{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T10:25:04Z","timestamp":1794219904838,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple closure techniques may prevent CSF leak after transsphenoidal surgery for sellar lesions. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea requiring positive pressure ventilation (PPV), the optimal closure technique remains unclear. The authors assessed the efficacy of autologous abdominal fat graft repair for preventing CSF leaks in patients reinitiating PPV early after transsphenoidal surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was performed to review the records of consecutive patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal surgery with autologous fat (with or without fascia) graft repair between January 2018 and December 2024. Rates of CSF leak and other postoperative complications were compared based on the need for postoperative PPV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 609 included patients (84.1% pituitary adenomas, 12.0% Rathke\u2019s cleft cysts, 3.1% craniopharyngiomas, 0.8% meningiomas), 73 required PPV at baseline that was reinitiated at discharge (mean postoperative day 3.5 \u00b1 2.9). No significant baseline differences existed between these groups. Twenty patients had persistent CSF leaks requiring postoperative CSF diversion or reoperation (3 PPV patients [4.1%] and 17 non-PPV patients [3.2%]; p = 0.99). Of these, the leak developed after discharge in 1 PPV patient (1.4%) and 6 non-PPV patients (1.1%) (p = 0.837). No difference in relative risk existed for CSF leak in the PPV and non-PPV groups (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.320\u20134.198; p = 0.8108). There were no differences in other postoperative complication rates between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early initiation of PPV after transsphenoidal surgery with autologous abdominal fat (with or without fascia) grafting did not increase the risk of CSF leak, suggesting that it reasonably prevents leaks in patients with sleep apnea after transsphenoidal surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.1.jns251476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:55Z","timestamp":1779840055000},"page":"705-714","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The risk of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea from early resumption of positive pressure ventilation after transsphenoidal surgery with autologous fat graft repair"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Leo J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Couldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"539","article-title":"Variations on the standard transsphenoidal approach to the sellar region, with emphasis on the extended approaches and parasellar approaches: surgical experience in 105 cases","volume":"55","author":"Couldwell WT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Couldwell WT, Weiss MH, Rabb C, Liu JK, Apfelbaum RI, Fukushima T. Variations on the standard transsphenoidal approach to the sellar region, with emphasis on the extended approaches and parasellar approaches: surgical experience in 105 cases. Neurosurgery. 2004;55(3):539. doi:10.1227\/01.neu.0000134287.19377.a2"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"545","article-title":"Surgical results of pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for 331 pituitary adenomas: a 15-year experience from a single institution","volume":"96","author":"Jang JH","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jang JH, Kim KH, Lee YM, Kim JS, Kim YZ. Surgical results of pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for 331 pituitary adenomas: a 15-year experience from a single institution. World Neurosurg. 2016;96:545\u2013555. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.09.051"},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am","first-page":"411","article-title":"Microscopic transsphenoidal surgery in the era of endoscopy: are there any advantages?","volume":"55","author":"Rennert RC","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rennert RC, Fredrickson VL, Couldwell WT. Microscopic transsphenoidal surgery in the era of endoscopy: are there any advantages? Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2022;55(2):411\u2013420. doi:10.1016\/j.otc.2021.12.010"},{"issue":"6","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Pioneers in the development of transsphenoidal surgery: Theodor Kocher, Oskar Hirsch, and Norman Dott","volume":"95","author":"Lanzino G","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lanzino G, Laws ER. Pioneers in the development of transsphenoidal surgery: Theodor Kocher, Oskar Hirsch, and Norman Dott. J Neurosurg. 2001;95(6):1097\u20131103. doi:10.3171\/jns.2001.95.6.1097"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 2","key":"b5","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg","first-page":"295","article-title":"Graded repair of cranial base defects and cerebrospinal fluid leaks in transsphenoidal surgery","volume":"60","author":"Esposito F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Esposito F, Dusick JR, Fatemi N, Kelly DF. Graded repair of cranial base defects and cerebrospinal fluid leaks in transsphenoidal surgery. Oper Neurosurg. 2007;60(4 Suppl 2):295\u2013304. doi:10.1227\/01.NEU.0000255354.64077.66"},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"635","article-title":"Outcomes and surgical nuances in management of giant pituitary adenomas: a review of 108 cases in the endoscopic era","volume":"137","author":"Makarenko S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Makarenko S, Alzahrani I, Karsy M, Deopujari C, Couldwell WT. Outcomes and surgical nuances in management of giant pituitary adenomas: a review of 108 cases in the endoscopic era. J Neurosurg. 2022;137(3):635\u2013646. doi:10.3171\/2021.10.JNS21659"},{"issue":"3","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"Simple closure following transsphenoidal surgery: technical note","volume":"20","author":"Couldwell WT","year":"2006","unstructured":"Couldwell WT, Kan P, Weiss MH. Simple closure following transsphenoidal surgery: technical note. Neurosurg Focus. 2006;20(3):E11. doi:10.3171\/foc.2006.20.3.12"},{"issue":"5","key":"b8","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"554","article-title":"The history of autologous fat graft use for prevention of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after transsphenoidal approaches","volume":"80","author":"Ziu M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ziu M, Jimenez DF. The history of autologous fat graft use for prevention of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after transsphenoidal approaches. World Neurosurg. 2013;80(5):554\u2013562. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.08.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"b9","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"730","article-title":"Endoscopic reconstruction of surgically created skull base defects: a systematic review","volume":"150","author":"Soudry E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Soudry E, Turner JH, Nayak JV, Hwang PH. Endoscopic reconstruction of surgically created skull base defects: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;150(5):730\u2013738. doi:10.1177\/0194599814520685"},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"PLOS One","first-page":"e0245119","article-title":"Skull base reconstruction: a question of flow? A critical analysis of 521 endoscopic endonasal surgeries","volume":"16","author":"Perna GD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perna GD, Penner F, Cofano F,  Skull base reconstruction: a question of flow? A critical analysis of 521 endoscopic endonasal surgeries. PLOS One. 2021;16(3):e0245119. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0245119"},{"issue":"9","key":"b11","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults","volume":"177","author":"Peppard PE","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peppard PE, Young T, Barnet JH, Palta M, Hagen EW, Hla KM. Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(9):1006\u20131014. doi:10.1093\/aje\/kws342"},{"issue":"1","key":"b12","series-title":"J Am Heart Assoc","first-page":"e010440","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature and proposed multidisciplinary clinical management strategy","volume":"8","author":"Tietjens JR","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tietjens JR, Claman D, Kezirian EJ,  Obstructive sleep apnea in cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature and proposed multidisciplinary clinical management strategy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(1):e010440. doi:10.1161\/JAHA.118.010440"},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Eur J Endocrinol","first-page":"321","article-title":"Effect of transsphenoidal surgery on sleep apnoea in acromegaly","volume":"156","author":"Sze L","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sze L, Schmid C, Bloch KE, Bernays R, Br\u00e4ndle M. Effect of transsphenoidal surgery on sleep apnoea in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2007;156(3):321\u2013329. doi:10.1530\/eje.1.02340"},{"issue":"5","key":"b14","series-title":"Pituitary","first-page":"441","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with prolactinoma before and after treatment with dopamine agonists","volume":"17","author":"Barbosa FRP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barbosa FRP, Silva CM, Lima GAB,  Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with prolactinoma before and after treatment with dopamine agonists. Pituitary. 2014;17(5):441\u2013449. doi:10.1007\/s11102-013-0524-y"},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"J Clin Sleep Med","first-page":"335","article-title":"Treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnea with positive airway pressure: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline","volume":"15","author":"Patil SP","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patil SP, Ayappa IA, Caples SM, Kimoff RJ, Patel SR, Harrod CG. Treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnea with positive airway pressure: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019;15(2):335\u2013343. doi:10.5664\/jcsm.7640"},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"61","article-title":"Safety of restarting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery","volume":"8","author":"Chaskes MB","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaskes MB, Rabinowitz MR. Safety of restarting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;8(1):61\u201365. doi:10.1016\/j.wjorl.2021.07.002"},{"issue":"7","key":"b17","series-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis","first-page":"1095","article-title":"Perioperative management of obstructive sleep apnea in bariatric surgery: a consensus guideline","volume":"13","author":"de Raaff CAL","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Raaff CAL, Gorter-Stam MAW, de Vries N,  Perioperative management of obstructive sleep apnea in bariatric surgery: a consensus guideline. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017;13(7):1095\u20131109. doi:10.1016\/j.soard.2017.03.022"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e590","article-title":"The fate of fat graft in extended endoscopic transtuberculum-transplanum approaches","volume":"167","author":"d\u2019Avella E","year":"2022","unstructured":"d\u2019Avella E, Solari D, De Rosa A,  The fate of fat graft in extended endoscopic transtuberculum-transplanum approaches. World Neurosurg. 2022;167:e590\u2013e599. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.08.059"},{"issue":"6","key":"b19","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg","first-page":"667","article-title":"Abdominal fat graft for sellar reconstruction: retrospective outcomes review and technical note","volume":"16","author":"Roca E","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roca E, Penn DL, Safain MG, Burke WT, Castlen JP, Laws ERJ. Abdominal fat graft for sellar reconstruction: retrospective outcomes review and technical note. Oper Neurosurg. 2019;16(6):667\u2013674. doi:10.1093\/ons\/opy219"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e1252","article-title":"Safety and outcome of transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection in elderly patients","volume":"122","author":"Azab MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Azab MA, O\u2019Hagan M, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Karsy M, Guan J, Couldwell WT. Safety and outcome of transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection in elderly patients. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:e1252\u2013e1258. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.11.024"},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"J Clin Sleep Med","first-page":"781","article-title":"Iatrogenic nontraumatic CPAP-induced pneumocephalus in a patient with meningitis","volume":"15","author":"Charokopos A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Charokopos A, Card ME, Manes RP, Shaw A. Iatrogenic nontraumatic CPAP-induced pneumocephalus in a patient with meningitis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019;15(5):781\u2013783. doi:10.5664\/jcsm.7776"},{"issue":"6","key":"b22","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"e475","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks: a prospective cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Rabbani CC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rabbani CC, Saltagi MZ, Manchanda SK, Yates CW, Nelson RF. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks: a prospective cohort study. Otol Neurotol. 2018;39(6):e475\u2013e480. doi:10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001805"},{"issue":"14","key":"b23","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1389","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea: a review","volume":"323","author":"Gottlieb DJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gottlieb DJ, Punjabi NM. Diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea: a review. JAMA. 2020;323(14):1389\u20131400. doi:10.1001\/jama.2020.3514"},{"issue":"3","key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","first-page":"237","article-title":"Resumption of positive-pressure ventilation devices for obstructive sleep apnea following transsphenoidal surgery: an institutional experience of a surgical cohort","volume":"81","author":"Gravbrot N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gravbrot N, Jahnke H, White WL, Little AS. Resumption of positive-pressure ventilation devices for obstructive sleep apnea following transsphenoidal surgery: an institutional experience of a surgical cohort. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2020;81(3):237\u2013243. doi:10.1055\/s-0039-1688795"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"J Clin Anesth","first-page":"110993","article-title":"The effectiveness of positive airway pressure therapy in reducing postoperative adverse outcomes in surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Berezin L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Berezin L, Nagappa M, Poorzargar K,  The effectiveness of positive airway pressure therapy in reducing postoperative adverse outcomes in surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2023;84:110993. doi:10.1016\/j.jclinane.2022.110993"},{"issue":"3","key":"b26","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"1702616","article-title":"Challenges and perspectives in obstructive sleep apnoea: report by an ad hoc working group of the Sleep Disordered Breathing Group of the European Respiratory Society and the European Sleep Research Society","volume":"52","author":"Randerath W","year":"2018","unstructured":"Randerath W, Bassetti CL, Bonsignore MR,  Challenges and perspectives in obstructive sleep apnoea: report by an ad hoc working group of the Sleep Disordered Breathing Group of the European Respiratory Society and the European Sleep Research Society. Eur Respir J. 2018;52(3):1702616. doi:10.1183\/13993003.02616-2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"b27","series-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis","first-page":"175","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutrition, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of patients undergoing bariatric procedures \u2013 2019 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists\/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists","volume":"16","author":"Mechanick JI","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mechanick JI, Apovian C, Brethauer S,  Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutrition, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of patients undergoing bariatric procedures \u2013 2019 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists\/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2020;16(2):175\u2013247. doi:10.1002\/oby.22719"},{"issue":"4","key":"b28","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"967","article-title":"Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine guideline on intraoperative management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"127","author":"Memtsoudis SG","year":"2018","unstructured":"Memtsoudis SG, Cozowicz C, Nagappa M,  Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine guideline on intraoperative management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Anesth Analg. 2018;127(4):967\u2013987. doi:10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003434"},{"issue":"6","key":"b29","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"785","article-title":"Predicting prolonged length of stay after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma","volume":"10","author":"Vimawala S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vimawala S, Chitguppi C, Reilly E,  Predicting prolonged length of stay after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2020;10(6):785\u2013790. doi:10.1002\/alr.22540"},{"issue":"8","key":"b30","series-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"733","article-title":"Association between obstructive sleep apnea and spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"141","author":"Bakhsheshian J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bakhsheshian J, Hwang MS, Friedman M. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015;141(8):733\u2013738. doi:10.1001\/jamaoto.2015.1128"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"25","article-title":"Risk of post-operative pneumocephalus in patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing transsphenoidal surgery","volume":"29","author":"White-Dzuro GA","year":"2016","unstructured":"White-Dzuro GA, Maynard K, Zuckerman SL,  Risk of post-operative pneumocephalus in patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing transsphenoidal surgery. J Clin Neurosci. 2016;29:25\u201328. doi:10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.01.012"},{"issue":"3","key":"b32","series-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"351","article-title":"Perioperative management and complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: our institutional experience","volume":"30","author":"Rahimi E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rahimi E, Mariappan R, Tharmaradinam S, Manninen P, Venkatraghavan L. Perioperative management and complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: our institutional experience. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014;30(3):351\u2013354. doi:10.4103\/0970-9185.137266"},{"issue":"1","key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol","first-page":"36","article-title":"Immediate use of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: a case series","volume":"32","author":"Rieley W","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rieley W, Askari A, Akagami R, Gooderham PA, Swart PA, Flexman AM. Immediate use of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: a case series. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2020;32(1):36\u201340. doi:10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000573"},{"issue":"1","key":"b34","series-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy","first-page":"e73","article-title":"Differences in skull base thickness in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"28","author":"Psaltis AJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Psaltis AJ, Overton LJ, Thomas WW, Fox NF, Banks CA, Schlosser RJ. Differences in skull base thickness in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2014;28(1):e73\u2013e79. doi:10.2500\/ajra.2014.28.4002"},{"issue":"9","key":"b35","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"1621","article-title":"Association of benign intracranial hypertension and spontaneous encephalocele with cerebrospinal fluid leak","volume":"33","author":"Brainard L","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brainard L, Chen DA, Aziz KM, Hillman TA. Association of benign intracranial hypertension and spontaneous encephalocele with cerebrospinal fluid leak. Otol Neurotol. 2012;33(9):1621\u20131624. doi:10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318271c312"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b36","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","first-page":"e50","article-title":"Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is associated with recurrent CSF leak and reoperation for spontaneous temporal encephalocele","volume":"85","author":"Heman-Ackah SM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heman-Ackah SM, Chauhan D, Quimby AE,  Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is associated with recurrent CSF leak and reoperation for spontaneous temporal encephalocele. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2024;85(Suppl 2):e50\u2013e56. doi:10.1055\/a-2198-8374"},{"issue":"6","key":"b37","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","first-page":"626","article-title":"Improved surgical safety via intraoperative navigation for transnasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas","volume":"80","author":"Achey RL","year":"2019","unstructured":"Achey RL, Karsy M, Azab MA,  Improved surgical safety via intraoperative navigation for transnasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2019;80(6):626\u2013631. doi:10.1055\/s-0039-1677677"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e186","article-title":"Transsphenoidal approaches for microsurgical resection of pituitary adenomas in pediatric patients","volume":"123","author":"Abunimer AM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abunimer AM, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Azab MA,  Transsphenoidal approaches for microsurgical resection of pituitary adenomas in pediatric patients. World Neurosurg. 2019;123:e186\u2013e193. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.11.117"},{"issue":"3","key":"b39","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"724","article-title":"Uninterrupted use of continuous positive airway pressure after endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary tumors","volume":"14","author":"North LM","year":"2024","unstructured":"North LM, Rohde RL, Cornell S, Long CM, Zwagerman NT. Uninterrupted use of continuous positive airway pressure after endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary tumors. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2024;14(3):724\u2013727. doi:10.1002\/alr.23252"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"108898","article-title":"Tension pneumosella following transsphenoidal surgery: a systematic review","volume":"253","author":"Blasdel N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Blasdel N, Darko K, Farid M,  Tension pneumosella following transsphenoidal surgery: a systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2025;253:108898. doi:10.1016\/j.clineuro.2025.108898"},{"issue":"2","key":"b41","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"197","article-title":"A cadaveric model for measuring sinonasal continuous positive airway pressure\u2014a proof-of-concept study","volume":"9","author":"Rimmer RA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rimmer RA, Chitguppi C, Garcia HG,  A cadaveric model for measuring sinonasal continuous positive airway pressure\u2014a proof-of-concept study. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019;9(2):197\u2013203. doi:10.1002\/alr.22235"},{"issue":"7","key":"b42","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"795","article-title":"Evaluation of cranial base repair techniques utilizing a novel cadaveric CPAP model","volume":"9","author":"Chitguppi C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chitguppi C, Rimmer RA, Garcia HG,  Evaluation of cranial base repair techniques utilizing a novel cadaveric CPAP model. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019;9(7):795\u2013803. doi:10.1002\/alr.22313"},{"issue":"1","key":"b43","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"68","article-title":"CPAP-induced sphenoid sinus pressures after endoscopic sinus surgery","volume":"15","author":"D\u2019Souza GE","year":"2025","unstructured":"D\u2019Souza GE, Duffy A, Mandloi S,  CPAP-induced sphenoid sinus pressures after endoscopic sinus surgery. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2025;15(1):68\u201372."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/145\/3\/article-p705.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/145\/3\/article-p705.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/145\/3\/article-p705.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T09:56:25Z","timestamp":1794218185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/145\/3\/article-p705.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2026.1.jns251476","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}}}