{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T07:44:41Z","timestamp":1774683881210,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Transradial access (TRA) has gained popularity among neurointerventionalists due to its shorter procedure time and fewer complications compared to transfemoral access (TFA). The literature on the feasibility of TRA in pediatric patients undergoing intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) for retinoblastoma (Rb) is limited. This study compares procedural efficiency and postoperative recovery time among IAC patients undergoing TRA versus TFA.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n The authors conducted a retrospective single-center study of pediatric patients undergoing IAC through TRA or TFA for Rb from January 2019 to January 2025. Outcomes of interest were procedure time, recovery time in the postanesthesia care unit, and dose of dexmedetomidine (mcg\/kg) received during recovery. Inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs) was used to adjust for confounding variables between the two treatment groups (TRA vs TFA).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 255 IAC procedures included, 14.9% (n = 38) of cases were performed through TRA and 85.1% (n = 217) through TFA. In the unadjusted analysis, TRA was associated with a mean 27.3-minute decrease in procedure time (95% CI \u221235.22 to \u221219.38 minutes, p < 0.001), 136.91-minute decrease in recovery time (95% CI \u2212195.49 to \u221278.32 minutes, p < 0.001), and a 102.55-mcg\/kg reduction in dexmedetomidine dose during the postoperative period (95% CI \u2212120.33 to \u221284.78 mcg\/kg, p < 0.001). After IPTWs adjustment, TRA was associated with a mean 33.17-minute decrease in procedure time compared to TFA (95% CI \u221239.38 to \u221226.97 minutes, p < 0.001) and a mean 2459.9-mGy\u22c5cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n (95% CI \u22124139.24 to \u2212780.52 mGy\u22c5cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n , p < 0.01) decrease in radiation exposure. TRA patients experienced a mean 158.58-minute decrease in recovery time (95% CI \u2212214.95 to \u2212102.23 minutes, p < 0.001) and also received lower doses of dexmedetomidine (mcg\/kg) compared to TFA (mean \u2212106.95, 95% CI \u2212117.16 to \u221296.73 mcg\/kg; p < 0.001). One patient in each group (TRA and TFA) developed bronchospasm. One patient developed ophthalmic artery occlusion during their third IAC procedure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n In pediatric patients undergoing IAC for Rb, TRA is associated with reduced radiation exposure, shorter procedure and recovery time, and lower sedation requirements compared to TFA.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.8.peds25313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T17:46:10Z","timestamp":1767894370000},"page":"152-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transradial versus transfemoral access for pediatric intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Joanna M.","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pious D.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Basel","family":"Musmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Mounzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Winiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antony","family":"Fuleihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Eichbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony Yulin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sravanthi","family":"Koduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stavropoula I.","family":"Tjoumakaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Reid","family":"Gooch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Rosenwasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Romo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal M.","family":"Jabbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"b1","series-title":"Br J Ophthalmol","first-page":"544","article-title":"Choroidal invasion of retinoblastoma: metastatic potential and clinical risk factors","volume":"77","author":"Shields CL","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shields CL, Shields JA, Baez KA, Cater J, De Potter PV. Choroidal invasion of retinoblastoma: metastatic potential and clinical risk factors. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77(9):544\u2013548."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"692","article-title":"Optic nerve invasion of retinoblastoma. Metastatic potential and clinical risk factors","volume":"73","author":"Shields CL","year":"1994","unstructured":"Shields CL, Shields JA, Baez K, Cater JR, De Potter P. Optic nerve invasion of retinoblastoma. Metastatic potential and clinical risk factors. Cancer. 1994;73(3):692\u2013698."},{"issue":"6","key":"b3","series-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol","first-page":"435","article-title":"Orbital retinoblastoma: an update","volume":"65","author":"Honavar SG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Honavar SG, Manjandavida FP, Reddy VAP. Orbital retinoblastoma: an update. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(6):435\u2013442."},{"issue":"7","key":"b4","series-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol","first-page":"357","article-title":"Distant metastatic retinoblastoma without central nervous system involvement","volume":"61","author":"Ali MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali MJ, Honavar SG, Reddy VA. Distant metastatic retinoblastoma without central nervous system involvement. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2013;61(7):357\u2013359."},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"822330","article-title":"Treatment of retinoblastoma: what is the latest and what is the future","volume":"12","author":"Schaiquevich P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schaiquevich P, Francis JH, Cancela MB, Carcaboso AM, Chantada GL, Abramson DH. Treatment of retinoblastoma: what is the latest and what is the future. Front Oncol. 2022;12:822330."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in infants \u226410 kg: 74 treated eyes with 222 IAC sessions","volume":"41","author":"Sweid A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sweid A, Hammoud B, Weinberg JH, Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in infants \u226410 kg: 74 treated eyes with 222 IAC sessions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(7):1286\u20131292."},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"956","article-title":"The use of alternative routes for the delivery of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","volume":"87","author":"Sweid A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sweid A, Hammoud B, Texakalidis P, The use of alternative routes for the delivery of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(5):956\u2013963."},{"issue":"4","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"398","article-title":"Advancements in super-selective catheterization and drug selection for intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a 15-year evolution","volume":"16","author":"Kocharian G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kocharian G, Gobin YP, Kharas N, Knopman J, Francis JH, Abramson DH. Advancements in super-selective catheterization and drug selection for intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a 15-year evolution. J Neurointerv Surg. 2024;16(4):398\u2013404."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"105824","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma via the transradial route: technique, feasibility, and case series","volume":"194","author":"Al Saiegh F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al Saiegh F, Chalouhi N, Sweid A, Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma via the transradial route: technique, feasibility, and case series. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020;194:105824."},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"14001","article-title":"Emerging predictors of femoral artery occlusion after pediatric cardiac catheterization","volume":"10","author":"Kou L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kou L, Wang Q, Long WA, Tang F, Li L. Emerging predictors of femoral artery occlusion after pediatric cardiac catheterization. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):14001."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv","first-page":"454","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for acute occlusive arterial injury following pediatric cardiac catheterization: a large single-center cohort study","volume":"82","author":"Glatz AC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glatz AC, Shah SS, McCarthy AL, Prevalence of and risk factors for acute occlusive arterial injury following pediatric cardiac catheterization: a large single-center cohort study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013;82(3):454\u2013462."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg. Published online February","article-title":"Catheterization complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","volume":"25,","author":"Schreiber C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schreiber C, Kocharian G, Kharas N, Catheterization complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. J Neurointerv Surg. Published online February 25,2025. doi:10.1136\/jnis-2024-022881"},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E510","article-title":"Lessons learned after 760 neurointerventions via the upper extremity vasculature: pearls and pitfalls","volume":"88","author":"Sweid A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sweid A, Weinberg JH, Khanna O, Lessons learned after 760 neurointerventions via the upper extremity vasculature: pearls and pitfalls. Neurosurgery. 2021;88(6):E510\u2013E522."},{"issue":"4","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"977","article-title":"Procedural outcomes of the transradial versus transfemoral approach for diagnostic cerebral angiograms according to BMI: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"142","author":"Roy JM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roy JM, Ahmed MT, El Naamani K, Procedural outcomes of the transradial versus transfemoral approach for diagnostic cerebral angiograms according to BMI: a propensity score-matched analysis. J Neurosurg. 2025;142(4):977\u2013983."},{"issue":"9","key":"b15","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"2587","article-title":"Radial artery catheterization for neuroendovascular procedures","volume":"50","author":"Khanna O","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khanna O, Sweid A, Mouchtouris N, Radial artery catheterization for neuroendovascular procedures. Stroke. 2019;50(9):2587\u20132590."},{"issue":"9","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"874","article-title":"Transradial cerebral angiography: techniques and outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Snelling BM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snelling BM, Sur S, Shah SS, Transradial cerebral angiography: techniques and outcomes. J Neurointerv Surg. 2018;10(9):874\u2013881."},{"issue":"9","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"893","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of transradial access for pediatric neurointerventions","volume":"12","author":"Srinivasan VM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Srinivasan VM, Hadley CC, Prablek M, Feasibility and safety of transradial access for pediatric neurointerventions. J Neurointerv Surg. 2020;12(9):893\u2013896."},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"Interv Neuroradiol","first-page":"381","article-title":"Transradial access for pediatric teenage neurointervention: a single-center case series","volume":"28","author":"Cox P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cox P, Riveros R, Torres F, Venegas A, Carvajal Y. Transradial access for pediatric teenage neurointervention: a single-center case series. Interv Neuroradiol. 2022;28(4):381\u2013385."},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"492","article-title":"First case series of the transradial approach for neurointerventional procedures in pediatric patients","volume":"25","author":"Majmundar N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Majmundar N, Patel P, Dodson V, First case series of the transradial approach for neurointerventional procedures in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2020;25(5):492\u2013496."},{"issue":"3","key":"b20","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"391","article-title":"Estimation of radiation exposure of children undergoing superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma treatment: assessment of local diagnostic reference levels as a function of age, sex, and interventional success","volume":"63","author":"Opitz M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Opitz M, Bos D, Deuschl C, Estimation of radiation exposure of children undergoing superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma treatment: assessment of local diagnostic reference levels as a function of age, sex, and interventional success. Neuroradiology. 2021;63(3):391\u2013398."},{"issue":"2","key":"b21","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"281","article-title":"Ultrasound visual image-guided vs Doppler auditory-assisted radial artery cannulation in infants and small children by non-expert anaesthesiologists: a randomized prospective study","volume":"110","author":"Ueda K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ueda K, Puangsuvan S, Hove MA, Bayman EO. Ultrasound visual image-guided vs Doppler auditory-assisted radial artery cannulation in infants and small children by non-expert anaesthesiologists: a randomized prospective study. Br J Anaesth. 2013;110(2):281\u2013286."},{"issue":"2","key":"b22","series-title":"Paediatr Anaesth","first-page":"120","article-title":"Prospective analysis of serious cardiorespiratory events in children during ophthalmic artery chemotherapy for retinoblastoma under a deep standardized anesthesia","volume":"28","author":"Nghe MC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nghe MC, Godier A, Shaffii A, Prospective analysis of serious cardiorespiratory events in children during ophthalmic artery chemotherapy for retinoblastoma under a deep standardized anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018;28(2):120\u2013126."},{"issue":"12","key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Ravindran K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ravindran K, Dalvin LA, Pulido JS, Brinjikji W. Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurointerv Surg. 2019;11(12):1266\u20131272."},{"issue":"22","key":"b24","series-title":"Circulation","first-page":"2277","article-title":"The learning curve for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention among operators in the United States: a study from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry","volume":"129","author":"Hess CN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hess CN, Peterson ED, Neely ML, The learning curve for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention among operators in the United States: a study from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. Circulation. 2014;129(22):2277\u20132286."},{"issue":"9","key":"b1","series-title":"Br J Ophthalmol","first-page":"544","article-title":"Choroidal invasion of retinoblastoma: metastatic potential and clinical risk factors","volume":"77","author":"Shields CL","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shields CL, Shields JA, Baez KA, Cater J, De Potter PV. Choroidal invasion of retinoblastoma: metastatic potential and clinical risk factors. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77(9):544\u2013548."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"692","article-title":"Optic nerve invasion of retinoblastoma. Metastatic potential and clinical risk factors","volume":"73","author":"Shields CL","year":"1994","unstructured":"Shields CL, Shields JA, Baez K, Cater JR, De Potter P. Optic nerve invasion of retinoblastoma. Metastatic potential and clinical risk factors. Cancer. 1994;73(3):692\u2013698."},{"issue":"6","key":"b3","series-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol","first-page":"435","article-title":"Orbital retinoblastoma: an update","volume":"65","author":"Honavar SG","year":"2017","unstructured":"Honavar SG, Manjandavida FP, Reddy VAP. Orbital retinoblastoma: an update. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(6):435\u2013442."},{"issue":"7","key":"b4","series-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol","first-page":"357","article-title":"Distant metastatic retinoblastoma without central nervous system involvement","volume":"61","author":"Ali MJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali MJ, Honavar SG, Reddy VA. Distant metastatic retinoblastoma without central nervous system involvement. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2013;61(7):357\u2013359."},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"822330","article-title":"Treatment of retinoblastoma: what is the latest and what is the future","volume":"12","author":"Schaiquevich P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schaiquevich P, Francis JH, Cancela MB, Carcaboso AM, Chantada GL, Abramson DH. Treatment of retinoblastoma: what is the latest and what is the future. Front Oncol. 2022;12:822330."},{"issue":"7","key":"b6","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in infants \u226410 kg: 74 treated eyes with 222 IAC sessions","volume":"41","author":"Sweid A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sweid A, Hammoud B, Weinberg JH, Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma in infants \u226410 kg: 74 treated eyes with 222 IAC sessions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(7):1286\u20131292."},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"956","article-title":"The use of alternative routes for the delivery of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","volume":"87","author":"Sweid A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sweid A, Hammoud B, Texakalidis P, The use of alternative routes for the delivery of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(5):956\u2013963."},{"issue":"4","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"398","article-title":"Advancements in super-selective catheterization and drug selection for intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a 15-year evolution","volume":"16","author":"Kocharian G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kocharian G, Gobin YP, Kharas N, Knopman J, Francis JH, Abramson DH. Advancements in super-selective catheterization and drug selection for intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a 15-year evolution. J Neurointerv Surg. 2024;16(4):398\u2013404."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"105824","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma via the transradial route: technique, feasibility, and case series","volume":"194","author":"Al Saiegh F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al Saiegh F, Chalouhi N, Sweid A, Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma via the transradial route: technique, feasibility, and case series. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020;194:105824."},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"14001","article-title":"Emerging predictors of femoral artery occlusion after pediatric cardiac catheterization","volume":"10","author":"Kou L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kou L, Wang Q, Long WA, Tang F, Li L. Emerging predictors of femoral artery occlusion after pediatric cardiac catheterization. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):14001."},{"issue":"3","key":"b11","series-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv","first-page":"454","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for acute occlusive arterial injury following pediatric cardiac catheterization: a large single-center cohort study","volume":"82","author":"Glatz AC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glatz AC, Shah SS, McCarthy AL, Prevalence of and risk factors for acute occlusive arterial injury following pediatric cardiac catheterization: a large single-center cohort study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013;82(3):454\u2013462."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg. Published online February","article-title":"Catheterization complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","volume":"25,","author":"Schreiber C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schreiber C, Kocharian G, Kharas N, Catheterization complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. J Neurointerv Surg. Published online February 25,2025. doi:10.1136\/jnis-2024-022881"},{"issue":"6","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E510","article-title":"Lessons learned after 760 neurointerventions via the upper extremity vasculature: pearls and pitfalls","volume":"88","author":"Sweid A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sweid A, Weinberg JH, Khanna O, Lessons learned after 760 neurointerventions via the upper extremity vasculature: pearls and pitfalls. Neurosurgery. 2021;88(6):E510\u2013E522."},{"issue":"4","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"977","article-title":"Procedural outcomes of the transradial versus transfemoral approach for diagnostic cerebral angiograms according to BMI: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"142","author":"Roy JM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roy JM, Ahmed MT, El Naamani K, Procedural outcomes of the transradial versus transfemoral approach for diagnostic cerebral angiograms according to BMI: a propensity score-matched analysis. J Neurosurg. 2025;142(4):977\u2013983."},{"issue":"9","key":"b15","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"2587","article-title":"Radial artery catheterization for neuroendovascular procedures","volume":"50","author":"Khanna O","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khanna O, Sweid A, Mouchtouris N, Radial artery catheterization for neuroendovascular procedures. Stroke. 2019;50(9):2587\u20132590."},{"issue":"9","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"874","article-title":"Transradial cerebral angiography: techniques and outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Snelling BM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snelling BM, Sur S, Shah SS, Transradial cerebral angiography: techniques and outcomes. J Neurointerv Surg. 2018;10(9):874\u2013881."},{"issue":"9","key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"893","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of transradial access for pediatric neurointerventions","volume":"12","author":"Srinivasan VM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Srinivasan VM, Hadley CC, Prablek M, Feasibility and safety of transradial access for pediatric neurointerventions. J Neurointerv Surg. 2020;12(9):893\u2013896."},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"Interv Neuroradiol","first-page":"381","article-title":"Transradial access for pediatric teenage neurointervention: a single-center case series","volume":"28","author":"Cox P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cox P, Riveros R, Torres F, Venegas A, Carvajal Y. Transradial access for pediatric teenage neurointervention: a single-center case series. Interv Neuroradiol. 2022;28(4):381\u2013385."},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"492","article-title":"First case series of the transradial approach for neurointerventional procedures in pediatric patients","volume":"25","author":"Majmundar N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Majmundar N, Patel P, Dodson V, First case series of the transradial approach for neurointerventional procedures in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2020;25(5):492\u2013496."},{"issue":"3","key":"b20","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"391","article-title":"Estimation of radiation exposure of children undergoing superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma treatment: assessment of local diagnostic reference levels as a function of age, sex, and interventional success","volume":"63","author":"Opitz M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Opitz M, Bos D, Deuschl C, Estimation of radiation exposure of children undergoing superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma treatment: assessment of local diagnostic reference levels as a function of age, sex, and interventional success. Neuroradiology. 2021;63(3):391\u2013398."},{"issue":"2","key":"b21","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"281","article-title":"Ultrasound visual image-guided vs Doppler auditory-assisted radial artery cannulation in infants and small children by non-expert anaesthesiologists: a randomized prospective study","volume":"110","author":"Ueda K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ueda K, Puangsuvan S, Hove MA, Bayman EO. Ultrasound visual image-guided vs Doppler auditory-assisted radial artery cannulation in infants and small children by non-expert anaesthesiologists: a randomized prospective study. Br J Anaesth. 2013;110(2):281\u2013286."},{"issue":"2","key":"b22","series-title":"Paediatr Anaesth","first-page":"120","article-title":"Prospective analysis of serious cardiorespiratory events in children during ophthalmic artery chemotherapy for retinoblastoma under a deep standardized anesthesia","volume":"28","author":"Nghe MC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nghe MC, Godier A, Shaffii A, Prospective analysis of serious cardiorespiratory events in children during ophthalmic artery chemotherapy for retinoblastoma under a deep standardized anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018;28(2):120\u2013126."},{"issue":"12","key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Ravindran K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ravindran K, Dalvin LA, Pulido JS, Brinjikji W. Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurointerv Surg. 2019;11(12):1266\u20131272."},{"issue":"22","key":"b24","series-title":"Circulation","first-page":"2277","article-title":"The learning curve for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention among operators in the United States: a study from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry","volume":"129","author":"Hess CN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hess CN, Peterson ED, Neely ML, The learning curve for transradial percutaneous coronary intervention among operators in the United States: a study from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. 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