{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:53:56Z","timestamp":1787874836964,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>CSF leaks due to anterior skull base defects, particularly those involving the posterior wall of the frontal sinus, are complex and often require surgical intervention. The endoscopic transorbital approach provides a direct, minimally invasive method with enhanced access and improved working angles. The authors present a video of a 41-year-old female with a spontaneous CSF leak and frontal sinus encephalocele who underwent endoscopic transorbital repair. This approach effectively controlled the defect, resulting in the resolution of the CSF leak with no recurrence at 1-year follow-up. The endoscopic transorbital approach is a reliable surgical option for these challenging cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The video can be found here:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/stream.cadmore.media\/r10.3171\/2025.1.FOCVID24153\">https:\/\/stream.cadmore.media\/r10.3171\/2025.1.FOCVID24153<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.1.focvid24153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T07:53:29Z","timestamp":1743494009000},"page":"V9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Endoscopic transorbital approach for repair of spontaneous CSF leak and frontal sinus encephalocele"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"I\u00f1igo L.","family":"Sistiaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain and"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Northwell Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell, Hempstead, New York; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Catal\u00e1n-Uribarrena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain and"},{"name":"University of The Basque Country, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Valc\u00e1rcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain;"},{"name":"University of The Basque Country, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuly","family":"Garcia-Orozco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Altamirano-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"O\u00f1ate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain;"},{"name":"University of The Basque Country, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u00f1igo","family":"Pomposo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cruces, Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain and"},{"name":"University of The Basque Country, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"13","article-title":"Transorbital endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"121","author":"Moe KS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moe KS, Kim LJ, Bergeron CM. Transorbital endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Laryngoscope. 2011;121(1):13\u201330."},{"issue":"8","key":"b2","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"1753","article-title":"Transorbital endoscopic approach for repair of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks: case-series","volume":"131","author":"Noiphithak R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Noiphithak R, Yanez-Siller JC, Nimmannitya P, Rukskul P. Transorbital endoscopic approach for repair of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks: case-series. Laryngoscope. 2021;131(8):1753\u20131757."},{"issue":"4","key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E4","article-title":"A quantitative comparative surgical analysis of the endoscopic transorbital approach and frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach for extradural exposure of the cavernous sinus","volume":"56","author":"Evins AI","year":"2024","unstructured":"Evins AI, Sistiaga IL, Quispe-Flores AH,  A quantitative comparative surgical analysis of the endoscopic transorbital approach and frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach for extradural exposure of the cavernous sinus. Neurosurg Focus. 2024;56(4):E4."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Endoscopic transorbital surgery levels of difficulty","volume":"137","author":"Di Somma A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Somma A, Kong DS, de Notaris M,  Endoscopic transorbital surgery levels of difficulty. J Neurosurg. 2022;137(4):1187\u20131190."},{"issue":"7","key":"b5","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1953","article-title":"Endoscopic superior eyelid transorbital approach: how I do it","volume":"164","author":"Di Somma A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Somma A, Sanchez Espa\u00f1a JC, Alobid I, Ense\u00f1at J. Endoscopic superior eyelid transorbital approach: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2022;164(7):1953\u20131959."},{"issue":"4","key":"b6","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"359","article-title":"Lateral transorbital endoscope-assisted approach to the cavernous sinus","volume":"25","author":"Bander ED","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bander ED, Carnevale JA, Tosi U, Godfrey KJ, Schwartz TH. Lateral transorbital endoscope-assisted approach to the cavernous sinus. 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