{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T22:07:06Z","timestamp":1782252426359,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to elaborate on the surgical anatomy and technical nuances of pituitary transposition techniques and assess their clinical application, enhancing both the safety and efficacy of endonasal approaches to the retrosellar and interpeduncular regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-two colored silicone\u2013injected specimens were dissected stepwise via an endoscopic endonasal approach. A comprehensive assessment of pituitary transposition techniques, including anatomical landmarks, surgical nuances, and transposition distances, was performed. Their clinical relevance was presented using illustrative cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The following pituitary transposition techniques were established according to their relationship with the dual-layered sellar dura and the extent of pituitary gland mobilization: extradural (involves elevating the dura from the sellar floor, allowing limited access to the lower dorsum sellae and superior pituitary gland mobilization [mean vertical transposition distance \u00b1 SD of 2.4 \u00b1 0.7 mm]); interdural transsellar (outer dural layer is incised at the sellar face and floor, improving access to the dorsum sellae and facilitating further superior pituitary gland mobilization [mean vertical transposition distances of 4.1 \u00b1 0.8 mm at the midline and 4.9 \u00b1 0.7 mm at the lateral aspect]); interdural transcavernous (outer dural layer is opened at the anterior wall of the cavernous sinus [CS] for superomedial pituitary gland mobilization with direct transcavernous access to the posterior clinoid process [mean vertical transposition distances of 3.6 \u00b1 0.6 mm at the midline and 6.8 \u00b1 0.7 mm at the lateral aspect, mean horizontal transposition distance of 3.8 \u00b1 0.7 mm]); extended interdural transcavernous (interdural approach is extended into the clinoidal space by transecting the caroticoclinoid ligament, maximizing exposure for challenging posterior clinoidectomy [mean vertical transposition distances of 5.5 \u00b1 0.9 mm at the midline and 8.7 \u00b1 0.9 mm at the lateral aspect, mean horizontal transposition distance of 7.2 \u00b1 0.8 mm]); intradural hemitransposition (involves opening both dural layers at the sellar face, dissecting the pituitary gland away from the medial wall of the CS on the selected side, and enabling ipsilateral paramedian exposure of the dorsum sellae and retrosellar and retroinfundibular regions); full intradural (pituitary gland is dissected away from the medial wall of the CS bilaterally, facilitating its horizontal and vertical mobilization and providing comprehensive access to the dorsum sellae and bilateral retrosellar and retroinfundibular regions; transection of the diaphragm enhances suprasellar access); and pituitary gland sacrifice (complete removal, offering unimpeded access to the retrosellar and retroinfundibular regions).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven pituitary transposition techniques based on dural opening, gland mobilization, and approach extent are described herein. Selecting the appropriate technique, guided by the affected anatomical regions, pathology type, and preoperative pituitary gland function, is crucial for optimal surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.3.jns242358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T01:30:44Z","timestamp":1752888644000},"page":"1350-1363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pituitary transposition techniques: surgical anatomy and technical nuances"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Yuanzhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumar","family":"Abhinav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rychen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Reza","family":"Arifianto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Vigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Mohyeldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron A.","family":"Cohen-Gadol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Neurosurgical Atlas, Los Angeles; and"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Fernandez-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford;"},{"name":"The Neurosurgical Atlas, Los Angeles; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"b1","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"374","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal \"above and below\" approach to the retroinfundibular area and interpeduncular cistern\u2014cadaveric study and case illustrations","volume":"81","author":"Silva D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva D, Attia M, Kandasamy J, Alimi M, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal \"above and below\" approach to the retroinfundibular area and interpeduncular cistern\u2014cadaveric study and case illustrations. World Neurosurg. 2014;81(2):374\u2013384."},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e675","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of endoscopic dorsum sellar resection for access to retroinfundibular or upper clival tumors (Korean Society of Endoscopic Neurosurgery-008)","volume":"150","author":"Kong DS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kong DS, Hong SD, Kang H,  Safety and efficacy of endoscopic dorsum sellar resection for access to retroinfundibular or upper clival tumors (Korean Society of Endoscopic Neurosurgery-008). World Neurosurg. 2021;150:e675\u2013e680."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"319","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery: pushing the boundaries","volume":"130","author":"Zwagerman NT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zwagerman NT, Zenonos G, Lieber S,  Endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery: pushing the boundaries. J Neurooncol. 2016;130(2):319\u2013330."},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1139","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approach to the ventral brainstem: anatomical feasibility and surgical limitations","volume":"127","author":"Essayed WI","year":"2017","unstructured":"Essayed WI, Singh H, Lapadula G, Almodovar-Mercado GJ, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal approach to the ventral brainstem: anatomical feasibility and surgical limitations. J Neurosurg. 2017;127(5):1139\u20131146."},{"issue":"11","key":"b5","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"3431","article-title":"The \"candy wrapper\" of the pituitary gland: a road map to the parasellar ligaments and the medial wall of the cavernous sinus","volume":"165","author":"Serioli S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serioli S, Plou P, Leonel LCPC,  The \"candy wrapper\" of the pituitary gland: a road map to the parasellar ligaments and the medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023;165(11):3431\u20133444."},{"issue":"1","key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"122","article-title":"The medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Part 1: surgical anatomy, ligaments, and surgical technique for its mobilization and\/or resection","volume":"131","author":"Truong HQ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Truong HQ, Lieber S, Najera E, Alves-Belo JT, Gardner PA, Fernandez-Miranda JC. The medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Part 1: surgical anatomy, ligaments, and surgical technique for its mobilization and\/or resection. J Neurosurg. 2019;131(1):122\u2013130."},{"issue":"1","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"179","article-title":"The medial wall of the cavernous sinus: microsurgical anatomy","volume":"55","author":"Yasuda A","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yasuda A, Campero A, Martins C, Rhoton AL, Jr, Ribas GC. The medial wall of the cavernous sinus: microsurgical anatomy. Neurosurgery. 2004;55(1):179\u2013190."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica","volume":"19","author":"Kassam A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;19(1):E3."},{"issue":"1","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E4","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum","volume":"19","author":"Kassam A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;19(1):E4."},{"issue":"3 Suppl 1","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"57","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal pituitary transposition for a transdorsum sellae approach to the interpeduncular cistern","volume":"62","author":"Kassam AB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kassam AB, Prevedello DM, Thomas A,  Endoscopic endonasal pituitary transposition for a transdorsum sellae approach to the interpeduncular cistern. Neurosurgery. 2008;62(3 Suppl 1):57-74."},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"91","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy with interdural pituitary transposition","volume":"121","author":"Fernandez-Miranda JC","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fernandez-Miranda JC, Gardner PA, Rastelli MM,  Endoscopic endonasal transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy with interdural pituitary transposition. J Neurosurg. 2014;121(1):91\u201399."},{"issue":"5","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1418","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the dorsal clinoidal space: implications for endoscopic endonasal parasellar surgery","volume":"137","author":"Xu Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu Y, Nunez MA, Mohyeldin A,  Microsurgical anatomy of the dorsal clinoidal space: implications for endoscopic endonasal parasellar surgery. J Neurosurg. 2022;137(5):1418\u20131430."},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"625","article-title":"Intradural pituitary hemitransposition: technical note and case series illustration","volume":"26","author":"Almeida JP","year":"2024","unstructured":"Almeida JP, Finger G, Weber MD,  Intradural pituitary hemitransposition: technical note and case series illustration. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024;26(6):625-634."},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"72","article-title":"\"One-and-a-half\" interdural transcavernous pituitary transposition\/rotation for protection of hypophyseal portal system in adult peripheral retroinfundibular craniopharyngioma","volume":"27","author":"Shen A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen A, Yu Y, Lyu L,  \"One-and-a-half\" interdural transcavernous pituitary transposition\/rotation for protection of hypophyseal portal system in adult peripheral retroinfundibular craniopharyngioma. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024;27(1):72-85."},{"issue":"1","key":"b15","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"135","article-title":"Surgical implementation and efficacy of endoscopic endonasal extradural posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"133","author":"Ohata H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ohata H, Goto T, Nagm A,  Surgical implementation and efficacy of endoscopic endonasal extradural posterior clinoidectomy. J Neurosurg. 2020;133(1):135\u2013143."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"64","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"3","author":"Silva D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Silva D, Attia M, Kandasamy J, Alimi M, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy. Surg Neurol Int. 2012;3:64."},{"issue":"S 01","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Evolution of endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy technique: from extradural, transcavernous to extended transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"84","author":"Xu Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Asmaro K, Nunez MA, Cohen-Gadol AA, Mao Y, Fernandez-Miranda JC. Evolution of endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy technique: from extradural, transcavernous to extended transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2023;84(S 01):S1-S344."},{"issue":"2","key":"b18","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"407","article-title":"Surgical anatomy and nuances of the expanded endonasal transdorsum sellae and posterior clinoidectomy approach to the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns: a stepwise cadaveric dissection of various pituitary gland transpositions","volume":"163","author":"Rejane-Heim TC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rejane-Heim TC, Silveira-Bertazzo G, Carrau RL, Prevedello DM. Surgical anatomy and nuances of the expanded endonasal transdorsum sellae and posterior clinoidectomy approach to the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns: a stepwise cadaveric dissection of various pituitary gland transpositions. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(2):407\u2013413."},{"issue":"6","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1766","article-title":"Pursuing perfect 2D and 3D photography in neuroanatomy: a new paradigm for staying up to date with digital technology","volume":"138","author":"Xu Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Vigo V, Klein J,  Pursuing perfect 2D and 3D photography in neuroanatomy: a new paradigm for staying up to date with digital technology. J Neurosurg. 2023;138(6):1766\u20131772."},{"issue":"1","key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"141","article-title":"Bilateral coagulation of inferior hypophyseal artery and pituitary transposition during endoscopic endonasal interdural posterior clinoidectomy: do they affect pituitary function?","volume":"131","author":"Truong HQ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Truong HQ, Borghei-Razavi H, Najera E,  Bilateral coagulation of inferior hypophyseal artery and pituitary transposition during endoscopic endonasal interdural posterior clinoidectomy: do they affect pituitary function? J Neurosurg. 2019;131(1):141\u2013146."},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Supramarginal resection of skull base chordomas: proof of concept and preliminary outcomes","volume":"56","author":"Rychen J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rychen J, Constanzo F, Xu Y,  Supramarginal resection of skull base chordomas: proof of concept and preliminary outcomes. Neurosurg Focus. 2024;56(5):E3."},{"key":"b22","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"206","article-title":"Arterial supply to the pituitary gland: a comprehensive review","volume":"142","author":"Cironi KA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cironi KA, Decater T, Iwanaga J, Dumont AS, Tubbs RS. Arterial supply to the pituitary gland: a comprehensive review. World Neurosurg. 2020;142:206\u2013211."},{"issue":"5","key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"678","article-title":"Arterial blood supply of the normal human pituitary gland. An anatomical study","volume":"58","author":"Leclercq TA","year":"1983","unstructured":"Leclercq TA, Grisoli F. Arterial blood supply of the normal human pituitary gland. An anatomical study. J Neurosurg. 1983;58(5):678\u2013681."},{"issue":"2","key":"b1","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"374","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal \"above and below\" approach to the retroinfundibular area and interpeduncular cistern\u2014cadaveric study and case illustrations","volume":"81","author":"Silva D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva D, Attia M, Kandasamy J, Alimi M, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal \"above and below\" approach to the retroinfundibular area and interpeduncular cistern\u2014cadaveric study and case illustrations. World Neurosurg. 2014;81(2):374\u2013384."},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e675","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of endoscopic dorsum sellar resection for access to retroinfundibular or upper clival tumors (Korean Society of Endoscopic Neurosurgery-008)","volume":"150","author":"Kong DS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kong DS, Hong SD, Kang H,  Safety and efficacy of endoscopic dorsum sellar resection for access to retroinfundibular or upper clival tumors (Korean Society of Endoscopic Neurosurgery-008). World Neurosurg. 2021;150:e675\u2013e680."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"319","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery: pushing the boundaries","volume":"130","author":"Zwagerman NT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zwagerman NT, Zenonos G, Lieber S,  Endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery: pushing the boundaries. J Neurooncol. 2016;130(2):319\u2013330."},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1139","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approach to the ventral brainstem: anatomical feasibility and surgical limitations","volume":"127","author":"Essayed WI","year":"2017","unstructured":"Essayed WI, Singh H, Lapadula G, Almodovar-Mercado GJ, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal approach to the ventral brainstem: anatomical feasibility and surgical limitations. J Neurosurg. 2017;127(5):1139\u20131146."},{"issue":"11","key":"b5","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"3431","article-title":"The \"candy wrapper\" of the pituitary gland: a road map to the parasellar ligaments and the medial wall of the cavernous sinus","volume":"165","author":"Serioli S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serioli S, Plou P, Leonel LCPC,  The \"candy wrapper\" of the pituitary gland: a road map to the parasellar ligaments and the medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023;165(11):3431\u20133444."},{"issue":"1","key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"122","article-title":"The medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Part 1: surgical anatomy, ligaments, and surgical technique for its mobilization and\/or resection","volume":"131","author":"Truong HQ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Truong HQ, Lieber S, Najera E, Alves-Belo JT, Gardner PA, Fernandez-Miranda JC. The medial wall of the cavernous sinus. Part 1: surgical anatomy, ligaments, and surgical technique for its mobilization and\/or resection. J Neurosurg. 2019;131(1):122\u2013130."},{"issue":"1","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"179","article-title":"The medial wall of the cavernous sinus: microsurgical anatomy","volume":"55","author":"Yasuda A","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yasuda A, Campero A, Martins C, Rhoton AL, Jr, Ribas GC. The medial wall of the cavernous sinus: microsurgical anatomy. Neurosurgery. 2004;55(1):179\u2013190."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica","volume":"19","author":"Kassam A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part I. Crista galli to the sella turcica. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;19(1):E3."},{"issue":"1","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E4","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum","volume":"19","author":"Kassam A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A, Gardner P, Carrau RL. Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. Part II. Posterior clinoids to the foramen magnum. Neurosurg Focus. 2005;19(1):E4."},{"issue":"3 Suppl 1","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"57","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal pituitary transposition for a transdorsum sellae approach to the interpeduncular cistern","volume":"62","author":"Kassam AB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kassam AB, Prevedello DM, Thomas A,  Endoscopic endonasal pituitary transposition for a transdorsum sellae approach to the interpeduncular cistern. Neurosurgery. 2008;62(3 Suppl 1):57-74."},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"91","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy with interdural pituitary transposition","volume":"121","author":"Fernandez-Miranda JC","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fernandez-Miranda JC, Gardner PA, Rastelli MM,  Endoscopic endonasal transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy with interdural pituitary transposition. J Neurosurg. 2014;121(1):91\u201399."},{"issue":"5","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1418","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the dorsal clinoidal space: implications for endoscopic endonasal parasellar surgery","volume":"137","author":"Xu Y","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu Y, Nunez MA, Mohyeldin A,  Microsurgical anatomy of the dorsal clinoidal space: implications for endoscopic endonasal parasellar surgery. J Neurosurg. 2022;137(5):1418\u20131430."},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"625","article-title":"Intradural pituitary hemitransposition: technical note and case series illustration","volume":"26","author":"Almeida JP","year":"2024","unstructured":"Almeida JP, Finger G, Weber MD,  Intradural pituitary hemitransposition: technical note and case series illustration. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024;26(6):625-634."},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"72","article-title":"\"One-and-a-half\" interdural transcavernous pituitary transposition\/rotation for protection of hypophyseal portal system in adult peripheral retroinfundibular craniopharyngioma","volume":"27","author":"Shen A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen A, Yu Y, Lyu L,  \"One-and-a-half\" interdural transcavernous pituitary transposition\/rotation for protection of hypophyseal portal system in adult peripheral retroinfundibular craniopharyngioma. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024;27(1):72-85."},{"issue":"1","key":"b15","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"135","article-title":"Surgical implementation and efficacy of endoscopic endonasal extradural posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"133","author":"Ohata H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ohata H, Goto T, Nagm A,  Surgical implementation and efficacy of endoscopic endonasal extradural posterior clinoidectomy. J Neurosurg. 2020;133(1):135\u2013143."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"64","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"3","author":"Silva D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Silva D, Attia M, Kandasamy J, Alimi M, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy. Surg Neurol Int. 2012;3:64."},{"issue":"S 01","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Evolution of endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy technique: from extradural, transcavernous to extended transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy","volume":"84","author":"Xu Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Asmaro K, Nunez MA, Cohen-Gadol AA, Mao Y, Fernandez-Miranda JC. Evolution of endoscopic endonasal posterior clinoidectomy technique: from extradural, transcavernous to extended transcavernous posterior clinoidectomy. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2023;84(S 01):S1-S344."},{"issue":"2","key":"b18","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"407","article-title":"Surgical anatomy and nuances of the expanded endonasal transdorsum sellae and posterior clinoidectomy approach to the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns: a stepwise cadaveric dissection of various pituitary gland transpositions","volume":"163","author":"Rejane-Heim TC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rejane-Heim TC, Silveira-Bertazzo G, Carrau RL, Prevedello DM. Surgical anatomy and nuances of the expanded endonasal transdorsum sellae and posterior clinoidectomy approach to the interpeduncular and prepontine cisterns: a stepwise cadaveric dissection of various pituitary gland transpositions. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(2):407\u2013413."},{"issue":"6","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1766","article-title":"Pursuing perfect 2D and 3D photography in neuroanatomy: a new paradigm for staying up to date with digital technology","volume":"138","author":"Xu Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Vigo V, Klein J,  Pursuing perfect 2D and 3D photography in neuroanatomy: a new paradigm for staying up to date with digital technology. J Neurosurg. 2023;138(6):1766\u20131772."},{"issue":"1","key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"141","article-title":"Bilateral coagulation of inferior hypophyseal artery and pituitary transposition during endoscopic endonasal interdural posterior clinoidectomy: do they affect pituitary function?","volume":"131","author":"Truong HQ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Truong HQ, Borghei-Razavi H, Najera E,  Bilateral coagulation of inferior hypophyseal artery and pituitary transposition during endoscopic endonasal interdural posterior clinoidectomy: do they affect pituitary function? J Neurosurg. 2019;131(1):141\u2013146."},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Supramarginal resection of skull base chordomas: proof of concept and preliminary outcomes","volume":"56","author":"Rychen J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rychen J, Constanzo F, Xu Y,  Supramarginal resection of skull base chordomas: proof of concept and preliminary outcomes. Neurosurg Focus. 2024;56(5):E3."},{"key":"b22","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"206","article-title":"Arterial supply to the pituitary gland: a comprehensive review","volume":"142","author":"Cironi KA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cironi KA, Decater T, Iwanaga J, Dumont AS, Tubbs RS. Arterial supply to the pituitary gland: a comprehensive review. World Neurosurg. 2020;142:206\u2013211."},{"issue":"5","key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"678","article-title":"Arterial blood supply of the normal human pituitary gland. 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