine the molecular alterations in PMs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PMs accounted for 1.34% of all meningiomas. Clinically, spinal location (p &lt; 0.001) and female predominance (p &lt; 0.001) were statistically significant in PMs when compared with the other grade 1 subtypes. Radiologically, calcification was frequently found in PMs (88.24%). Genetically, <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> was the most frequently mutated gene in PMs (59.7%), followed by <jats:italic>TRAF7<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>AKT1<\/jats:italic>. Ten patients experienced recurrence during the long-term follow-up. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age (p = 0.009), extent of resection (p &lt; 0.001), Ki-67 index (p = 0.007), and <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> status (p &lt; 0.001) were independent prognostic factors in the cohort of PMs. Interestingly, <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> mutation was detected in all (48\/48) spinal PMs (SPMs) but in only 38.46% (35\/91) of cranial PMs (CPMs), revealing a significant difference (p &lt; 0.001). The mean Ki-67 index (p = 0.044) and proportion of PMs with PR-positive expression (p = 0.048) were significantly higher in SPMs than in CPMs. The frequent <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> mutations are associated with spinal location predominance and worse PFS in PMs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Female sex and spinal location predominance were statistically significant in PMs. <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> mutation was an independent predictor for worse PFS of PMs. Of note, <jats:italic>NF2<\/jats:italic> mutation was detected in all SPMs but in only 38.46% of CPMs, revealing a significant difference.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.1.jns232450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,30]],"date-time":"2024-03-30T02:09:49Z","timestamp":1711764589000},"page":"593-601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of frequent NF2 mutations with spinal location predominance and worse outcomes in psammomatous meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Leihao","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxiu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Wakimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"},{"name":"Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyang","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"b1","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"iv1","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020","volume":"25","author":"Ostrom QT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ostrom QT, Price M, Neff C,  CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020. 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