{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T14:55:40Z","timestamp":1781794540453,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve injuries can have devastating effects on patients\u2019 quality of life. However, the clinical results of direct nerve repair, which is commonly performed for peripheral nerve injury, are often unsatisfactory because of undesirable tension at the repair site. Previous studies have suggested that using a nerve conduit as a connector could provide outcomes that are equivalent to, or potentially better than, direct suture repair. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration through a short gap encapsulated in a conduit using transgenic mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-four transgenic mice (Thy1 yellow fluorescent protein [YFP]-16), in which all axon fibers of the motor and sensory nerves constitutively express YFP, were used in this study. The sciatic nerve of each mouse underwent transection to artificially create an injury. Two weeks later, two types of repair operations were performed: 1) direct epineurial suture (direct repair [DR] group); and 2) repair using an artificial nerve (a polyglycolic acid conduit) as a nerve connector (connector repair [CR] group). Recovery was monitored by serial in vivo imaging of axonal growth and was assessed through histomorphometric measurements such as the axon number, myelinated fiber diameter, myelin sheath thickness, and g-ratio. Functional recovery was evaluated by calculating the area of anterior tibialis muscle fibers and using the von Frey filament test. Gene expression at the repair site was also analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although regeneration was slower in the CR than the DR group, the muscle area at week 6 was significantly higher in the CR group, indicating better motor recovery. Moreover, sensory recovery was similar between the CR and DR groups at the final 12-week examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that repair using an artificial nerve as a connector achieved better, albeit slow, functional recovery than repair using a direct epineural suture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.8.jns243203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T12:00:18Z","timestamp":1769083218000},"page":"1214-1223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peripheral nerve injury repair using a nerve connector as an alternative to direct repair"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Otani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Ichihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Kihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hand Surgery and Trauma Reconstruction Center, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayato","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Maezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muneaki","family":"Ishijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo;"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol","first-page":"427","article-title":"Application of peripheral nerve conduits in clinical practice: a literature review","volume":"52","author":"Chrz\u0105szcz P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chrz\u0105szcz P, Derbisz K, Suszy\u0144ski K,  Application of peripheral nerve conduits in clinical practice: a literature review. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2018;52(4):427\u2013435."},{"issue":"10","key":"b2","series-title":"Neurol Res","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Growth factor and stem cell enhanced conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair","volume":"30","author":"Kemp SW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kemp SW, Walsh SK, Midha R. Growth factor and stem cell enhanced conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. Neurol Res. 2008;30(10):1030\u20131038."},{"issue":"7","key":"b3","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","first-page":"760","article-title":"Technical assessment of connector-assisted nerve repair","volume":"41","author":"Isaacs J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isaacs J, Safa B, Evans PJ, Greenberg J. Technical assessment of connector-assisted nerve repair. J Hand Surg Am. 2016;41(7):760\u2013766."},{"issue":"2","key":"b4","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"166","article-title":"The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft","volume":"56","author":"Terzis J","year":"1975","unstructured":"Terzis J, Faibisoff B, Williams B. The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1975;56(2):166\u2013170."},{"issue":"3","key":"b5","series-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev","first-page":"63","article-title":"Sutureless nerve repair at the fascicular level using a nerve coupler","volume":"26","author":"Marshall DM","year":"1989","unstructured":"Marshall DM, Grosser M, Stephanides MC, Keeley RD, Rosen JM. Sutureless nerve repair at the fascicular level using a nerve coupler. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1989;26(3):63\u201376."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"725","article-title":"Current issues in nerve repair","volume":"119","author":"Terris DJ","year":"1993","unstructured":"Terris DJ, Fee WE Jr. Current issues in nerve repair. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119(7):725\u2013731."},{"issue":"3","key":"b7","series-title":"Microsurgery","first-page":"256","article-title":"Refinements of nerve repair with connector-assisted coaptation","volume":"37","author":"Ducic I","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducic I, Safa B, DeVinney E. Refinements of nerve repair with connector-assisted coaptation. Microsurgery. 2017;37(3):256\u2013263."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Neural Regen Res","first-page":"71","article-title":"Biological conduit small gap sleeve bridging method for peripheral nerve injury: regeneration law of nerve fibers in the conduit","volume":"10","author":"Zhang PX","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang PX, LiYa A, Kou YH,  Biological conduit small gap sleeve bridging method for peripheral nerve injury: regeneration law of nerve fibers in the conduit. Neural Regen Res. 2015;10(1):71\u201378."},{"issue":"5","key":"b9","series-title":"Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol","first-page":"457","article-title":"The electrophysiology analysis of biological conduit sleeve bridging rhesus monkey median nerve injury with small gap","volume":"36","author":"Zhang P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang P, Yin X, Kou Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Jiang B. The electrophysiology analysis of biological conduit sleeve bridging rhesus monkey median nerve injury with small gap. 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Microsurgery. 2014;34(7):562\u2013567."},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"Stem Cell Rev Rep","first-page":"382","article-title":"Artificial nerve containing stem cells, vascularity and scaffold; review of our studies","volume":"19","author":"Kakinoki R","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kakinoki R, Akagi M. Artificial nerve containing stem cells, vascularity and scaffold; review of our studies. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2023;19(2):382\u2013391."},{"issue":"5","key":"b15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E1105","article-title":"Regeneration of peripheral motor nerve gaps with a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube: technical case report","volume":"61","author":"Inada Y","year":"2007","unstructured":"Inada Y, Hosoi H, Yamashita A,  Regeneration of peripheral motor nerve gaps with a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube: technical case report. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(5):E1105.E1107."},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"Exp Neurol","first-page":"539","article-title":"Axotomy or compression is required for axonal sprouting following end-to-side neurorrhaphy","volume":"211","author":"Hayashi A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hayashi A, Pannucci C, Moradzadeh A,  Axotomy or compression is required for axonal sprouting following end-to-side neurorrhaphy. Exp Neurol. 2008;211(2):539\u2013550."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurosci Methods","first-page":"29","article-title":"Interpreting nerve morphometry data after experimental traumatic lesions","volume":"58","author":"de Medinaceli L","year":"1995","unstructured":"de Medinaceli L. Interpreting nerve morphometry data after experimental traumatic lesions. J Neurosci Methods. 1995;58(1-2):29\u201337."},{"issue":"11","key":"b18","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e7754","article-title":"What is the optimal value of the g-ratio for myelinated fibers in the rat CNS? A theoretical approach","volume":"4","author":"Chomiak T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chomiak T, Hu B. What is the optimal value of the g-ratio for myelinated fibers in the rat CNS? A theoretical approach. PLoS One. 2009;4(11):e7754."},{"issue":"3","key":"b19","series-title":"Neurosci Lett","first-page":"161","article-title":"Intrathecal alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine inhibits mechanical transmission in mouse spinal cord via activation of muscarinic M1 receptors","volume":"322","author":"Honda K","year":"2002","unstructured":"Honda K, Koga K, Moriyama T, Koguchi M, Takano Y, Kamiya H. Intrathecal alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine inhibits mechanical transmission in mouse spinal cord via activation of muscarinic M1 receptors. Neurosci Lett. 2002;322(3):161\u2013164."},{"issue":"4","key":"b20","series-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg","first-page":"243","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury and repair","volume":"8","author":"Lee SK","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lee SK, Wolfe SW. Peripheral nerve injury and repair. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2000;8(4):243\u2013252."},{"issue":"1","key":"b21","series-title":"Neural Regen Res","first-page":"24","article-title":"Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization","volume":"14","author":"Caillaud M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caillaud M, Richard L, Vallat JM, Desmouli\u00e8re A, Billet F. Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization. Neural Regen Res. 2019;14(1):24\u201333."},{"issue":"5","key":"b22","series-title":"Cell","first-page":"1127","article-title":"Macrophage-induced blood vessels guide schwann cell-mediated regeneration of peripheral nerves","volume":"162","author":"Cattin AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cattin AL, Burden JJ, Van Emmenis L,  Macrophage-induced blood vessels guide schwann cell-mediated regeneration of peripheral nerves. Cell. 2015;162(5):1127\u20131139."},{"issue":"8","key":"b23","series-title":"Neural Regen Res","first-page":"1335","article-title":"Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair","volume":"14","author":"Liu P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu P, Peng J, Han GH,  Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair. Neural Regen Res. 2019;14(8):1335\u20131342."},{"issue":"20","key":"b24","series-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci","first-page":"3977","article-title":"Mechanisms of Schwann cell plasticity involved in peripheral nerve repair after injury","volume":"77","author":"Nocera G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nocera G, Jacob C. Mechanisms of Schwann cell plasticity involved in peripheral nerve repair after injury. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020;77(20):3977\u20133989."},{"issue":"5596","key":"b25","series-title":"Science","first-page":"1245","article-title":"The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR as a positive modulator of myelination","volume":"298","author":"Cosgaya JM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cosgaya JM, Chan JR, Shooter EM. The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR as a positive modulator of myelination. 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J Cell Biol. 1993;123(2):455\u2013465."},{"issue":"1","key":"b28","series-title":"J Cell Biol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Enhanced synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the lesioned peripheral nerve: different mechanisms are responsible for the regulation of BDNF and NGF mRNA","volume":"119","author":"Meyer M","year":"1992","unstructured":"Meyer M, Matsuoka I, Wetmore C, Olson L, Thoenen H. Enhanced synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the lesioned peripheral nerve: different mechanisms are responsible for the regulation of BDNF and NGF mRNA. J Cell Biol. 1992;119(1):45\u201354."},{"issue":"3","key":"b29","series-title":"Mol Neurobiol","first-page":"945","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury modulates neurotrophin signaling in the peripheral and central nervous system","volume":"50","author":"Richner M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Richner M, Ulrichsen M, Elmegaard SL, Dieu R, Pallesen LT, Vaegter CB. 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Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2018;52(4):427\u2013435."},{"issue":"10","key":"b2","series-title":"Neurol Res","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Growth factor and stem cell enhanced conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair","volume":"30","author":"Kemp SW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kemp SW, Walsh SK, Midha R. Growth factor and stem cell enhanced conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. Neurol Res. 2008;30(10):1030\u20131038."},{"issue":"7","key":"b3","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","first-page":"760","article-title":"Technical assessment of connector-assisted nerve repair","volume":"41","author":"Isaacs J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isaacs J, Safa B, Evans PJ, Greenberg J. Technical assessment of connector-assisted nerve repair. J Hand Surg Am. 2016;41(7):760\u2013766."},{"issue":"2","key":"b4","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"166","article-title":"The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft","volume":"56","author":"Terzis J","year":"1975","unstructured":"Terzis J, Faibisoff B, Williams B. The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1975;56(2):166\u2013170."},{"issue":"3","key":"b5","series-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev","first-page":"63","article-title":"Sutureless nerve repair at the fascicular level using a nerve coupler","volume":"26","author":"Marshall DM","year":"1989","unstructured":"Marshall DM, Grosser M, Stephanides MC, Keeley RD, Rosen JM. Sutureless nerve repair at the fascicular level using a nerve coupler. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1989;26(3):63\u201376."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"725","article-title":"Current issues in nerve repair","volume":"119","author":"Terris DJ","year":"1993","unstructured":"Terris DJ, Fee WE Jr. Current issues in nerve repair. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119(7):725\u2013731."},{"issue":"3","key":"b7","series-title":"Microsurgery","first-page":"256","article-title":"Refinements of nerve repair with connector-assisted coaptation","volume":"37","author":"Ducic I","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducic I, Safa B, DeVinney E. Refinements of nerve repair with connector-assisted coaptation. Microsurgery. 2017;37(3):256\u2013263."},{"issue":"1","key":"b8","series-title":"Neural Regen Res","first-page":"71","article-title":"Biological conduit small gap sleeve bridging method for peripheral nerve injury: regeneration law of nerve fibers in the conduit","volume":"10","author":"Zhang PX","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang PX, LiYa A, Kou YH,  Biological conduit small gap sleeve bridging method for peripheral nerve injury: regeneration law of nerve fibers in the conduit. Neural Regen Res. 2015;10(1):71\u201378."},{"issue":"5","key":"b9","series-title":"Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol","first-page":"457","article-title":"The electrophysiology analysis of biological conduit sleeve bridging rhesus monkey median nerve injury with small gap","volume":"36","author":"Zhang P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang P, Yin X, Kou Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Jiang B. The electrophysiology analysis of biological conduit sleeve bridging rhesus monkey median nerve injury with small gap. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol. 2008;36(5):457\u2013463."},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosci","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Preferential reinnervation of motor nerves by regenerating motor axons","volume":"8","author":"Brushart TM","year":"1988","unstructured":"Brushart TM. Preferential reinnervation of motor nerves by regenerating motor axons. J Neurosci. 1988;8(3):1026\u20131031."},{"issue":"6","key":"b11","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"793","article-title":"Target-specific nerve regeneration through a nerve guide in the rat","volume":"78","author":"Seckel BR","year":"1986","unstructured":"Seckel BR, Ryan SE, Gagne RG, Chiu TH, Watkins E Jr. Target-specific nerve regeneration through a nerve guide in the rat. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1986;78(6):793\u2013800."},{"issue":"3","key":"b12","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","first-page":"391","article-title":"A 25-year perspective of peripheral nerve surgery: evolving neuroscientific concepts and clinical significance","volume":"25","author":"Lundborg G","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lundborg G. A 25-year perspective of peripheral nerve surgery: evolving neuroscientific concepts and clinical significance. J Hand Surg Am. 2000;25(3):391\u2013414."},{"issue":"7","key":"b13","series-title":"Microsurgery","first-page":"562","article-title":"Does the addition of a nerve wrap to a motor nerve repair affect motor outcomes?","volume":"34","author":"Lee JY","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee JY, Parisi TJ, Friedrich PF, Bishop AT, Shin AY. Does the addition of a nerve wrap to a motor nerve repair affect motor outcomes? Microsurgery. 2014;34(7):562\u2013567."},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"Stem Cell Rev Rep","first-page":"382","article-title":"Artificial nerve containing stem cells, vascularity and scaffold; review of our studies","volume":"19","author":"Kakinoki R","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kakinoki R, Akagi M. Artificial nerve containing stem cells, vascularity and scaffold; review of our studies. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2023;19(2):382\u2013391."},{"issue":"5","key":"b15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E1105","article-title":"Regeneration of peripheral motor nerve gaps with a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube: technical case report","volume":"61","author":"Inada Y","year":"2007","unstructured":"Inada Y, Hosoi H, Yamashita A,  Regeneration of peripheral motor nerve gaps with a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube: technical case report. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(5):E1105.E1107."},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"Exp Neurol","first-page":"539","article-title":"Axotomy or compression is required for axonal sprouting following end-to-side neurorrhaphy","volume":"211","author":"Hayashi A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hayashi A, Pannucci C, Moradzadeh A,  Axotomy or compression is required for axonal sprouting following end-to-side neurorrhaphy. Exp Neurol. 2008;211(2):539\u2013550."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurosci Methods","first-page":"29","article-title":"Interpreting nerve morphometry data after experimental traumatic lesions","volume":"58","author":"de Medinaceli L","year":"1995","unstructured":"de Medinaceli L. Interpreting nerve morphometry data after experimental traumatic lesions. J Neurosci Methods. 1995;58(1-2):29\u201337."},{"issue":"11","key":"b18","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e7754","article-title":"What is the optimal value of the g-ratio for myelinated fibers in the rat CNS? A theoretical approach","volume":"4","author":"Chomiak T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chomiak T, Hu B. What is the optimal value of the g-ratio for myelinated fibers in the rat CNS? A theoretical approach. PLoS One. 2009;4(11):e7754."},{"issue":"3","key":"b19","series-title":"Neurosci Lett","first-page":"161","article-title":"Intrathecal alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine inhibits mechanical transmission in mouse spinal cord via activation of muscarinic M1 receptors","volume":"322","author":"Honda K","year":"2002","unstructured":"Honda K, Koga K, Moriyama T, Koguchi M, Takano Y, Kamiya H. Intrathecal alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine inhibits mechanical transmission in mouse spinal cord via activation of muscarinic M1 receptors. 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Neural Regen Res. 2019;14(1):24\u201333."},{"issue":"5","key":"b22","series-title":"Cell","first-page":"1127","article-title":"Macrophage-induced blood vessels guide schwann cell-mediated regeneration of peripheral nerves","volume":"162","author":"Cattin AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cattin AL, Burden JJ, Van Emmenis L,  Macrophage-induced blood vessels guide schwann cell-mediated regeneration of peripheral nerves. Cell. 2015;162(5):1127\u20131139."},{"issue":"8","key":"b23","series-title":"Neural Regen Res","first-page":"1335","article-title":"Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair","volume":"14","author":"Liu P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu P, Peng J, Han GH,  Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair. 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