{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T01:27:10Z","timestamp":1786757230875,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The term \"sagittal stratum\" was coined by Heinrich Sachs in 1892 to define a parasagittally oriented white matter layer at the temporo-occipital cortex. Although this term has been widely used for more than 100 years, the description, classification, borders, and involved fibers of the structure vary among authors and remain imprecise. Through fiber microdissection and tractography, the authors aimed to define the sagittal stratum and resolve the uncertainty by revealing the relationship of this structure to other cerebral white matter pathways and the orientation of fibers in it.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Twenty postmortem human cerebral hemispheres were prepared according to Klingler\u2019s method. Fiber dissections were performed under a surgical microscope and with microsurgical techniques. The results of dissection at each step were photographed with 2D and 3D imaging techniques, and 3D photogrammetry techniques were used to create a 360\u00b0 model. Diffusion tensor imaging and 7T high-resolution MRI were used to confirm the findings.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study revisited the 3D organization of white matter tracts in the sagittal stratum through fiber microdissection and tractography. The microneuroanatomical structure of the sagittal stratum and its special organization with fibers from all three fiber systems are demonstrated. The authors\u2019 findings revealed that the sagittal stratum has two layers consisting of four different fiber tracts. Its external layer consists of a long association fiber and a commissural fiber, while its internal layer consists of intertwined projection fibers, including temporo-parieto-occipitopontine fibers and the posterior thalamic peduncle. Detailed microdissection also showed the location of the posterior thalamic peduncle in the most medial site of all posterior hemispheric projection fibers.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The structure of the sagittal stratum is distinctive in that it contains all three main fiber systems: association, commissural, and projection. Because of its expansive location in the temporal and occipital lobes, it can be damaged by most neurosurgical pathologies and procedures. The authors emphasize the significance of preserving the sagittal stratum during surgical interventions while also challenging the notion of a \"silent\" brain, suggesting that the current inability to fully comprehend cerebral function contributes to this misconception. Detailed knowledge of the complex white matter anatomy of the sagittal stratum can guide neurosurgeons in surgical planning and the selection of appropriate surgical approaches with intraoperative orientation for safe surgery and less comorbidity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.2.jns232671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T02:09:30Z","timestamp":1717207770000},"page":"1433-1446","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Revisiting the microsurgical anatomy of the sagittal stratum and surgical implications: fiber microdissection and tractography study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Beste","family":"G\u00fclsuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye;"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abuzer","family":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u0131nar","family":"Yazgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6kberk","family":"Erol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Elmadag State Hospital, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik H.","family":"Middlebrooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alp \u00d6zg\u00fcn","family":"B\u00f6rcek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang J.","family":"Weninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U\u011fur","family":"T\u00fcre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Cortex","first-page":"40","article-title":"Revealing the confusion of the evolution of the term sagittal stratum. Historical overview and systematic literature review","volume":"171","author":"Gulsuna B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gulsuna B, G\u00fcng\u00f6r A, B\u00f6rcek AO, T\u00fcre U. Revealing the confusion of the evolution of the term sagittal stratum. Historical overview and systematic literature review. Cortex. 2024;171:40\u201359."},{"key":"b2","article-title":"Fiber Pathways of the Brain","author":"Schmahmann JD","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN. Fiber Pathways of the Brain. Oxford University Press; 2006."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Brain Struct Funct","first-page":"425","article-title":"New insights into the anatomo-functional architecture of the right sagittal stratum and its surrounding pathways: an axonal electrostimulation mapping study","volume":"226","author":"Berro DH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berro DH, Herbet G, Duffau H. New insights into the anatomo-functional architecture of the right sagittal stratum and its surrounding pathways: an axonal electrostimulation mapping study. Brain Struct Funct. 2021;226(2):425\u2013441."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"Brain Struct Funct","first-page":"1331","article-title":"Additional fiber orientations in the sagittal stratum-noise or anatomical fine structure?","volume":"227","author":"Caspers S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Caspers S, Axer M, Gr\u00e4\u00dfel D, Amunts K. Additional fiber orientations in the sagittal stratum-noise or anatomical fine structure? Brain Struct Funct. 2022;227(4):1331\u20131345."},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1214","article-title":"Composition and organization of the sagittal stratum in the human brain: a fiber dissection study","volume":"135","author":"Maldonado IL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maldonado IL, Destrieux C, Ribas EC, Siqueira de Abreu Brito Guimar\u00e3es B, Cruz PP, Duffau H. Composition and organization of the sagittal stratum in the human brain: a fiber dissection study. J Neurosurg. 2021;135(4):1214\u20131222."},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Functional Anatomy of the Brain: A View From the Surgeon\u2019s Eye","first-page":"53","article-title":"Impact of white matter dissection in microneurosurgical procedures","author":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r A","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r A, Gurses ME, Demirta\u015f OK, Rahmanov S, T\u00fcre U. Impact of white matter dissection in microneurosurgical procedures. In: Shah A, Goel A, Kato Y, eds. Functional Anatomy of the Brain: A View From the Surgeon\u2019s Eye. Springer Singapore; 2023:53\u201386."},{"issue":"11","key":"b7","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"2319","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the sagittal stratum","volume":"161","author":"Di Carlo DT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Carlo DT, Benedetto N, Duffau H,  Microsurgical anatomy of the sagittal stratum. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019;161(11):2319\u20132327."},{"issue":"5","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1069","article-title":"Awake mapping for low-grade gliomas involving the left sagittal stratum: anatomofunctional and surgical considerations","volume":"120","author":"Chan-Seng E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chan-Seng E, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H. Awake mapping for low-grade gliomas involving the left sagittal stratum: anatomofunctional and surgical considerations. J Neurosurg. 2014;120(5):1069\u20131077."},{"issue":"5","key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Neurol","first-page":"473","article-title":"Destruction of the internal sagittal stratum and normal smooth pursuit","volume":"4","author":"Sharpe JA","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sharpe JA, Deck JHN. Destruction of the internal sagittal stratum and normal smooth pursuit. Ann Neurol. 1978;4(5):473\u2013476."},{"issue":"4","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"773","article-title":"The paramedian supracerebellar-transtentorial approach to the entire length of the mediobasal temporal region: an anatomical and clinical study. Laboratory investigation","volume":"116","author":"T\u00fcre U","year":"2012","unstructured":"T\u00fcre U, Harput MV, Kaya AH,  The paramedian supracerebellar-transtentorial approach to the entire length of the mediobasal temporal region: an anatomical and clinical study. Laboratory investigation. J Neurosurg. 2012;116(4):773\u2013791."},{"issue":"2","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"1663","article-title":"The posterior interhemispheric transparieto-occipital fissure approach to the atrium of the lateral ventricle: a fiber microdissection study with case series","volume":"45","author":"Panteli A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Panteli A, G\u00fcng\u00f6r A, F\u0131rat Z, Sar\u0131tepe F, T\u00fcre H, T\u00fcre U. The posterior interhemispheric transparieto-occipital fissure approach to the atrium of the lateral ventricle: a fiber microdissection study with case series. Neurosurg Rev. 2022;45(2):1663\u20131674."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Treatment Options","article-title":"CNS Tumors: Surgical Anatomy, Neuropathology, Neuroradiology, Neurophysiology, Clinical Considerations, Operability,","volume":"Vol 4A","author":"Ya\u015fargil MG","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ya\u015fargil MG. CNS Tumors: Surgical Anatomy, Neuropathology, Neuroradiology, Neurophysiology, Clinical Considerations, Operability,. Treatment Options. Vol 4A. 1st ed. Thieme Medical Publishers; 1994."},{"issue":"2","key":"b13","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"189","article-title":"Microsurgical and tractographic anatomical study of transtemporal-transchoroidal fissure approaches to the ambient cistern","volume":"20","author":"Egemen E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Egemen E, Celtikci P, Dogruel Y,  Microsurgical and tractographic anatomical study of transtemporal-transchoroidal fissure approaches to the ambient cistern. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2021;20(2):189\u2013197."},{"key":"b14","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e737","article-title":"Transcorticosubcortical approach for left posterior mediobasal temporal region gliomas: a case series and anatomic review of relevant white matter tracts","volume":"139","author":"Brown DA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown DA, Hanalioglu S, Chaichana K, Duffau H. Transcorticosubcortical approach for left posterior mediobasal temporal region gliomas: a case series and anatomic review of relevant white matter tracts. World Neurosurg. 2020;139:e737\u2013e747."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"J Neurosurg","article-title":"Intraventricular meningioma resection and visual outcomes","author":"Andrews JP","unstructured":"Andrews JP, Cummins DD, Morshed RA,  Intraventricular meningioma resection and visual outcomes. J Neurosurg. Published online September 22, 2023. doi: 10.3171\/2023.7.JNS23680"},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"417","article-title":"Fiber dissection technique: lateral aspect of the brain","volume":"47","author":"T\u00fcre U","year":"2000","unstructured":"T\u00fcre U, Ya\u015fargil MG, Friedman AH, Al-Mefty O. Fiber dissection technique: lateral aspect of the brain. Neurosurgery. 2000;47(2):417\u2013427."},{"issue":"5","key":"b17","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"355","article-title":"Three-dimensional modeling and augmented and virtual reality simulations of the white matter anatomy of the cerebrum","volume":"23","author":"Gurses ME","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gurses ME, Gungor A, G\u00f6kalp E,  Three-dimensional modeling and augmented and virtual reality simulations of the white matter anatomy of the cerebrum. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2022;23(5):355\u2013366."},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"b18","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"274","article-title":"Three-dimensional topographic fiber tract anatomy of the cerebrum","volume":"11","author":"Yagmurlu K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yagmurlu K, Vlasak AL, Rhoton AL Jr. Three-dimensional topographic fiber tract anatomy of the cerebrum. Neurosurgery. 2015;11(suppl 2):274-305."},{"issue":"6","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1263","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the inferior limiting insular sulcus and the temporal stem","volume":"122","author":"Ribas EC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ribas EC, Yagmurlu K, Wen HT, Rhoton AL Jr. Microsurgical anatomy of the inferior limiting insular sulcus and the temporal stem. J Neurosurg. 2015;122(6):1263\u20131273."},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1226","article-title":"Is there a superior occipitofrontal fasciculus? A microsurgical anatomic study","volume":"40","author":"T\u00fcre U","year":"1997","unstructured":"T\u00fcre U, Ya\u015fargil MG, Pait TG. Is there a superior occipitofrontal fasciculus? A microsurgical anatomic study. Neurosurgery. 1997;40(6):1226\u20131232."},{"issue":"6","key":"b21","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1253","article-title":"The anatomy of Meyer\u2019s loop revisited: changing the anatomical paradigm of the temporal loop based on evidence from fiber microdissection","volume":"122","author":"Goga C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goga C, T\u00fcre U. The anatomy of Meyer\u2019s loop revisited: changing the anatomical paradigm of the temporal loop based on evidence from fiber microdissection. J Neurosurg. 2015;122(6):1253\u20131262."},{"issue":"2 Suppl Operative","key":"b22","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"ons241","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior commissure: correlations with diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking and clinical relevance","volume":"69","author":"Peltier J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peltier J, Verclytte S, Delmaire C, Pruvo JP, Havet E, Le Gars D. Microsurgical anatomy of the anterior commissure: correlations with diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking and clinical relevance. Neurosurgery. 2011;69(2 Suppl Operative):ons241\u2013ons247."},{"issue":"3","key":"b23","series-title":"J Comp Neurol","first-page":"333","article-title":"The connections of the amygdala and of the anterior temporal cortex in the human brain","volume":"115","author":"Klingler J","year":"1960","unstructured":"Klingler J, Gloor P. The connections of the amygdala and of the anterior temporal cortex in the human brain. J Comp Neurol. 1960;115(3):333\u2013369."},{"issue":"5","key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"725","article-title":"Impact of temporal lobe surgery","volume":"101","author":"Ya\u015fargil MG","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ya\u015fargil MG, T\u00fcre U, Ya\u015fargil DCH. Impact of temporal lobe surgery. J Neurosurg. 2004;101(5):725\u2013738."},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Cortex","first-page":"182","article-title":"The white matter of the human cerebrum: part I. The occipital lobe by Heinrich Sachs","volume":"62","author":"Forkel SJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Forkel SJ, Mahmood S, Vergani F, Catani M. The white matter of the human cerebrum: part I. The occipital lobe by Heinrich Sachs. Cortex. 2015;62:182\u2013202."},{"key":"b26","article-title":"Das Hemispharenmark des menschlichen Grosshirns","author":"Sachs H","year":"1892","unstructured":"Sachs H, Wernicke C. Das Hemispharenmark des menschlichen Grosshirns. Verlag Von Georg Thieme; 1892."},{"issue":"6 suppl 3","key":"b27","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"989","article-title":"Three-dimensional microsurgical and tractographic anatomy of the white matter of the human brain","volume":"62","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Miranda JC","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Miranda JC, Rhoton AL Jr, \u00c1lvarez-Linera J, Kakizawa Y, Choi C, de Oliveira EP. Three-dimensional microsurgical and tractographic anatomy of the white matter of the human brain. Neurosurgery. 2008;62(6 suppl 3):989\u20131028."},{"issue":"3","key":"b28","series-title":"J Hist Neurosci","first-page":"237","article-title":"Cerebral white matter\u2014historical evolution of facts and notions concerning the organization of the fiber pathways of the brain","volume":"16","author":"Schmahmann JD","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN. Cerebral white matter\u2014historical evolution of facts and notions concerning the organization of the fiber pathways of the brain. J Hist Neurosci. 2007;16(3):237\u2013267."},{"issue":"3","key":"b29","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"945","article-title":"The white matter tracts of the cerebrum in ventricular surgery and hydrocephalus","volume":"126","author":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r A","year":"2017","unstructured":"G\u00fcng\u00f6r A, Baydin S, Middlebrooks EH, Tanriover N, Isler C, Rhoton AL Jr. The white matter tracts of the cerebrum in ventricular surgery and hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg. 2017;126(3):945\u2013971."},{"key":"b30","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"438","article-title":"Topographic classification of the thalamus surfaces related to microneurosurgery: a white matter fiber microdissection study","volume":"97","author":"Serra C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Serra C, T\u00fcre U, Krayenb\u00fchl N, \u015eeng\u00fcl G, Ya\u015fargil DCH, Ya\u015fargil MG. Topographic classification of the thalamus surfaces related to microneurosurgery: a white matter fiber microdissection study. World Neurosurg. 2017;97:438\u2013452."},{"issue":"2","key":"b31","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"458","article-title":"Microneurosurgical removal of thalamic lesions: surgical results and considerations from a large, single-surgeon consecutive series","volume":"135","author":"Serra C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Serra C, T\u00fcre H, Yalt\u0131r\u0131k CK, Harput MV, T\u00fcre U. Microneurosurgical removal of thalamic lesions: surgical results and considerations from a large, single-surgeon consecutive series. J Neurosurg. 2020;135(2):458\u2013468."},{"issue":"1","key":"b32","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"188","article-title":"Prevention of postoperative visual field defect after the occipital transtentorial approach: anatomical study","volume":"129","author":"Matsuo S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matsuo S, Baydin S, G\u00fcng\u00f6r A,  Prevention of postoperative visual field defect after the occipital transtentorial approach: anatomical study. J Neurosurg. 2018;129(1):188\u2013197."},{"key":"b33","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e478","article-title":"Comparison between transcortical and interhemispheric approaches to the atrium of lateral ventricle using combined white matter fiber dissections and magnetic resonance tractography","volume":"138","author":"Muftah Lahirish IA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Muftah Lahirish IA, Middlebrooks EH, Holanda VM,  Comparison between transcortical and interhemispheric approaches to the atrium of lateral ventricle using combined white matter fiber dissections and magnetic resonance tractography. World Neurosurg. 2020;138:e478\u2013e485."},{"key":"b34","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e365","article-title":"Three-dimensional anatomy of the anterior commissure: a tractography and anatomical study","volume":"159","author":"Baudo MC","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baudo MC, Colombo EE, P\u00e9rez MA,  Three-dimensional anatomy of the anterior commissure: a tractography and anatomical study. World Neurosurg. 2022;159:e365\u2013e374."},{"issue":"10","key":"b35","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1907","article-title":"Occipital WHO grade II gliomas: oncological, surgical and functional considerations","volume":"153","author":"Viegas C","year":"2011","unstructured":"Viegas C, Moritz-Gasser S, Rigau V, Duffau H. Occipital WHO grade II gliomas: oncological, surgical and functional considerations. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2011;153(10):1907\u20131917."},{"issue":"1","key":"b36","series-title":"Neurotherapeutics","first-page":"36","article-title":"Tractography for surgical neuro-oncology planning: towards a gold standard","volume":"16","author":"Panesar SS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Panesar SS, Abhinav K, Yeh FC, Jacquesson T, Collins M, Fernandez-Miranda J. Tractography for surgical neuro-oncology planning: towards a gold standard. Neurotherapeutics. 2019;16(1):36\u201351."},{"issue":"1","key":"b37","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"104","article-title":"Microsurgical management of midbrain gliomas: surgical results and long-term outcome in a large, single-surgeon, consecutive series","volume":"140","author":"Serra C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serra C, T\u00fcre H, F\u0131rat Z,  Microsurgical management of midbrain gliomas: surgical results and long-term outcome in a large, single-surgeon, consecutive series. J Neurosurg. 2023;140(1):104\u2013115."},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery","first-page":"351","article-title":"Selective amigdalohippocampectomy","author":"T\u00fcre U","year":"2020","unstructured":"T\u00fcre U, Kaya AH, Aktekin B, Bing\u00f6l CA. Selective amigdalohippocampectomy. In: Cataltepe O, Jallo GI, eds. Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery. 2nd ed. Thieme; 2020:351-363."},{"issue":"6B","key":"b39","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of supratentorial midline lesions","volume":"18","author":"Ya\u015fargil MG","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ya\u015fargil MG, T\u00fcre U, Ya\u015fargil DCH. Surgical anatomy of supratentorial midline lesions. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;18(6B):E1."},{"issue":"5","key":"b40","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"739","article-title":"White matter fiber dissection of the optic radiations of the temporal lobe and implications for surgical approaches to the temporal horn","volume":"101","author":"Sincoff EH","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sincoff EH, Tan Y, Abdulrauf SI. White matter fiber dissection of the optic radiations of the temporal lobe and implications for surgical approaches to the temporal horn. J Neurosurg. 2004;101(5):739\u2013746."},{"issue":"4 suppl","key":"b41","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"219","article-title":"Three-dimensional relationships of the optic radiation","volume":"57","author":"Rubino PA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rubino PA, Rhoton AL Jr, Tong X, Oliveira Ed. Three-dimensional relationships of the optic radiation. Neurosurgery. 2005;57(4 suppl):219\u2013227."},{"issue":"4 suppl 2","key":"b42","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"ONS228","article-title":"Meyer\u2019s loop and the optic radiations in the transsylvian approach to the mediobasal temporal lobe","volume":"59","author":"Choi C","year":"2006","unstructured":"Choi C, Rubino PA, Fernandez-Miranda JC, Abe H, Rhoton AL Jr. Meyer\u2019s loop and the optic radiations in the transsylvian approach to the mediobasal temporal lobe. Neurosurgery. 2006;59(4 suppl 2):ONS228\u2013ONS236."},{"issue":"5","key":"b43","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1174","article-title":"Anatomy of the anterior temporal lobe and the frontotemporal region demonstrated by fiber dissection","volume":"55","author":"Peuskens D","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peuskens D, van Loon J, Van Calenbergh F, van den Bergh R, Goffin J, Plets C. Anatomy of the anterior temporal lobe and the frontotemporal region demonstrated by fiber dissection. Neurosurgery. 2004;55(5):1174\u20131184."},{"issue":"3","key":"b44","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E4","article-title":"History of awake mapping and speech and language localization: from modules to networks","volume":"47","author":"Rahimpour S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rahimpour S, Haglund MM, Friedman AH, Duffau H. History of awake mapping and speech and language localization: from modules to networks. Neurosurg Focus. 2019;47(3):E4."},{"key":"b45","series-title":"Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr","first-page":"247","article-title":"Erleichterung der makroskopischen Pr\u00e4paration des Gehirns durch den Gefrierprozess","volume":"36","author":"Klingler J","year":"1935","unstructured":"Klingler J. Erleichterung der makroskopischen Pr\u00e4paration des Gehirns durch den Gefrierprozess. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 1935;36:247\u2013256."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/141\/5\/article-p1433.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/141\/5\/article-p1433.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/141\/5\/article-p1433.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T11:46:17Z","timestamp":1732621577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/141\/5\/article-p1433.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2024.2.jns232671","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}}}