{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T09:01:28Z","timestamp":1780736488253,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with a history of surgery for single-suture craniosynostosis (SSC) as an infant often wish to participate in sports later in childhood. However, there are no established guidelines from neurosurgeons and craniofacial surgeons to guide parents in which sports their child should or should not participate. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and practice patterns of experienced neurosurgeons and craniofacial surgeons regarding the counseling of caregivers of these patients about sports participation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A survey was administered to neurosurgeons and craniofacial plastic surgeons of the Synostosis Research Group (SynRG), a group of 9 North American institutions, to identify attitudes toward sports participation in patients with past SSC surgery. Survey responses were collected anonymously in REDCap. Questions regarding specific sports participation recommendations for patients who underwent surgery as an infant for SSC with ideal healing and for those who required a delayed cranioplasty were answered. Questions pertained to patients with nonsyndromic SSC without associated Chiari malformation, syrinx, or other intracranial\/intraspinal anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 20 surgeons were invited to participate in the survey, with 18 (90%) (9 neurosurgeons and 9 craniofacial plastic surgeons) fully completing it. Only 1 (5.6%) surgeon counseled against any sports participation for patients with ideal healing. If cranioplasty was required, 39%\u201350% of surgeons counseled against some participation (most commonly restricting football\/rugby, boxing, ice hockey, lacrosse, and wrestling), depending on the extent of the cranioplasty. Overall, more plastic surgeons (56%\u201367%) counseled against sports participation (including lower-contact sports such as baseball\/softball, basketball, gymnastics, and soccer) than neurosurgeons (22%\u201333%) in patients who required cranioplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SynRG surgeons generally did not counsel against sports participation (including contact sports) for children with a history of SSC surgery as an infant who had ideal healing. In patients requiring cranioplasty, 39%\u201350% of surgeons recommended against high-contact sports participation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.10.focus24569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T01:12:59Z","timestamp":1735693979000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sports after single-suture synostosis surgery: a survey of Synostosis Research Group members"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Bonfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allyson L.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig B.","family":"Birgfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Couture","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa R.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbu","family":"Gociman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plastic Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Golinko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R. W.","family":"Kestle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh N.","family":"Magge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian F.","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Alex","family":"Rottgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children\u2019s Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Runyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins All Children\u2019s Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Vyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Corbett","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary B.","family":"Skolnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Strahle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Med Genet A","first-page":"984","article-title":"A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989-2003","volume":"146A","author":"Boulet SL","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boulet SL, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA. A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989-2003. Am J Med Genet A. 2008;146A(8):984-991."},{"issue":"8","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"2526","article-title":"The impact of ethnicity on craniosynostosis in the United States","volume":"30","author":"Sacks GN","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sacks GN, Skolnick GB, Trachtenberg A,  The impact of ethnicity on craniosynostosis in the United States. J Craniofac Surg. 2019;30(8):2526\u20132529."},{"issue":"4","key":"b3","series-title":"Eur J Hum Genet","first-page":"369","article-title":"Craniosynostosis","volume":"19","author":"Johnson D","year":"2011","unstructured":"Johnson D, Wilkie AOM. Craniosynostosis. Eur J Hum Genet. 2011;19(4):369\u2013376."},{"issue":"3","key":"b4","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"968","article-title":"Endoscopic versus open repair for craniosynostosis in infants using propensity score matching to compare outcomes: a multicenter study from the Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group","volume":"126","author":"Thompson DR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson DR, Zurakowski D, Haberkern CM,  Endoscopic versus open repair for craniosynostosis in infants using propensity score matching to compare outcomes: a multicenter study from the Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(3):968\u2013975."},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"649","article-title":"Age at time of craniosynostosis repair predicts increased complication rate","volume":"55","author":"Bruce WJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bruce WJ, Chang V, Joyce CJ, Cobb AN, Maduekwe UI, Patel PA. Age at time of craniosynostosis repair predicts increased complication rate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55(5):649\u2013654."},{"issue":"4","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E15","article-title":"Sport participation and related head injuries following craniosynostosis correction: a survey study","volume":"50","author":"Yengo-Kahn AM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yengo-Kahn AM, Akinnusotu O, Wiseman AL. Sport participation and related head injuries following craniosynostosis correction: a survey study. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(4):E15."},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"1284","article-title":"Does the incidence of traumatic brain injury in children increase after craniofrontal surgery?","volume":"22","author":"Gilardino MS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gilardino MS, Jandali S, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP. Does the incidence of traumatic brain injury in children increase after craniofrontal surgery? J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(4):1284\u20131286."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"287","article-title":"Sporting activity after craniosynostosis surgery in children: a source of parental anxiety","volume":"37","author":"Rotimi O","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rotimi O, Jung GP, Ong J, Jeelani NUO, Dunaway DJ, James G. Sporting activity after craniosynostosis surgery in children: a source of parental anxiety. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021;37(1):287\u2013290."},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Management of sagittal synostosis in the Synostosis Research Group: baseline data and early outcomes","volume":"50","author":"Baker CM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baker CM, Ravindra VM, Gociman B,  Management of sagittal synostosis in the Synostosis Research Group: baseline data and early outcomes. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(4):E3."},{"issue":"6","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E495","article-title":"Sport-related structural brain injury and return to play: systematic review and expert insight","volume":"88","author":"Zuckerman SL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zuckerman SL, Yengo-Kahn AM, Tang AR,  Sport-related structural brain injury and return to play: systematic review and expert insight. Neurosurgery. 2021;88(6):E495\u2013E504."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"b11","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"485","article-title":"Return to play for neurosurgical patients","volume":"82","author":"Saigal R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saigal R, Batjer HH, Ellenbogen RG, Berger MS. Return to play for neurosurgical patients. World Neurosurg. 2014;82(3-4):485\u2013491."},{"issue":"8","key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Med Genet A","first-page":"984","article-title":"A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989-2003","volume":"146A","author":"Boulet SL","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boulet SL, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA. A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989-2003. Am J Med Genet A. 2008;146A(8):984-991."},{"issue":"8","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"2526","article-title":"The impact of ethnicity on craniosynostosis in the United States","volume":"30","author":"Sacks GN","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sacks GN, Skolnick GB, Trachtenberg A,  The impact of ethnicity on craniosynostosis in the United States. J Craniofac Surg. 2019;30(8):2526\u20132529."},{"issue":"4","key":"b3","series-title":"Eur J Hum Genet","first-page":"369","article-title":"Craniosynostosis","volume":"19","author":"Johnson D","year":"2011","unstructured":"Johnson D, Wilkie AOM. Craniosynostosis. Eur J Hum Genet. 2011;19(4):369\u2013376."},{"issue":"3","key":"b4","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"968","article-title":"Endoscopic versus open repair for craniosynostosis in infants using propensity score matching to compare outcomes: a multicenter study from the Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group","volume":"126","author":"Thompson DR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson DR, Zurakowski D, Haberkern CM,  Endoscopic versus open repair for craniosynostosis in infants using propensity score matching to compare outcomes: a multicenter study from the Pediatric Craniofacial Collaborative Group. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(3):968\u2013975."},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"649","article-title":"Age at time of craniosynostosis repair predicts increased complication rate","volume":"55","author":"Bruce WJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bruce WJ, Chang V, Joyce CJ, Cobb AN, Maduekwe UI, Patel PA. Age at time of craniosynostosis repair predicts increased complication rate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55(5):649\u2013654."},{"issue":"4","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E15","article-title":"Sport participation and related head injuries following craniosynostosis correction: a survey study","volume":"50","author":"Yengo-Kahn AM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yengo-Kahn AM, Akinnusotu O, Wiseman AL. Sport participation and related head injuries following craniosynostosis correction: a survey study. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(4):E15."},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"1284","article-title":"Does the incidence of traumatic brain injury in children increase after craniofrontal surgery?","volume":"22","author":"Gilardino MS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gilardino MS, Jandali S, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP. Does the incidence of traumatic brain injury in children increase after craniofrontal surgery? J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(4):1284\u20131286."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"287","article-title":"Sporting activity after craniosynostosis surgery in children: a source of parental anxiety","volume":"37","author":"Rotimi O","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rotimi O, Jung GP, Ong J, Jeelani NUO, Dunaway DJ, James G. Sporting activity after craniosynostosis surgery in children: a source of parental anxiety. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021;37(1):287\u2013290."},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Management of sagittal synostosis in the Synostosis Research Group: baseline data and early outcomes","volume":"50","author":"Baker CM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baker CM, Ravindra VM, Gociman B,  Management of sagittal synostosis in the Synostosis Research Group: baseline data and early outcomes. Neurosurg Focus. 2021;50(4):E3."},{"issue":"6","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E495","article-title":"Sport-related structural brain injury and return to play: systematic review and expert insight","volume":"88","author":"Zuckerman SL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zuckerman SL, Yengo-Kahn AM, Tang AR,  Sport-related structural brain injury and return to play: systematic review and expert insight. Neurosurgery. 2021;88(6):E495\u2013E504."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"b11","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"485","article-title":"Return to play for neurosurgical patients","volume":"82","author":"Saigal R","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saigal R, Batjer HH, Ellenbogen RG, Berger MS. Return to play for neurosurgical patients. 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