{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:04:46Z","timestamp":1780131886531,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is the leading cause of spinal cord dysfunction, leading to worsening disability and poor quality of life. The long-term benefits of surgery for patient quality of life remain incompletely defined. Given the current emphasis on value-based care, this study aimed to identify 1) how surgery improves quality of life and 2) what factors are associated with quality of life improvement in patients operated on for CSM.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n The Spine CORe\u2122 study group performed a post hoc analysis of the prospectively collected, 14-site Quality Outcomes Database CSM cohort. The primary outcome was the 5-dimension EuroQol-5 (EQ-5D) score, assessed at baseline and at 3, 12, 24, and 60 months postoperatively. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the EQ-5D score was defined as 0.11. A multivariable logistic model was used to identify preoperative factors associated with the MCID for the 60-month EQ-5D score, controlling for variables reaching a p value < 0.20 on univariate analysis. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained were also calculated using the area under the curve method, with baseline projected QALYs subtracted from observed values.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n At 60 months, follow-up status was available for 895 of 1085 patients (82.4%). A total of 788 patients had EQ-5D scores recorded at 60 months for inclusion in the initial phase of this analysis. The mean EQ-5D score improved significantly from 0.58 \u00b1 0.22 at baseline to 0.76 \u00b1 0.22 at 60 months (p < 0.001), with gains evident by 3 months and sustained through all subsequent follow-up intervals. At 60 months, 58.7% of patients achieved the EQ-5D MCID. Multivariable analysis identified greater baseline numeric rating scale neck pain score and use of anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) as independent predictors of decreased odds of MCID achievement (p < 0.05). Conversely, lower baseline EQ-5D scores, corresponding to worse quality of life, were associated with increased odds of improvement (p < 0.05). The authors further found in the full cohort of patients that there was a mean QALY gain of 0.72 \u00b1 1.11 following surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n Patients undergoing surgery for CSM experience significant and durable postoperative improvements in their quality of life, with notable gains of 0.72 QALYs achieved 5 years after surgery. Additionally, more than 50% of patients achieve a clinically meaningful benefit in EQ-5D score at 5 years. Greater baseline neck pain severity and ACCF were associated with reduced odds of achieving the MCID, whereas worse baseline quality of life was associated with greater odds of achieving long-term improvement. Overall, these findings confirm that surgery for CSM yields sustained quality of life benefits for the majority of patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.12.focus25928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:31:24Z","timestamp":1777635084000},"page":"E2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How much do patients benefit in quality of life after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy? A Spine CORe\u2122 analysis of QOD data"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Zachary","family":"Englander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vardhaan S.","family":"Ambati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen V.","family":"Mummaneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Bydon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica F.","family":"Bisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher I.","family":"Shaffrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oren N.","family":"Gottfried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony L.","family":"Asher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domagoj","family":"Coric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin T.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee; Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ming","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Virk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Knightly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee; Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheerag D.","family":"Upadhyaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Po","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan S.","family":"Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis M.","family":"Tumial\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay D.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regis W.","family":"Haid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"Neuroscientist","first-page":"409","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: the clinical phenomenon and the current pathobiology of an increasingly prevalent and devastating disorder","volume":"19","author":"Kalsi-Ryan S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kalsi-Ryan S, Karadimas SK, Fehlings MG. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: the clinical phenomenon and the current pathobiology of an increasingly prevalent and devastating disorder. Neuroscientist. 2013;19(4):409\u2013421. doi:10.1177\/1073858412467377"},{"issue":"22 suppl 1","key":"b2","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"S173","article-title":"Anterior versus posterior approach for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"38","author":"Lawrence BD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lawrence BD, Jacobs WB, Norvell DC, Hermsmeyer JT, Chapman JR, Brodke DS. Anterior versus posterior approach for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38(22 suppl 1):S173\u2013S182. doi:10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a7eaaf"},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"42","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with severe axial neck pain: is anterior or posterior approach better?","volume":"38","author":"Chan AK","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan AK, Shaffrey CI, Gottfried ON, Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with severe axial neck pain: is anterior or posterior approach better? J Neurosurg Spine. 2023;38(1):42\u201355. doi:10.3171\/2022.6.SPINE22110"},{"issue":"3","key":"b4","series-title":"Yale J Biol Med","first-page":"165","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a review of surgical indications and decision making","volume":"66","author":"Law MD","year":"1993","unstructured":"Law MD, Bernhardt M, White AA. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a review of surgical indications and decision making. 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An analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database cervical spondylotic myelopathy cohort","volume":"55","author":"Ambati VS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ambati VS, Macki M, Chan AK, Three-level ACDF versus 3-level laminectomy and fusion: are there differences in outcomes? An analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database cervical spondylotic myelopathy cohort. Neurosurg Focus. 2023;55(3):E2. doi:10.3171\/2023.6.FOCUS23295"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)","article-title":"Comparing Surgical Treatments for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy\u2014The CSM-S Trial","author":"Ghogawala Z","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghogawala Z, Dunbar MR. Comparing Surgical Treatments for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy\u2014The CSM-S Trial. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI); 2020.Accessed January 12, 2026.https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK594736\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"13415","article-title":"Psychological predictors of quality of life after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for degenerative cervical spine disease","volume":"10","author":"Wagner A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wagner A, Shiban Y, Zeller L, Psychological predictors of quality of life after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for degenerative cervical spine disease. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):13415. doi:10.1038\/s41598-020-70437-9"},{"issue":"15","key":"b9","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"E906","article-title":"Trends in utilization and cost of cervical spine surgery using the National Inpatient Sample database, 2001 to 2013","volume":"42","author":"Liu CY","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu CY, Zygourakis CC, Yoon S, Trends in utilization and cost of cervical spine surgery using the National Inpatient Sample database, 2001 to 2013. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2017;42(15):E906\u2013E913. doi:10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001999"},{"issue":"17","key":"b10","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"1989","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis","volume":"30","author":"Angevine PD","year":"2005","unstructured":"Angevine PD, Zivin JG, McCormick PC. Cost-effectiveness of single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30(17):1989\u20131997. doi:10.1097\/01.brs.0000176332.67849.ea"},{"issue":"4","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"860","article-title":"Performing a cost analysis in spine outcomes research: comparing ventral and dorsal approaches for cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"70","author":"Whitmore RG","year":"2012","unstructured":"Whitmore RG, Schwartz JS, Simmons S, Stein SC, Ghogawala Z. Performing a cost analysis in spine outcomes research: comparing ventral and dorsal approaches for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Neurosurgery. 2012;70(4):860\u2013867. doi:10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182367272"},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes","first-page":"80","article-title":"Problems and solutions in calculating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)","volume":"1","author":"Prieto L","year":"2003","unstructured":"Prieto L, Sacrist\u00e1n JA. Problems and solutions in calculating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003;1(1):80. doi:10.1186\/1477-7525-1-80"},{"issue":"5","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E2","article-title":"Quality Outcomes Database Spine Care Project 2012\u20132020: milestones achieved in a collaborative North American outcomes registry to advance value-based spine care and evolution to the American Spine Registry","volume":"48","author":"Asher AL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asher AL, Knightly J, Mummaneni PV, Quality Outcomes Database Spine Care Project 2012\u20132020: milestones achieved in a collaborative North American outcomes registry to advance value-based spine care and evolution to the American Spine Registry. Neurosurg Focus. 2020;48(5):E2. doi:10.3171\/2020.2.FOCUS207"},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"154","article-title":"A comparative study on the effect of age on Neck Disability Index improvement at 24 months after surgical intervention for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study","volume":"43","author":"Porche K","year":"2025","unstructured":"Porche K, Sherrod BA, Rosero S, A comparative study on the effect of age on Neck Disability Index improvement at 24 months after surgical intervention for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;43(2):154\u2013169. doi:10.3171\/2025.3.SPINE24598"},{"issue":"6","key":"b15","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E5","article-title":"Which supervised machine learning algorithm can best predict achievement of minimum clinically important difference in neck pain after surgery in patients with cervical myelopathy? A QOD study","volume":"54","author":"Park C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park C, Mummaneni PV, Gottfried ON, Which supervised machine learning algorithm can best predict achievement of minimum clinically important difference in neck pain after surgery in patients with cervical myelopathy? A QOD study. Neurosurg Focus. 2023;54(6):E5. doi:10.3171\/2023.3.FOCUS2372"},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"206","article-title":"What factors influence surgical decision-making in anterior versus posterior surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD analysis","volume":"40","author":"Park C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Park C, Shaffrey CI, Than KD, What factors influence surgical decision-making in anterior versus posterior surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD analysis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2024;40(2):206\u2013215. doi:10.3171\/2023.8.SPINE23194"},{"issue":"5","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"541","article-title":"Urinary control in cervical myelopathy: does it improve postsurgery? A Quality Outcomes Database study","volume":"42","author":"Shabani S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shabani S, Lavadi RS, Agarwal N, Urinary control in cervical myelopathy: does it improve postsurgery? A Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;42(5):541\u2013550. doi:10.3171\/2024.10.SPINE24338"},{"issue":"1","key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"41","article-title":"Social risk factors predicting outcomes of cervical myelopathy surgery","volume":"37","author":"Rethorn ZD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rethorn ZD, Cook CE, Park C, Social risk factors predicting outcomes of cervical myelopathy surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;37(1):41\u201348. doi:10.3171\/2021.12.SPINE21874"},{"issue":"3","key":"b19","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"112","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"36","author":"Bisson EF","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bisson EF, Mummaneni PV, Michalopoulos GD, Sleep disturbances in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Clin Spine Surg. 2023;36(3):112\u2013119. doi:10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001454"},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1757","article-title":"Research using the Quality Outcomes Database: accomplishments and future steps toward higher-quality real-world evidence","volume":"139","author":"Asher AL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asher AL, Haid RW, Stroink AR, Research using the Quality Outcomes Database: accomplishments and future steps toward higher-quality real-world evidence. J Neurosurg. 2023;139(6):1757\u20131775. doi:10.3171\/2023.3.JNS222601"},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"611","article-title":"Predictors of patient satisfaction in the surgical treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"41","author":"Schupper AJ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schupper AJ, DiDomenico J, Farber SH, Predictors of patient satisfaction in the surgical treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2024;41(5):611\u2013618. doi:10.3171\/2024.5.SPINE24326"},{"issue":"4","key":"b22","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"500","article-title":"Patient-reported outcome trajectories the first 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study","volume":"42","author":"Zeitouni D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zeitouni D, Johnson SE, Ibrahim S, Patient-reported outcome trajectories the first 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;42(4):500\u2013508. doi:10.3171\/2024.9.SPINE24351"},{"issue":"4","key":"b23","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"188","article-title":"Is upper extremity or lower extremity function more important for patient satisfaction? An analysis of 24-month outcomes from the QOD cervical spondylotic myelopathy cohort","volume":"37","author":"Yang E","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang E, Mummaneni PV, Chou D, Is upper extremity or lower extremity function more important for patient satisfaction? An analysis of 24-month outcomes from the QOD cervical spondylotic myelopathy cohort. Clin Spine Surg. 2024;37(4):188\u2013197. doi:10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001613"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"737","article-title":"Impact of the day of the week on clinical outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery","volume":"42","author":"Bergin SM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bergin SM, Woo J, Johnson SE, Impact of the day of the week on clinical outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;42(6):737\u2013747. doi:10.3171\/2024.11.SPINE24609"},{"issue":"3","key":"b25","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"E137","article-title":"Impact of educational background on preoperative disease severity and postoperative outcomes among patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"37","author":"Agarwal N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Agarwal N, DiGiorgio A, Michalopoulos GD, Impact of educational background on preoperative disease severity and postoperative outcomes among patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Clin Spine Surg. 2024;37(3):E137\u2013E146. doi:10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001557"},{"issue":"1","key":"b26","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"25","article-title":"Identifying patients at risk for nonroutine discharge after surgery for cervical myelopathy: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database","volume":"35","author":"Mummaneni PV","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Knightly JJ, Identifying patients at risk for nonroutine discharge after surgery for cervical myelopathy: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021;35(1):25\u201333. doi:10.3171\/2020.11.SPINE201442"},{"issue":"5","key":"b27","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"521","article-title":"How closely are outcome questionnaires correlated to patient satisfaction after cervical spine surgery for myelopathy?","volume":"38","author":"Zaki MM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zaki MM, Joshi RS, Ibrahim S, How closely are outcome questionnaires correlated to patient satisfaction after cervical spine surgery for myelopathy? J Neurosurg Spine. 2023;38(5):521\u2013529. doi:10.3171\/2023.1.SPINE22888"},{"issue":"1","key":"b28","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"31","article-title":"High-impact chronic pain transition in surgical recipients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"37","author":"Cook CE","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cook CE, George SZ, Asher AL, High-impact chronic pain transition in surgical recipients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;37(1):31\u201340. doi:10.3171\/2021.11.SPINE211260"},{"issue":"5","key":"b29","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E7","article-title":"Greater improvement in Neck Disability Index scores in women after surgery for cervical myelopathy: an analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database","volume":"55","author":"Patel A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patel A, Kondapavulur S, Umbach G, Greater improvement in Neck Disability Index scores in women after surgery for cervical myelopathy: an analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database. Neurosurg Focus. 2023;55(5):E7. doi:10.3171\/2023.8.FOCUS23423"},{"issue":"2","key":"b30","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"170","article-title":"Gain of care independence following surgical intervention for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study","volume":"43","author":"Agarwal N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agarwal N, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Gain of care independence following surgical intervention for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;43(2):170\u2013180. doi:10.3171\/2025.2.SPINE231237"},{"issue":"5","key":"b31","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"533","article-title":"Does smoking status affect baseline symptom severity and patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction in patients with cervical myelopathy at 24 months? A Quality Outcomes Database study","volume":"42","author":"Park C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park C, Bhowmick D, Shaffrey CI, Does smoking status affect baseline symptom severity and patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction in patients with cervical myelopathy at 24 months? A Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2025;42(5):533\u2013540. doi:10.3171\/2024.10.SPINE24744"},{"issue":"4","key":"b32","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Do patients with high ASA grades benefit from CSM surgery?","volume":"38","author":"Ambati VS","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ambati VS, Patel A, Dada A, Do patients with high ASA grades benefit from CSM surgery? Clin Spine Surg. 2025;38(4):197\u2013203. doi:10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001774"},{"issue":"1","key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"11","article-title":"Do comorbid self-reported depression and anxiety influence outcomes following surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy?","volume":"39","author":"Chan AK","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan AK, Shaffrey CI, Park C, Do comorbid self-reported depression and anxiety influence outcomes following surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy? J Neurosurg Spine. 2023;39(1):11\u201327. doi:10.3171\/2023.2.SPINE22685"},{"issue":"5","key":"b34","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"604","article-title":"Do class III obese patients achieve similar outcomes and satisfaction to nonobese patients following surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD study","volume":"41","author":"Park C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Park C, Bhowmick DA, Shaffrey CI, Do class III obese patients achieve similar outcomes and satisfaction to nonobese patients following surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2024;41(5):604\u2013610. doi:10.3171\/2024.6.SPINE24126"},{"issue":"3","key":"b35","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"339","article-title":"Differences in postoperative quality of life in young, early elderly, and late elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"37","author":"Croci DM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Croci DM, Sherrod B, Alvi MA, Differences in postoperative quality of life in young, early elderly, and late elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;37(3):339\u2013349. doi:10.3171\/2022.1.SPINE211157"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e436","article-title":"Differences in patient-reported outcomes between anterior and posterior approaches for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database analysis","volume":"160","author":"Wilkerson CG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilkerson CG, Sherrod BA, Alvi MA, Differences in patient-reported outcomes between anterior and posterior approaches for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database analysis. 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