{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:02:58Z","timestamp":1785553378454,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infantile hydrocephalus is a common condition that requires surgery. However, cognitive outcomes following treatment are poorly understood, limiting the ability to prognosticate cognitive functioning or target cognitive therapies. Some studies have shown that children with infantile hydrocephalus often experience memory difficulties. Given the role of the hippocampus in memory, the aim of this study was to assess hippocampal volume in children with infantile hydrocephalus compared with controls and to further evaluate the relationship between hippocampal volume and working memory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with infantile hydrocephalus and healthy control children were recruited between 2015 and 2024 for comparison. All participants underwent a neuroimaging protocol that included T1-weighted structural MRI. Hippocampal volumes were extracted, verified, and corrected for total intracranial volume. Participants also completed a neurocognitive battery using a digital version of the multicolored Mr. Peanut task for assessing working memory. A multiple regression model was used to examine the impact of hippocampal volume on working memory performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 54 participants were included in the study; 37 healthy controls (19 male, mean age 9.15 \u00b1 2.16 years) and 17 children with infantile hydrocephalus (9 male, mean age 9.49 \u00b1 1.55 years). There was no significant difference in age or sex between groups. Total hippocampal volume and working memory performance were significantly decreased for patients with infantile hydrocephalus compared with healthy controls (both p &lt; 0.005). Furthermore, the multiple regression model showed that total hippocampal volume was a positive predictor of working memory performance (p &lt; 0.01). Sex and lateral ventricle volume were not significant predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with infantile hydrocephalus had worse working memory performance and a smaller mean hippocampal volume compared with healthy controls. Similar to studies in healthy control children, hippocampal volume was a positive predictor of memory performance in the current study. These findings add to the scant existing literature characterizing cognitive deficits in infantile hydrocephalus. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and further consideration of factors that can impact working memory are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.1.peds25196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:52:38Z","timestamp":1779288758000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hippocampal volume for prediction of working memory performance in patients with infantile hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.3171","author":[{"given":"Renee-Marie","family":"Ragguett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derya","family":"Adil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Institute for Neurosciences, Western University, London, Ontario;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Eagleson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Institute for Neurosciences, Western University, London, Ontario;"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"de Ribaupierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario;"},{"name":"Western Institute for Neurosciences, Western University, London, Ontario;"},{"name":"Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"b1","series-title":"Eur J Med Genet","first-page":"359","article-title":"Infantile hydrocephalus: a review of epidemiology, classification and causes","volume":"57","author":"Tully HM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tully HM, Dobyns WB. 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