{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T08:33:18Z","timestamp":1789806798477,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are associated with significant pain and disability. The current standard of care is expectant medical management; however, there is emerging data encouraging the use of early kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. The goal of this nationwide study was to investigate the outcomes of patients with acute thoracolumbar VCF who undergo very early (inpatient) kyphoplasty compared with those managed medically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort analysis of the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2022. Adult patients admitted nonelectively for thoracolumbar wedge compression fractures were included. Patients were excluded if they had cancer, additional fractures, cord compression, or if they underwent surgery. Those who underwent kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty were 1:1 propensity score matched with those who were managed medically, and Poisson or logistic regression analyses were performed for outcomes. The primary endpoint was discharge to home. Other outcomes included in-hospital death, hospital length of stay (LOS), cost, and major morbidity or mortality after discharge at 180 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 69,722 patients were included in the study, of whom 53,142 (76.2%) underwent medical management while 16,580 (23.8%) underwent kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. After propensity score matching, patients who underwent kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty experienced a significantly higher rate of discharge to home (54.3%) compared with medically managed patients (46.2%) (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.28\u20131.50; p &lt; 0.001). Compared with medical management, patients who underwent kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty had significantly lower in-hospital death (0.4% vs 0.9%; OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.32\u20130.74; p &lt; 0.001) but a slightly longer hospital LOS (median 5 vs 4 days; B = 1.23, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.38; p &lt; 0.001) and higher cost (B = 8.9, 95% CI 8.4\u20139.3; p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in inpatient adverse events between the medical management and kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty groups (p &gt; 0.05), and, among patients discharged home, inpatient kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty did not lead to differences in delayed morbidity or mortality within 180 days (p &gt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that women may derive a greater benefit from kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.35\u20131.61; p &lt; 0.001) than men (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05\u20131.35; p = 0.009) (interaction p = 0.003).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inpatient kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty is associated with higher odds of home discharge and lower odds of mortality. These findings support the use of very early (inpatient) kyphoplasty\/vertebroplasty for those with acute thoracolumbar compression fractures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.7.spine25652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T20:53:01Z","timestamp":1763412781000},"page":"307-314","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association between inpatient kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty and improved short-term outcomes following acute thoracolumbar compression fractures: a nationwide study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Matthew K.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dheeraj","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Colasurdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"815","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of vertebral compression fracture","volume":"135","author":"Alsoof D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alsoof D, Anderson G, McDonald CL, Basques B, Kuris E, Daniels AH. Diagnosis and management of vertebral compression fracture. Am J Med. 2022;135(7):815\u2013821."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Pain Physician","first-page":"E203","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of vertebral compression fracture among all age groups: a nationwide, population-based study in the Republic of Korea","volume":"26","author":"Kim JE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim JE, Koh SY, Swan H,  Incidence and mortality of vertebral compression fracture among all age groups: a nationwide, population-based study in the Republic of Korea. Pain Physician. 2023;26(3):E203\u2013E211."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Clin Orthop Surg","first-page":"207","article-title":"Association between osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and age, bone mineral density, and European quality of life-5 dimensions in Korean postmenopausal women: a nationwide cross-sectional observational study","volume":"13","author":"Cho MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cho MJ, Moon SH, Lee JH, Lee JH. Association between osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and age, bone mineral density, and European quality of life-5 dimensions in Korean postmenopausal women: a nationwide cross-sectional observational study. Clin Orthop Surg. 2021;13(2):207\u2013215."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"Osteoporos Int","first-page":"821","article-title":"Trends in opioid use following balloon kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures","volume":"33","author":"Ni W","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ni W, Ricker C, Quinn M,  Trends in opioid use following balloon kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Osteoporos Int. 2022;33(4):821\u2013837."},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"Neurospine","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Utilization of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty in the management of compression fractures: national trends and predictors of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Neill BE","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill BE, Godil JA, Smith S,  Utilization of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty in the management of compression fractures: national trends and predictors of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty. Neurospine. 2023;20(4):1132\u20131139."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Pain Physician","first-page":"231","article-title":"Timing of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures","volume":"26","author":"Liu D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu D, Xu J, Wang Q,  Timing of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Pain Physician. 2023;26(3):231\u2013243."},{"issue":"10","key":"b7","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"2560","article-title":"Influence of operative timing on the early post-operative radiological and clinical outcome after kyphoplasty","volume":"29","author":"Palmowski Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palmowski Y, Balmer S, B\u00fcrger J, Sch\u00f6mig F, Hu Z, Pumberger M. Influence of operative timing on the early post-operative radiological and clinical outcome after kyphoplasty. Eur Spine J. 2020;29(10):2560\u20132567."},{"key":"b8","series-title":"N Am Spine Soc J","first-page":"100576","article-title":"The effect of time to balloon kyphoplasty on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Khan MA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khan MA, Kisana H, Clay C,  The effect of time to balloon kyphoplasty on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review with meta-analysis. N Am Spine Soc J. 2025;21:100576."},{"issue":"10132","key":"b9","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1775","article-title":"Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: an observational study","volume":"391","author":"Gilbert T","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gilbert T, Neuburger J, Kraindler J,  Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: an observational study. Lancet. 2018;391(10132):1775\u20131782."},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"J Grad Med Educ","first-page":"279","article-title":"Using effect size\u2014or why the p value is not enough","volume":"4","author":"Sullivan GM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sullivan GM, Feinn R. Using effect size\u2014or why the p value is not enough. J Grad Med Educ. 2012;4(3):279\u2013282."},{"issue":"6","key":"b11","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"557","article-title":"A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures","volume":"361","author":"Buchbinder R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Buchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR,  A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(6):557\u2013568."},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"J Bone Miner Res","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Two-year results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vertebroplasty for acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures","volume":"29","author":"Kroon F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kroon F, Staples M, Ebeling PR,  Two-year results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vertebroplasty for acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures. J Bone Miner Res. 2014;29(6):1346\u20131355."},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"569","article-title":"A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures","volume":"361","author":"Kallmes DF","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kallmes DF, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ,  A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(6):569\u2013579."},{"issue":"3","key":"b14","series-title":"J Spine Surg","first-page":"364","article-title":"Utilization of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures throughout the United States over a recent decade: an analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample","volume":"3","author":"Laratta JL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laratta JL, Shillingford JN, Lombardi JM,  Utilization of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures throughout the United States over a recent decade: an analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. J Spine Surg. 2017;3(3):364\u2013370."},{"issue":"12","key":"b15","first-page":"971","article-title":"A randomized trial of balloon kyphoplasty and nonsurgical management for treating acute vertebral compression fractures: vertebral body kyphosis correction and surgical parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","volume":"38","author":"Van Meirhaeghe J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van Meirhaeghe J, Bastian L, Boonen S, Ranstam J, Tillman JB, Wardlaw D. A randomized trial of balloon kyphoplasty and nonsurgical management for treating acute vertebral compression fractures: vertebral body kyphosis correction and surgical parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013;38(12):971\u2013983."},{"issue":"9668","key":"b16","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty compared with non-surgical care for vertebral compression fracture (FREE): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"373","author":"Wardlaw D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wardlaw D, Cummings SR, Van Meirhaeghe J,  Efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty compared with non-surgical care for vertebral compression fracture (FREE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;373(9668):1016\u20131024."},{"issue":"31","key":"b17","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"e4491","article-title":"Vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty versus conservative treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Yuan WH","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan WH, Hsu HC, Lai KL. Vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty versus conservative treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(31):e4491."},{"issue":"10","key":"b18","series-title":"JBJS Rev","first-page":"e21.00045","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 treatment arms for vertebral compression fractures","volume":"9","author":"Halvachizadeh S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Halvachizadeh S, Stalder AL, Bellut D,  Systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 treatment arms for vertebral compression fractures. JBJS Rev. 2021;9(10):e21.00045."},{"issue":"19","key":"b19","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"1729","article-title":"Impact of nonoperative treatment, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty on survival and morbidity after vertebral compression fracture in the medicare population","volume":"95","author":"Chen AT","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen AT, Cohen DB, Skolasky RL. Impact of nonoperative treatment, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty on survival and morbidity after vertebral compression fracture in the medicare population. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013;95(19):1729\u20131736."},{"issue":"4","key":"b20","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1490","article-title":"Kyphoplasty is associated with reduced mortality risk for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Ge J, Liu H,  Kyphoplasty is associated with reduced mortality risk for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2024;33(4):1490\u20131497."},{"key":"b21","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"19","article-title":"Percutaneous vertebral augmentation for acute traumatic vertebral fractures: a TQIP database study","volume":"110","author":"Petitt JC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Petitt JC, Stanley S, Kashkoush A,  Percutaneous vertebral augmentation for acute traumatic vertebral fractures: a TQIP database study. J Clin Neurosci. 2023;110:19\u201326."},{"key":"b22","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e483","article-title":"Discharge to inpatient care facility after vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty: incidence, risk factors, and postdischarge outcomes","volume":"118","author":"Crouser N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Crouser N, Malik AT, Jain N, Yu E, Kim J, Khan SN. Discharge to inpatient care facility after vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty: incidence, risk factors, and postdischarge outcomes. World Neurosurg. 2018;118:e483\u2013e488."},{"issue":"23","key":"b23","first-page":"1943","article-title":"Morbidity, mortality, and readmission after vertebral augmentation: analysis of 850 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","volume":"39","author":"Toy JO","year":"2014","unstructured":"Toy JO, Basques BA, Grauer JN. Morbidity, mortality, and readmission after vertebral augmentation: analysis of 850 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. 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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005;26(7):1629\u20131633."},{"key":"b26","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e801","article-title":"Comparison of costs and postoperative outcomes between vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: analysis from a state-level outpatient database","volume":"141","author":"Alvi MA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alvi MA, Zreik J, Yolcu YU,  Comparison of costs and postoperative outcomes between vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: analysis from a state-level outpatient database. 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A randomized trial comparing balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty for vertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(12):2227\u20132236."},{"issue":"1","key":"b29","series-title":"Arch Osteoporos","first-page":"104","article-title":"An observational study of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures: utilisation and outcomes in England using an administrative dataset","volume":"17","author":"Gray WK","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gray WK, Day J, Briggs TWR, Hutton M. An observational study of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures: utilisation and outcomes in England using an administrative dataset. Arch Osteoporos. 2022;17(1):104\u2013108."},{"issue":"7","key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"815","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of vertebral compression fracture","volume":"135","author":"Alsoof D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alsoof D, Anderson G, McDonald CL, Basques B, Kuris E, Daniels AH. Diagnosis and management of vertebral compression fracture. Am J Med. 2022;135(7):815\u2013821."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Pain Physician","first-page":"E203","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of vertebral compression fracture among all age groups: a nationwide, population-based study in the Republic of Korea","volume":"26","author":"Kim JE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim JE, Koh SY, Swan H,  Incidence and mortality of vertebral compression fracture among all age groups: a nationwide, population-based study in the Republic of Korea. Pain Physician. 2023;26(3):E203\u2013E211."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Clin Orthop Surg","first-page":"207","article-title":"Association between osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and age, bone mineral density, and European quality of life-5 dimensions in Korean postmenopausal women: a nationwide cross-sectional observational study","volume":"13","author":"Cho MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cho MJ, Moon SH, Lee JH, Lee JH. Association between osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and age, bone mineral density, and European quality of life-5 dimensions in Korean postmenopausal women: a nationwide cross-sectional observational study. Clin Orthop Surg. 2021;13(2):207\u2013215."},{"issue":"4","key":"b4","series-title":"Osteoporos Int","first-page":"821","article-title":"Trends in opioid use following balloon kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures","volume":"33","author":"Ni W","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ni W, Ricker C, Quinn M,  Trends in opioid use following balloon kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Osteoporos Int. 2022;33(4):821\u2013837."},{"issue":"4","key":"b5","series-title":"Neurospine","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Utilization of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty in the management of compression fractures: national trends and predictors of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Neill BE","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill BE, Godil JA, Smith S,  Utilization of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty in the management of compression fractures: national trends and predictors of vertebroplasty\/kyphoplasty. Neurospine. 2023;20(4):1132\u20131139."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Pain Physician","first-page":"231","article-title":"Timing of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures","volume":"26","author":"Liu D","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu D, Xu J, Wang Q,  Timing of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Pain Physician. 2023;26(3):231\u2013243."},{"issue":"10","key":"b7","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"2560","article-title":"Influence of operative timing on the early post-operative radiological and clinical outcome after kyphoplasty","volume":"29","author":"Palmowski Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palmowski Y, Balmer S, B\u00fcrger J, Sch\u00f6mig F, Hu Z, Pumberger M. Influence of operative timing on the early post-operative radiological and clinical outcome after kyphoplasty. Eur Spine J. 2020;29(10):2560\u20132567."},{"key":"b8","series-title":"N Am Spine Soc J","first-page":"100576","article-title":"The effect of time to balloon kyphoplasty on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Khan MA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khan MA, Kisana H, Clay C,  The effect of time to balloon kyphoplasty on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review with meta-analysis. N Am Spine Soc J. 2025;21:100576."},{"issue":"10132","key":"b9","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1775","article-title":"Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: an observational study","volume":"391","author":"Gilbert T","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gilbert T, Neuburger J, Kraindler J,  Development and validation of a Hospital Frailty Risk Score focusing on older people in acute care settings using electronic hospital records: an observational study. Lancet. 2018;391(10132):1775\u20131782."},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"J Grad Med Educ","first-page":"279","article-title":"Using effect size\u2014or why the p value is not enough","volume":"4","author":"Sullivan GM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sullivan GM, Feinn R. Using effect size\u2014or why the p value is not enough. J Grad Med Educ. 2012;4(3):279\u2013282."},{"issue":"6","key":"b11","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"557","article-title":"A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures","volume":"361","author":"Buchbinder R","year":"2009","unstructured":"Buchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR,  A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(6):557\u2013568."},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"J Bone Miner Res","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Two-year results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vertebroplasty for acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures","volume":"29","author":"Kroon F","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kroon F, Staples M, Ebeling PR,  Two-year results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vertebroplasty for acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures. J Bone Miner Res. 2014;29(6):1346\u20131355."},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"569","article-title":"A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures","volume":"361","author":"Kallmes DF","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kallmes DF, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ,  A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(6):569\u2013579."},{"issue":"3","key":"b14","series-title":"J Spine Surg","first-page":"364","article-title":"Utilization of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures throughout the United States over a recent decade: an analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample","volume":"3","author":"Laratta JL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laratta JL, Shillingford JN, Lombardi JM,  Utilization of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures throughout the United States over a recent decade: an analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. J Spine Surg. 2017;3(3):364\u2013370."},{"issue":"12","key":"b15","first-page":"971","article-title":"A randomized trial of balloon kyphoplasty and nonsurgical management for treating acute vertebral compression fractures: vertebral body kyphosis correction and surgical parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","volume":"38","author":"Van Meirhaeghe J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Van Meirhaeghe J, Bastian L, Boonen S, Ranstam J, Tillman JB, Wardlaw D. A randomized trial of balloon kyphoplasty and nonsurgical management for treating acute vertebral compression fractures: vertebral body kyphosis correction and surgical parameters. 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Vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty versus conservative treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(31):e4491."},{"issue":"10","key":"b18","series-title":"JBJS Rev","first-page":"e21.00045","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 treatment arms for vertebral compression fractures","volume":"9","author":"Halvachizadeh S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Halvachizadeh S, Stalder AL, Bellut D,  Systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 treatment arms for vertebral compression fractures. JBJS Rev. 2021;9(10):e21.00045."},{"issue":"19","key":"b19","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"1729","article-title":"Impact of nonoperative treatment, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty on survival and morbidity after vertebral compression fracture in the medicare population","volume":"95","author":"Chen AT","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen AT, Cohen DB, Skolasky RL. Impact of nonoperative treatment, vertebroplasty, and kyphoplasty on survival and morbidity after vertebral compression fracture in the medicare population. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013;95(19):1729\u20131736."},{"issue":"4","key":"b20","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1490","article-title":"Kyphoplasty is associated with reduced mortality risk for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Ge J, Liu H,  Kyphoplasty is associated with reduced mortality risk for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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