{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:16:46Z","timestamp":1784128606687,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Progestin exposure, such as with cyproterone acetate (CPA), could increase the risk of developing osteomeningiomas (OMs). This study investigated the volumetric dynamics of the meningeal and intraosseous components of these tumors and their correlation following CPA discontinuation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective study included 17 patients with 21 OMs diagnosed during ongoing CPA treatment. Volumes of the meningeal and intraosseous components of the OMs were measured at multiple time points. Volume dynamics over time were modeled using linear, exponential, power, and Gompertz tumor growth models. Hormone receptor expression in both components was evaluated via immunohistochemical analysis in the 4 tumors on which surgery was performed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n The Gompertz tumor growth model was the most accurate in fitting the data. After CPA cessation, the meningeal component showed volume reduction in 95% of tumors (a substantial decrease in 40% and a modest decrease in 55% of tumors). The intraosseous component exhibited sustained growth in all cases, characterized by three distinct dynamics: slowing growth (40%), linear growth (45%), and pseudo-exponential growth (15%). A significant correlation was observed between the volumetric courses in the two components (rho = 0.49, p = 0.03). Hormone receptor analysis revealed no differences in expression between the two components.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n While the meningeal and intraosseous components of OMs respond differently to CPA withdrawal, their growth dynamics remain correlated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.4.jns25252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T01:40:58Z","timestamp":1758332458000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Volumetric courses of the intraosseous and meningeal components of osteomeningiomas after cyproterone acetate treatment withdrawal"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Constanthin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Montalibet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics Institute of Bordeaux, UMR 5251, Bordeaux University, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Talence;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9gane Le","family":"Quang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropathology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Ollivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Saut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics Institute of Bordeaux, UMR 5251, Bordeaux University, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Talence;"},{"name":"INRIA Center, Bordeaux University, Monc Project-Team, Talence; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRIA Center, Bordeaux University, Monc Project-Team, Talence; and"},{"name":"Mathematics Laboratory Jean Leray, UMR 6629, Nantes University, CNRS, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Engelhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"},{"name":"Mathematics Institute of Bordeaux, UMR 5251, Bordeaux University, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Talence;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"n37","article-title":"Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study","volume":"372","author":"Weill A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weill A, Nguyen P, Labidi M, Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study. BMJ. 2021;372:n37."},{"issue":"23","key":"b2","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2411","article-title":"Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy","volume":"357","author":"Gazzeri R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gazzeri R, Galarza M, Gazzeri G. Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(23):2411\u20132412."},{"issue":"11","key":"b3","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1955","article-title":"Regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate in a transsexual patient","volume":"152","author":"Cebula H","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cebula H, Pham TQ, Boyer P, Froelich S. Regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate in a transsexual patient. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2010;152(11):1955\u20131956."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"761","article-title":"Spontaneous regression of meningiomas after interruption of nomegestrol acetate: a series of three patients","volume":"161","author":"Passeri T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Passeri T, Champagne PO, Bernat AL, Spontaneous regression of meningiomas after interruption of nomegestrol acetate: a series of three patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019;161(4):761\u2013765."},{"issue":"3","key":"b5","series-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res","first-page":"355","article-title":"Regression of giant olfactory groove meningioma and complete visual acuity recovery after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate","volume":"13","author":"Bernat AL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernat AL, Bonnin S, Labidi M, Regression of giant olfactory groove meningioma and complete visual acuity recovery after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2018;13(3):355\u2013358."},{"issue":"10","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1741","article-title":"Growth stabilization and regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: a case series of 12 patients","volume":"157","author":"Bernat AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernat AL, Oyama K, Hamdi S, Growth stabilization and regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: a case series of 12 patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2015;157(10):1741\u20131746."},{"issue":"8","key":"b7","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1504","article-title":"Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment","volume":"31","author":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG, Page P, Domigo V, M\u00e9der JF, Oppenheim C. Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(8):1504\u20131505."},{"issue":"2","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"308","article-title":"Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin","volume":"89","author":"Voormolen EHJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Voormolen EHJ, Champagne PO, Roca E, Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin. Neurosurgery. 2021;89(2):308\u2013314."},{"issue":"6","key":"b9","series-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"965","article-title":"Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Gil M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gil M, Oliva B, Timoner J, Maci\u00e1 MA, Bryant V, de Abajo FJ. Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;72(6):965\u2013968."},{"issue":"7","key":"b10","series-title":"Brain","first-page":"2047","article-title":"The occurrence of benign brain tumours in transgender individuals during cross-sex hormone treatment","volume":"141","author":"Nota NM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nota NM, Wiepjes CM, de Blok CJM, The occurrence of benign brain tumours in transgender individuals during cross-sex hormone treatment. Brain. 2018;141(7):2047\u20132054."},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"95","article-title":"Female gender and exogenous progesterone exposition as risk factors for spheno-orbital meningiomas","volume":"149","author":"Apra C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Apra C, Roblot P, Alkhayri A, Le Gu\u00e9rinel C, Polivka M, Chauvet D. Female gender and exogenous progesterone exposition as risk factors for spheno-orbital meningiomas. J Neurooncol. 2020;149(1):95\u2013101."},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1705","article-title":"Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy","volume":"163","author":"AbiJaoude S","year":"2021","unstructured":"AbiJaoude S, Marijon P, Roblot P, Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(6):1705\u20131710."},{"issue":"4","key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"944","article-title":"Opposed evolution of the osseous and soft parts of progestin-associated osteomeningioma after progestin intake discontinuation","volume":"139","author":"Florea SM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Florea SM, Passeri T, Abbritti R, Opposed evolution of the osseous and soft parts of progestin-associated osteomeningioma after progestin intake discontinuation. J Neurosurg. 2023;139(4):944\u2013952."},{"key":"b14","series-title":"eBioMedicine","first-page":"104697","article-title":"Evaluation of four tumour growth models to describe the natural history of meningiomas","volume":"94","author":"Engelhardt J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Engelhardt J, Montalibet V, Saut O, Loiseau H, Collin A. Evaluation of four tumour growth models to describe the natural history of meningiomas. eBioMedicine. 2023;94:104697."},{"issue":"12","key":"b15","series-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)","first-page":"3093","article-title":"Allred scoring of ER-IHC stained whole-slide images for hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Ahmad Fauzi MF","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad Fauzi MF, Wan Ahmad WSHM, Jamaluddin MF, Allred scoring of ER-IHC stained whole-slide images for hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(12):3093."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed","first-page":"105829","article-title":"Spatial mechanistic modeling for prediction of the growth of asymptomatic meningiomas","volume":"199","author":"Collin A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collin A, Copol C, Pianet V, Spatial mechanistic modeling for prediction of the growth of asymptomatic meningiomas. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2021;199:105829."},{"key":"b1","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"n37","article-title":"Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study","volume":"372","author":"Weill A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weill A, Nguyen P, Labidi M, Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study. BMJ. 2021;372:n37."},{"issue":"23","key":"b2","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2411","article-title":"Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy","volume":"357","author":"Gazzeri R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gazzeri R, Galarza M, Gazzeri G. Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy. 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J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2018;13(3):355\u2013358."},{"issue":"10","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1741","article-title":"Growth stabilization and regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: a case series of 12 patients","volume":"157","author":"Bernat AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernat AL, Oyama K, Hamdi S, Growth stabilization and regression of meningiomas after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: a case series of 12 patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2015;157(10):1741\u20131746."},{"issue":"8","key":"b7","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1504","article-title":"Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment","volume":"31","author":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG, Page P, Domigo V, M\u00e9der JF, Oppenheim C. Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(8):1504\u20131505."},{"issue":"2","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"308","article-title":"Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin","volume":"89","author":"Voormolen EHJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Voormolen EHJ, Champagne PO, Roca E, Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin. Neurosurgery. 2021;89(2):308\u2013314."},{"issue":"6","key":"b9","series-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"965","article-title":"Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Gil M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gil M, Oliva B, Timoner J, Maci\u00e1 MA, Bryant V, de Abajo FJ. Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;72(6):965\u2013968."},{"issue":"7","key":"b10","series-title":"Brain","first-page":"2047","article-title":"The occurrence of benign brain tumours in transgender individuals during cross-sex hormone treatment","volume":"141","author":"Nota NM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nota NM, Wiepjes CM, de Blok CJM, The occurrence of benign brain tumours in transgender individuals during cross-sex hormone treatment. Brain. 2018;141(7):2047\u20132054."},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"95","article-title":"Female gender and exogenous progesterone exposition as risk factors for spheno-orbital meningiomas","volume":"149","author":"Apra C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Apra C, Roblot P, Alkhayri A, Le Gu\u00e9rinel C, Polivka M, Chauvet D. Female gender and exogenous progesterone exposition as risk factors for spheno-orbital meningiomas. J Neurooncol. 2020;149(1):95\u2013101."},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1705","article-title":"Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy","volume":"163","author":"AbiJaoude S","year":"2021","unstructured":"AbiJaoude S, Marijon P, Roblot P, Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(6):1705\u20131710."},{"issue":"4","key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"944","article-title":"Opposed evolution of the osseous and soft parts of progestin-associated osteomeningioma after progestin intake discontinuation","volume":"139","author":"Florea SM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Florea SM, Passeri T, Abbritti R, Opposed evolution of the osseous and soft parts of progestin-associated osteomeningioma after progestin intake discontinuation. J Neurosurg. 2023;139(4):944\u2013952."},{"key":"b14","series-title":"eBioMedicine","first-page":"104697","article-title":"Evaluation of four tumour growth models to describe the natural history of meningiomas","volume":"94","author":"Engelhardt J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Engelhardt J, Montalibet V, Saut O, Loiseau H, Collin A. 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