{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T13:13:41Z","timestamp":1793970821488,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcomes and clinical predictors for seizure freedom in patients with hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) undergoing radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) guided by stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors enrolled 30 patients with HH-related epilepsy who underwent SEEG-guided RFTC and were followed up for at least 3 years. Seizure outcomes were assessed using the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification, with classes 1 and 2 defined as seizure freedom. Considering the observed time to relapse, the authors defined postoperative follow-up within 1 year as short-term follow-up. They analyzed lesion features, epileptic characteristics, and SEEG patterns for their relationship with short-term and long-term seizure freedom separately. Long-term complications were also reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean follow-up was 69.2 months (range 36\u2013107 months) since the first RFTC. At the last follow-up, 20 patients (66.7%) achieved seizure freedom (ILAE classes 1 and 2). Regarding different seizure types, freedom was achieved in 81.8% of patients (18\/22, after 2 cases relapsed) with gelastic seizures (GS) and in 52.9% patients (9\/17, after 4 cases relapsed) with other types of seizures (i.e., nongelastic seizures [NGS]). Seizures characterized by focal low-voltage fast activity recorded by SEEG were more likely to achieve freedom both in the short term (p = 0.021) and the long term (p = 0.022). A history of HH resection might negatively impact a patient\u2019s outcome at long-term follow-up, whereas lesion location, volume, seizure types, or the seizure duration showed no significant influence on both short-term and long-term outcomes. Weight gain was the most common long-term complication (26.7%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SEEG signal can guide HH ablation and serve as an important predictor for favorable seizure outcomes in both the short term and long term, a capability not exhibited by other factors thus far. Patients with a history of HH resection but who still experience NGSs should be considered carefully, as there may be a speculated mechanism of an NGS network re-forming, which can partly explain the outcome difference between patients with GSs and those with NGSs, as well as the progression of secondary epileptogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.9.jns241261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T20:35:33Z","timestamp":1738960533000},"page":"1558-1565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Stereo-electroencephalography pattern and long-term seizure outcome in hypothalamic hamartoma treated by radiofrequency thermocoagulation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery, National Center for Children\u2019s Health of China, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing;"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiu","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuli","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery, National Center for Children\u2019s Health of China, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing;"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"18","article-title":"Classification of hypothalamic hamartoma and prognostic factors for surgical outcome","volume":"130","author":"Li CD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li CD, Luo SQ, Tang J, Jia G, Ma ZY, Zhang YQ. Classification of hypothalamic hamartoma and prognostic factors for surgical outcome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2014;130(1):18\u201326."},{"issue":"8","key":"b2","series-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol","first-page":"1365","article-title":"Epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomas: semiology spectrum and predictor analyses of 78 patients","volume":"10","author":"Wang X","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, Liu C, Zheng Z,  Epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomas: semiology spectrum and predictor analyses of 78 patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2023;10(8):1365\u20131373."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b3","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"12","article-title":"Clinical features and evolution of the gelastic seizures\u2014hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Striano S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Striano S, Striano P. Clinical features and evolution of the gelastic seizures\u2014hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome. Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):12-15."},{"issue":"11","key":"b4","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2270","article-title":"Ictogenesis and symptomatogenesis of gelastic seizures in hypothalamic hamartomas: an ictal SPECT study","volume":"51","author":"Kameyama S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kameyama S, Masuda H, Murakami H. Ictogenesis and symptomatogenesis of gelastic seizures in hypothalamic hamartomas: an ictal SPECT study. Epilepsia. 2010;51(11):2270\u20132279."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b5","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"16","article-title":"Medical management and antiepileptic drugs in hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"58","author":"Helen Cross J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helen Cross J, Spoudeas H. Medical management and antiepileptic drugs in hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):16-21."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b6","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"7","article-title":"Achieving a cure for hypothalamic hamartomas: a Sisyphean quest?","volume":"58","author":"R\u00e9gis J","year":"2017","unstructured":"R\u00e9gis J, Helen Cross J, Kerrigan JF. Achieving a cure for hypothalamic hamartomas: a Sisyphean quest? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):7-11."},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"107261","article-title":"Seizure outcomes and safety profiles of surgical options for epilepsy associated to hypothalamic hamartomas. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"198","author":"Rizzi M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rizzi M, Nichelatti M, Ferri L, Consales A, De Benedictis A, Cossu M. Seizure outcomes and safety profiles of surgical options for epilepsy associated to hypothalamic hamartomas. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res. 2023;198:107261."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b8","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"77","article-title":"Laser interstitial thermal therapy: a first line treatment for seizures due to hypothalamic hamartoma?","volume":"58","author":"Du VX","year":"2017","unstructured":"Du VX, Gandhi SV, Rekate HL, Mehta AD. Laser interstitial thermal therapy: a first line treatment for seizures due to hypothalamic hamartoma? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):77-84."},{"issue":"8","key":"b9","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"1957","article-title":"Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Chen JS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen JS, Lamoureux AA, Shlobin NA,  Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2023;64(8):1957\u20131974."},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","first-page":"133","article-title":"Surgical outcomes between temporal, extratemporal epilepsies and hypothalamic hamartoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"93","author":"Barot N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barot N, Batra K, Zhang J,  Surgical outcomes between temporal, extratemporal epilepsies and hypothalamic hamartoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2022;93(2):133\u2013143."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation and resective surgery for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"134","author":"Wang S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang S, Zhao M, Li T,  Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation and resective surgery for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma. J Neurosurg. 2020;134(3):1019\u20131026."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Epilepsy Behav","first-page":"107957","article-title":"Stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for hypothalamic hamartoma: electroclinical patterns and the relationship with surgical prognosis","volume":"118","author":"Liu C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C, Zheng Z, Shao XQ,  Stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for hypothalamic hamartoma: electroclinical patterns and the relationship with surgical prognosis. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;118:107957."},{"issue":"2","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"61","article-title":"Disconnecting surgical treatment of hypothalamic hamartoma in children and adults with refractory epilepsy and proposal of a new classification","volume":"43","author":"Delalande O","year":"2003","unstructured":"Delalande O, Fohlen M. Disconnecting surgical treatment of hypothalamic hamartoma in children and adults with refractory epilepsy and proposal of a new classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2003;43(2):61\u201368."},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"282","article-title":"ILAE Commission Report. Proposal for a new classification of outcome with respect to epileptic seizures following epilepsy surgery","volume":"42","author":"Wieser HG","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wieser HG, Blume WT, Fish D,  ILAE Commission Report. Proposal for a new classification of outcome with respect to epileptic seizures following epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2001;42(2):282\u2013286."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Front Neurol","first-page":"981488","article-title":"Anatomical features decide the atypical seizure manifestation of parahypothalamic hamartomas","volume":"13","author":"Liu C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu C, Hu W, Zhang C,  Anatomical features decide the atypical seizure manifestation of parahypothalamic hamartomas. Front Neurol. 2022;13:981488."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Seizure","first-page":"28","article-title":"Seizure outcome and prognostic factors for surgical management of hypothalamic hamartomas in children","volume":"75","author":"Ferrand-Sorbets S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferrand-Sorbets S, Fohlen M, Delalande O,  Seizure outcome and prognostic factors for surgical management of hypothalamic hamartomas in children. Seizure. 2020;75:28\u201333."},{"issue":"1","key":"b17","series-title":"Epilepsia Open","first-page":"107","article-title":"Repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma and seizure recurrence","volume":"5","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma and seizure recurrence. Epilepsia Open. 2020;5(1):107\u2013120."},{"issue":"11","key":"b18","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2697","article-title":"Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma treated by stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation","volume":"62","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma treated by stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation. Epilepsia. 2021;62(11):2697\u20132706."},{"issue":"2","key":"b19","series-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol","first-page":"119","article-title":"The hypothalamic hamartoma: a model of subcortical epileptogenesis and encephalopathy","volume":"12","author":"Kerrigan JF","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kerrigan JF, Ng YT, Chung S, Rekate HL. The hypothalamic hamartoma: a model of subcortical epileptogenesis and encephalopathy. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2005;12(2):119\u2013131."},{"issue":"5","key":"b20","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"e35","article-title":"Cingulate epileptogenesis in hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"52","author":"Valentin A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Valentin A, Lazaro M, Mullatti N,  Cingulate epileptogenesis in hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):e35\u2013e39."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b21","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"32","article-title":"Hypothalamic hamartoma: epileptogenesis beyond the lesion?","volume":"58","author":"Scholly J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scholly J, Staack AM, Kahane P,  Hypothalamic hamartoma: epileptogenesis beyond the lesion? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):32-40."},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"154","article-title":"Role of the hypothalamic hamartoma in the genesis of gelastic fits (a video-stereo-EEG study)","volume":"95","author":"Munari C","year":"1995","unstructured":"Munari C, Kahane P, Francione S,  Role of the hypothalamic hamartoma in the genesis of gelastic fits (a video-stereo-EEG study). Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995;95(3):154\u2013160."},{"issue":"4","key":"b23","series-title":"Epileptic Disord","first-page":"205","article-title":"From hypothalamic hamartoma to cortex: what can be learnt from depth recordings and stimulation?","volume":"5","author":"Kahane P","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kahane P, Ryvlin P, Hoffmann D, Minotti L, Benabid AL. From hypothalamic hamartoma to cortex: what can be learnt from depth recordings and stimulation? Epileptic Disord. 2003;5(4):205\u2013217."},{"issue":"18","key":"b24","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"864","article-title":"Hypothalamic hamartomas: evolving understanding and management","volume":"97","author":"Cohen NT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cohen NT, Cross JH, Arzimanoglou A,  Hypothalamic hamartomas: evolving understanding and management. Neurology. 2021;97(18):864\u2013873."},{"issue":"6","key":"b25","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"808","article-title":"Staged magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for hypothalamic hamartoma: analysis of ablation volumes and morphological considerations","volume":"86","author":"Gadgil N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gadgil N, Lam S, Pan IW,  Staged magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for hypothalamic hamartoma: analysis of ablation volumes and morphological considerations. Neurosurgery. 2020;86(6):808\u2013816."},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"107186","article-title":"Long term outcome after surgical treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"195","author":"Kulkarni N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kulkarni N, Nageotte RA, Klamer BG,  Long term outcome after surgical treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsy Res. 2023;195:107186."},{"issue":"12","key":"b27","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2739","article-title":"Significance of the electrophysiological border between hypothalamic hamartomas and the hypothalamus for the target of ablation surgery identified by intraoperative semimicrorecording","volume":"61","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Significance of the electrophysiological border between hypothalamic hamartomas and the hypothalamus for the target of ablation surgery identified by intraoperative semimicrorecording. Epilepsia. 2020;61(12):2739\u20132747."},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"106624","article-title":"Epileptic hypothalamic hamartomas impact of topography on clinical presentation and radiosurgical outcome","volume":"173","author":"Hamdi H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamdi H, Ferrante P, Spatola G,  Epileptic hypothalamic hamartomas impact of topography on clinical presentation and radiosurgical outcome. Epilepsy Res. 2021;173:106624."},{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"18","article-title":"Classification of hypothalamic hamartoma and prognostic factors for surgical outcome","volume":"130","author":"Li CD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li CD, Luo SQ, Tang J, Jia G, Ma ZY, Zhang YQ. Classification of hypothalamic hamartoma and prognostic factors for surgical outcome. Acta Neurol Scand. 2014;130(1):18\u201326."},{"issue":"8","key":"b2","series-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol","first-page":"1365","article-title":"Epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomas: semiology spectrum and predictor analyses of 78 patients","volume":"10","author":"Wang X","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, Liu C, Zheng Z,  Epilepsy in hypothalamic hamartomas: semiology spectrum and predictor analyses of 78 patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2023;10(8):1365\u20131373."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b3","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"12","article-title":"Clinical features and evolution of the gelastic seizures\u2014hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Striano S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Striano S, Striano P. Clinical features and evolution of the gelastic seizures\u2014hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome. Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):12-15."},{"issue":"11","key":"b4","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2270","article-title":"Ictogenesis and symptomatogenesis of gelastic seizures in hypothalamic hamartomas: an ictal SPECT study","volume":"51","author":"Kameyama S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kameyama S, Masuda H, Murakami H. Ictogenesis and symptomatogenesis of gelastic seizures in hypothalamic hamartomas: an ictal SPECT study. Epilepsia. 2010;51(11):2270\u20132279."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b5","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"16","article-title":"Medical management and antiepileptic drugs in hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"58","author":"Helen Cross J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Helen Cross J, Spoudeas H. Medical management and antiepileptic drugs in hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):16-21."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b6","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"7","article-title":"Achieving a cure for hypothalamic hamartomas: a Sisyphean quest?","volume":"58","author":"R\u00e9gis J","year":"2017","unstructured":"R\u00e9gis J, Helen Cross J, Kerrigan JF. Achieving a cure for hypothalamic hamartomas: a Sisyphean quest? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):7-11."},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"107261","article-title":"Seizure outcomes and safety profiles of surgical options for epilepsy associated to hypothalamic hamartomas. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"198","author":"Rizzi M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rizzi M, Nichelatti M, Ferri L, Consales A, De Benedictis A, Cossu M. Seizure outcomes and safety profiles of surgical options for epilepsy associated to hypothalamic hamartomas. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res. 2023;198:107261."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b8","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"77","article-title":"Laser interstitial thermal therapy: a first line treatment for seizures due to hypothalamic hamartoma?","volume":"58","author":"Du VX","year":"2017","unstructured":"Du VX, Gandhi SV, Rekate HL, Mehta AD. Laser interstitial thermal therapy: a first line treatment for seizures due to hypothalamic hamartoma? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):77-84."},{"issue":"8","key":"b9","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"1957","article-title":"Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Chen JS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen JS, Lamoureux AA, Shlobin NA,  Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2023;64(8):1957\u20131974."},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","first-page":"133","article-title":"Surgical outcomes between temporal, extratemporal epilepsies and hypothalamic hamartoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"93","author":"Barot N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barot N, Batra K, Zhang J,  Surgical outcomes between temporal, extratemporal epilepsies and hypothalamic hamartoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2022;93(2):133\u2013143."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation and resective surgery for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"134","author":"Wang S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang S, Zhao M, Li T,  Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation and resective surgery for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma. J Neurosurg. 2020;134(3):1019\u20131026."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Epilepsy Behav","first-page":"107957","article-title":"Stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for hypothalamic hamartoma: electroclinical patterns and the relationship with surgical prognosis","volume":"118","author":"Liu C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C, Zheng Z, Shao XQ,  Stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation for hypothalamic hamartoma: electroclinical patterns and the relationship with surgical prognosis. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;118:107957."},{"issue":"2","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"61","article-title":"Disconnecting surgical treatment of hypothalamic hamartoma in children and adults with refractory epilepsy and proposal of a new classification","volume":"43","author":"Delalande O","year":"2003","unstructured":"Delalande O, Fohlen M. Disconnecting surgical treatment of hypothalamic hamartoma in children and adults with refractory epilepsy and proposal of a new classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2003;43(2):61\u201368."},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"282","article-title":"ILAE Commission Report. Proposal for a new classification of outcome with respect to epileptic seizures following epilepsy surgery","volume":"42","author":"Wieser HG","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wieser HG, Blume WT, Fish D,  ILAE Commission Report. Proposal for a new classification of outcome with respect to epileptic seizures following epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2001;42(2):282\u2013286."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Front Neurol","first-page":"981488","article-title":"Anatomical features decide the atypical seizure manifestation of parahypothalamic hamartomas","volume":"13","author":"Liu C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu C, Hu W, Zhang C,  Anatomical features decide the atypical seizure manifestation of parahypothalamic hamartomas. Front Neurol. 2022;13:981488."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Seizure","first-page":"28","article-title":"Seizure outcome and prognostic factors for surgical management of hypothalamic hamartomas in children","volume":"75","author":"Ferrand-Sorbets S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferrand-Sorbets S, Fohlen M, Delalande O,  Seizure outcome and prognostic factors for surgical management of hypothalamic hamartomas in children. Seizure. 2020;75:28\u201333."},{"issue":"1","key":"b17","series-title":"Epilepsia Open","first-page":"107","article-title":"Repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma and seizure recurrence","volume":"5","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma and seizure recurrence. Epilepsia Open. 2020;5(1):107\u2013120."},{"issue":"11","key":"b18","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2697","article-title":"Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma treated by stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation","volume":"62","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma treated by stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation. Epilepsia. 2021;62(11):2697\u20132706."},{"issue":"2","key":"b19","series-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol","first-page":"119","article-title":"The hypothalamic hamartoma: a model of subcortical epileptogenesis and encephalopathy","volume":"12","author":"Kerrigan JF","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kerrigan JF, Ng YT, Chung S, Rekate HL. The hypothalamic hamartoma: a model of subcortical epileptogenesis and encephalopathy. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2005;12(2):119\u2013131."},{"issue":"5","key":"b20","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"e35","article-title":"Cingulate epileptogenesis in hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"52","author":"Valentin A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Valentin A, Lazaro M, Mullatti N,  Cingulate epileptogenesis in hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):e35\u2013e39."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b21","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"32","article-title":"Hypothalamic hamartoma: epileptogenesis beyond the lesion?","volume":"58","author":"Scholly J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scholly J, Staack AM, Kahane P,  Hypothalamic hamartoma: epileptogenesis beyond the lesion? Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 2):32-40."},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"154","article-title":"Role of the hypothalamic hamartoma in the genesis of gelastic fits (a video-stereo-EEG study)","volume":"95","author":"Munari C","year":"1995","unstructured":"Munari C, Kahane P, Francione S,  Role of the hypothalamic hamartoma in the genesis of gelastic fits (a video-stereo-EEG study). Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995;95(3):154\u2013160."},{"issue":"4","key":"b23","series-title":"Epileptic Disord","first-page":"205","article-title":"From hypothalamic hamartoma to cortex: what can be learnt from depth recordings and stimulation?","volume":"5","author":"Kahane P","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kahane P, Ryvlin P, Hoffmann D, Minotti L, Benabid AL. From hypothalamic hamartoma to cortex: what can be learnt from depth recordings and stimulation? Epileptic Disord. 2003;5(4):205\u2013217."},{"issue":"18","key":"b24","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"864","article-title":"Hypothalamic hamartomas: evolving understanding and management","volume":"97","author":"Cohen NT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cohen NT, Cross JH, Arzimanoglou A,  Hypothalamic hamartomas: evolving understanding and management. Neurology. 2021;97(18):864\u2013873."},{"issue":"6","key":"b25","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"808","article-title":"Staged magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for hypothalamic hamartoma: analysis of ablation volumes and morphological considerations","volume":"86","author":"Gadgil N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gadgil N, Lam S, Pan IW,  Staged magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for hypothalamic hamartoma: analysis of ablation volumes and morphological considerations. Neurosurgery. 2020;86(6):808\u2013816."},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"107186","article-title":"Long term outcome after surgical treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma","volume":"195","author":"Kulkarni N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kulkarni N, Nageotte RA, Klamer BG,  Long term outcome after surgical treatment for hypothalamic hamartoma. Epilepsy Res. 2023;195:107186."},{"issue":"12","key":"b27","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"2739","article-title":"Significance of the electrophysiological border between hypothalamic hamartomas and the hypothalamus for the target of ablation surgery identified by intraoperative semimicrorecording","volume":"61","author":"Shirozu H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shirozu H, Masuda H, Kameyama S. Significance of the electrophysiological border between hypothalamic hamartomas and the hypothalamus for the target of ablation surgery identified by intraoperative semimicrorecording. Epilepsia. 2020;61(12):2739\u20132747."},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","first-page":"106624","article-title":"Epileptic hypothalamic hamartomas impact of topography on clinical presentation and radiosurgical outcome","volume":"173","author":"Hamdi H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamdi H, Ferrante P, Spatola G,  Epileptic hypothalamic hamartomas impact of topography on clinical presentation and radiosurgical outcome. Epilepsy Res. 2021;173:106624."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/142\/6\/article-p1558.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/142\/6\/article-p1558.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/142\/6\/article-p1558.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T14:15:16Z","timestamp":1781187316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/142\/6\/article-p1558.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2024.9.jns241261","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}}}