{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T17:36:06Z","timestamp":1785000966233,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapeutic intervention for a range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson\u2019s disease, essential tremor, and epilepsy. The efficacy of DBS is predicated on the modulation of dysfunctional neural circuits through the application of electrical pulses. Recent advancements in MRI technology have facilitated the visualization of brain nuclei and their associated networks, which is critical for proper patient-specific targeting of electrodes in surgical procedures. This advancement aims to personalize surgical planning and postoperative programming by integrating patient-specific anatomical and connectivity models. The advent of clinical ultrahigh-field MRI, particularly 7T MRI, significantly enhances the targeting of DBS by improving spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and tissue contrast. Compared with lower field strengths, 7T MRI provides superior visualization of deeply situated brain nuclei and their extensive cortical projections, including the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus internus, and thalamus. This review synthesizes a multi-institutional consensus regarding the technical and clinical applications of 7T MRI, drawing on experience from more than 1000 procedures using 7T DBS. It encompasses both imaging acquisition and postprocessing techniques aimed at optimizing image quality. Our extensive clinical experience informs best practices for correcting distortions, mitigating image artifacts, and employing specific imaging sequences that enhance the visualization of common DBS targets. The insights and recommendations presented are intended to promote the safe and effective utilization of 7T MRI in DBS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.3.jns243024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T21:35:31Z","timestamp":1751664931000},"page":"1165-1175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Multi-institutional recommendations on the use of 7T MRI in deep brain stimulation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Erik H.","family":"Middlebrooks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology and"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Bot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Patriat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjeet S.","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangzhi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengzhen","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Straub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Essa","family":"Yacoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noam","family":"Harel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E6","article-title":"Fast gray matter acquisition T1 inversion recovery MRI to delineate the mammillothalamic tract for preoperative direct targeting of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for deep brain stimulation in epilepsy","volume":"45","author":"Grewal SS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grewal SS, Middlebrooks EH, Kaufmann TJ,  Fast gray matter acquisition T1 inversion recovery MRI to delineate the mammillothalamic tract for preoperative direct targeting of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for deep brain stimulation in epilepsy. 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