{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T16:07:12Z","timestamp":1776096432032,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) can be performed as a stand-alone procedure, with lateral plate and screw fixation, or with supplemental posterior instrumented fusion. In vitro biomechanical data suggest that lateral plate fixation limits segmental motion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of lateral screw and plate fixation on the rate and grade of long-term radiographic implant subsidence after LLIF.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n A review of patients who underwent LLIF for degenerative lumbar spondylosis from 2014 to 2022 at two quaternary referral centers was conducted. All patients underwent CT evaluation a minimum of 1 year after surgery. Patients with posterior instrumented fusion were excluded. Age, sex, BMI, smoking status, cage material, and the bone density of the operative level (in Hounsfield units) were collected. Postoperative implant subsidence at the long-term follow-up was graded according to Marchi criteria by two separate spine surgeons. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Overall, 146 patients (219 surgical levels; 85 female, mean age 67.9 years) met inclusion criteria. Sixty-five patients (45%) underwent LLIF with lateral plate and screw fixation, and 81 patients (55%) underwent stand-alone LLIF. No intraoperative subsidence was observed. In the univariate analysis, age, sex, smoking status, bone density at the operative level, and BMI were not significantly associated with radiographic subsidence on a per-level basis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that a 3D-printed porous titanium cage was moderately associated with reduced subsidence (OR 0.401, 95% CI 0.202\u20131.069; p = 0.071). Lateral plate fixation was significantly associated with reduced subsidence (OR 0.484, 95% CI 0.099\u20130.652; p = 0.006). All 4 patients (4.9%) with grade II (severe) subsidence underwent stand-alone LLIF. One patient with lateral plating experienced delayed vertebral body fracture. All patients with lateral plates received 18-mm-wide interbody implants, while all but 2 patients who underwent stand-alone LLIF received 22-mm-wide implants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n LLIF with lateral plate and screw fixation was significantly associated with a lower rate of radiographic subsidence at the long-term follow-up compared with stand-alone LLIF. There was no significant difference in the reoperation rate between the two procedure groups. No cases of reoperation were identified in patients who received 3D-printed porous titanium cages, and there was a trend toward the superiority of 3D-printed porous titanium over PEEK cage material. The results of this study suggest that LLIF with lateral plate and screw fixation has potential to protect against severe (grade II or worse) radiographic subsidence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.8.spine25226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T12:00:16Z","timestamp":1769083216000},"page":"493-497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of lateral plate and screw fixation on long-term radiographic subsidence in lateral lumbar interbody fusion"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Hudson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohit Prem","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris Z.","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Legarreta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Raymond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rida","family":"Mitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Buell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Kojo","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David O.","family":"Okonkwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam S.","family":"Kanter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hoag Specialty Clinics, Newport Beach, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent J.","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"740","article-title":"Stand-alone minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion: multicenter clinical outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Ahmadian A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmadian A, Bach K, Bolinger B, Stand-alone minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion: multicenter clinical outcomes. J Clin Neurosci. 2015;22(4):740\u2013746."},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e1037","article-title":"Analysis of cost and 30 day outcomes in single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and less invasive, stand-alone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion","volume":"122","author":"Hartman C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hartman C, Hemphill C, Godzik J, Analysis of cost and 30 day outcomes in single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and less invasive, stand-alone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:e1037\u2013e1040."},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"80","article-title":"Predictors of indirect neural decompression in minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"35","author":"Walker CT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Walker CT, Xu DS, Cole TS, Predictors of indirect neural decompression in minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021;35(1):80\u201390."},{"key":"b4","series-title":"ScientificWorldJournal","first-page":"516706","article-title":"The effect of the retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion on the segmental and regional lumbar lordosis","volume":"2012","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Vivas AC, Dakwar E, Baaj AA, Uribe JS. The effect of the retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion on the segmental and regional lumbar lordosis. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:516706."},{"issue":"3","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"291","article-title":"Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation: laboratory investigation","volume":"20","author":"Fogel GR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fogel GR, Parikh RD, Ryu SI, Turner AW. Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation: laboratory investigation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;20(3):291\u2013297."},{"issue":"16","key":"b6","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1081","article-title":"When indirect decompression fails: a review of 220 consecutive direct lateral interbody fusions and unplanned secondary decompression","volume":"46","author":"Morgan CD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morgan CD, Walker CT, Godzik J, When indirect decompression fails: a review of 220 consecutive direct lateral interbody fusions and unplanned secondary decompression. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2021;46(16):1081\u20131086."},{"issue":"1","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"50","article-title":"Graft subsidence as a predictor of revision surgery following stand-alone lateral interbody fusion","volume":"28","author":"Tempel ZJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, McDowell MM, Panczykowski DM, Graft subsidence as a predictor of revision surgery following stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;28(1):50\u201356."},{"issue":"24","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"414","article-title":"Impaired bone mineral density as a predictor of graft subsidence following minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"2015","author":"Tempel ZJ","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, Gandhoke GS, Okonkwo DO, Kanter AS. Impaired bone mineral density as a predictor of graft subsidence following minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J. 2015;24Suppl 3:414\u2013419."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e417","article-title":"Computed tomography Hounsfield units as a predictor of reoperation and graft subsidence after standalone and multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"161","author":"Guha D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guha D, Mushlin HM, Muthiah N, Computed tomography Hounsfield units as a predictor of reoperation and graft subsidence after standalone and multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2022;161:e417\u2013e426."},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"12","article-title":"Impact of endplate-implant area mismatch on rates and grades of subsidence following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: an analysis of 623 levels","volume":"33","author":"Agarwal N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agarwal N, White MD, Zhang X, Impact of endplate-implant area mismatch on rates and grades of subsidence following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: an analysis of 623 levels. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020;33(1):12\u201316."},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"663","article-title":"Subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion using 3D-printed porous titanium interbody cage: single institution series","volume":"37","author":"Alan N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alan N, Vodovotz L, Muthiah N, Subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion using 3D-printed porous titanium interbody cage: single institution series. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;37(5):663\u2013669."},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"110","article-title":"Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion","volume":"19","author":"Marchi L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marchi L, Abdala N, Oliveira L, Amaral R, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;19(1):110\u2013118."},{"key":"b13","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"644","article-title":"Elimination of subsidence with 26-mm-wide cages in extreme lateral interbody fusion","volume":"104","author":"Lang G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lang G, Navarro-Ramirez R, Gandevia L, Elimination of subsidence with 26-mm-wide cages in extreme lateral interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2017;104:644\u2013652."},{"issue":"26 Suppl","key":"b14","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"S331","article-title":"A radiographic assessment of the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion procedure to indirectly decompress the neural elements","volume":"35","author":"Oliveira L","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oliveira L, Marchi L, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. A radiographic assessment of the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion procedure to indirectly decompress the neural elements. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2010;35(26 Suppl):S331\u2013S337."},{"issue":"14","key":"b15","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1268","article-title":"Subsidence of polyetheretherketone intervertebral cages in minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"37","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Baaj AA, Dakwar E, Subsidence of polyetheretherketone intervertebral cages in minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2012;37(14):1268\u20131273."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Global Spine J","article-title":"Do three-dimensional printed porous titanium relative to polyetheretherketone interbody cages reduce complications and revisions after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?","author":"Levy HA","unstructured":"Levy HA, Hamouda AM, Magera CA, Do three-dimensional printed porous titanium relative to polyetheretherketone interbody cages reduce complications and revisions after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?. Global Spine J. Published online May 19, 2025. doi:10.1177\/21925682251339998"},{"issue":"11","key":"b17","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"1816","article-title":"Fusion rate for stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Manzur MK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manzur MK, Steinhaus ME, Virk SS, Fusion rate for stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review. Spine J. 2020;20(11):1816\u20131825."},{"issue":"3","key":"b18","series-title":"Global Spine J","first-page":"351","article-title":"An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion device with integrated lateral modular plate fixation","volume":"11","author":"DenHaese R","year":"2021","unstructured":"DenHaese R, Gandhi A, Ferry C, Farmer S, Porter R. An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion device with integrated lateral modular plate fixation. Global Spine J. 2021;11(3):351\u2013358."},{"issue":"1","key":"b19","series-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord","first-page":"280","article-title":"Cadaveric biomechanical analysis of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion with and without supplemental instrumentation","volume":"22","author":"Lai O","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lai O, Chen Y, Chen Q, Hu Y, Ma W. Cadaveric biomechanical analysis of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion with and without supplemental instrumentation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):280."},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"720","article-title":"Biomechanical evaluation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion with secondary augmentation","volume":"25","author":"Reis MT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reis MT, Reyes PM, Altun I, Biomechanical evaluation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion with secondary augmentation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;25(6):720\u2013726."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"b21","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"409","article-title":"Vertebral body fracture following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF): report of two events out of 712 levels","volume":"24","author":"Tempel ZJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, Gandhoke GS, Bolinger BD, Okonkwo DO, Kanter AS. Vertebral body fracture following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF): report of two events out of 712 levels. Eur Spine J. 2015;24Suppl 3:409\u2013413."},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"302","article-title":"Complications of lateral plating in the minimally invasive lateral transspoas approach","volume":"16","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Smith DA, Greenberg MS, Dakwar E, Baaj AA, Uribe JS. Complications of lateral plating in the minimally invasive lateral transspoas approach. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012;16(3):302\u2013307."},{"issue":"4","key":"b1","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"740","article-title":"Stand-alone minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion: multicenter clinical outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Ahmadian A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmadian A, Bach K, Bolinger B, Stand-alone minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion: multicenter clinical outcomes. J Clin Neurosci. 2015;22(4):740\u2013746."},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e1037","article-title":"Analysis of cost and 30 day outcomes in single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and less invasive, stand-alone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion","volume":"122","author":"Hartman C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hartman C, Hemphill C, Godzik J, Analysis of cost and 30 day outcomes in single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and less invasive, stand-alone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:e1037\u2013e1040."},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"80","article-title":"Predictors of indirect neural decompression in minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"35","author":"Walker CT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Walker CT, Xu DS, Cole TS, Predictors of indirect neural decompression in minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021;35(1):80\u201390."},{"key":"b4","series-title":"ScientificWorldJournal","first-page":"516706","article-title":"The effect of the retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion on the segmental and regional lumbar lordosis","volume":"2012","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Vivas AC, Dakwar E, Baaj AA, Uribe JS. The effect of the retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion on the segmental and regional lumbar lordosis. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:516706."},{"issue":"3","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"291","article-title":"Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation: laboratory investigation","volume":"20","author":"Fogel GR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fogel GR, Parikh RD, Ryu SI, Turner AW. Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation: laboratory investigation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;20(3):291\u2013297."},{"issue":"16","key":"b6","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1081","article-title":"When indirect decompression fails: a review of 220 consecutive direct lateral interbody fusions and unplanned secondary decompression","volume":"46","author":"Morgan CD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morgan CD, Walker CT, Godzik J, When indirect decompression fails: a review of 220 consecutive direct lateral interbody fusions and unplanned secondary decompression. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2021;46(16):1081\u20131086."},{"issue":"1","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"50","article-title":"Graft subsidence as a predictor of revision surgery following stand-alone lateral interbody fusion","volume":"28","author":"Tempel ZJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, McDowell MM, Panczykowski DM, Graft subsidence as a predictor of revision surgery following stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;28(1):50\u201356."},{"issue":"24","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"414","article-title":"Impaired bone mineral density as a predictor of graft subsidence following minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"2015","author":"Tempel ZJ","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, Gandhoke GS, Okonkwo DO, Kanter AS. Impaired bone mineral density as a predictor of graft subsidence following minimally invasive transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J. 2015;24Suppl 3:414\u2013419."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e417","article-title":"Computed tomography Hounsfield units as a predictor of reoperation and graft subsidence after standalone and multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"161","author":"Guha D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guha D, Mushlin HM, Muthiah N, Computed tomography Hounsfield units as a predictor of reoperation and graft subsidence after standalone and multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2022;161:e417\u2013e426."},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"12","article-title":"Impact of endplate-implant area mismatch on rates and grades of subsidence following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: an analysis of 623 levels","volume":"33","author":"Agarwal N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agarwal N, White MD, Zhang X, Impact of endplate-implant area mismatch on rates and grades of subsidence following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: an analysis of 623 levels. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020;33(1):12\u201316."},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"663","article-title":"Subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion using 3D-printed porous titanium interbody cage: single institution series","volume":"37","author":"Alan N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alan N, Vodovotz L, Muthiah N, Subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion using 3D-printed porous titanium interbody cage: single institution series. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;37(5):663\u2013669."},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"110","article-title":"Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion","volume":"19","author":"Marchi L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marchi L, Abdala N, Oliveira L, Amaral R, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;19(1):110\u2013118."},{"key":"b13","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"644","article-title":"Elimination of subsidence with 26-mm-wide cages in extreme lateral interbody fusion","volume":"104","author":"Lang G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lang G, Navarro-Ramirez R, Gandevia L, Elimination of subsidence with 26-mm-wide cages in extreme lateral interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2017;104:644\u2013652."},{"issue":"26 Suppl","key":"b14","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"S331","article-title":"A radiographic assessment of the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion procedure to indirectly decompress the neural elements","volume":"35","author":"Oliveira L","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oliveira L, Marchi L, Coutinho E, Pimenta L. A radiographic assessment of the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion procedure to indirectly decompress the neural elements. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2010;35(26 Suppl):S331\u2013S337."},{"issue":"14","key":"b15","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976).","first-page":"1268","article-title":"Subsidence of polyetheretherketone intervertebral cages in minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"37","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Baaj AA, Dakwar E, Subsidence of polyetheretherketone intervertebral cages in minimally invasive lateral retroperitoneal transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2012;37(14):1268\u20131273."},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Global Spine J","article-title":"Do three-dimensional printed porous titanium relative to polyetheretherketone interbody cages reduce complications and revisions after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?","author":"Levy HA","unstructured":"Levy HA, Hamouda AM, Magera CA, Do three-dimensional printed porous titanium relative to polyetheretherketone interbody cages reduce complications and revisions after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?. Global Spine J. Published online May 19, 2025. doi:10.1177\/21925682251339998"},{"issue":"11","key":"b17","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"1816","article-title":"Fusion rate for stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Manzur MK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Manzur MK, Steinhaus ME, Virk SS, Fusion rate for stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review. Spine J. 2020;20(11):1816\u20131825."},{"issue":"3","key":"b18","series-title":"Global Spine J","first-page":"351","article-title":"An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion device with integrated lateral modular plate fixation","volume":"11","author":"DenHaese R","year":"2021","unstructured":"DenHaese R, Gandhi A, Ferry C, Farmer S, Porter R. An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion device with integrated lateral modular plate fixation. Global Spine J. 2021;11(3):351\u2013358."},{"issue":"1","key":"b19","series-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord","first-page":"280","article-title":"Cadaveric biomechanical analysis of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion with and without supplemental instrumentation","volume":"22","author":"Lai O","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lai O, Chen Y, Chen Q, Hu Y, Ma W. Cadaveric biomechanical analysis of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion with and without supplemental instrumentation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):280."},{"issue":"6","key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"720","article-title":"Biomechanical evaluation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion with secondary augmentation","volume":"25","author":"Reis MT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reis MT, Reyes PM, Altun I, Biomechanical evaluation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion with secondary augmentation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;25(6):720\u2013726."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"b21","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"409","article-title":"Vertebral body fracture following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF): report of two events out of 712 levels","volume":"24","author":"Tempel ZJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tempel ZJ, Gandhoke GS, Bolinger BD, Okonkwo DO, Kanter AS. Vertebral body fracture following stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF): report of two events out of 712 levels. Eur Spine J. 2015;24Suppl 3:409\u2013413."},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"302","article-title":"Complications of lateral plating in the minimally invasive lateral transspoas approach","volume":"16","author":"Le TV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Le TV, Smith DA, Greenberg MS, Dakwar E, Baaj AA, Uribe JS. Complications of lateral plating in the minimally invasive lateral transspoas approach. 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