{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:00:36Z","timestamp":1785553236673,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal intradural epidermoid cysts (sIECs) are rare, benign neoplasms comprising &lt; 3% of intraspinal tumors in children. Their nonspecific clinical presentation and rarity often lead to diagnostic delays, particularly in the pediatric population. Authors of this study present 2 pediatric sIEC cases and conduct a systematic review of the literature to characterize the clinical features, management strategies, and outcomes of pediatric sIEC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception to December 2024 for English-language case reports and case series describing pediatric sIEC with clinical, radiological, and follow-up data. Two illustrative pediatric cases managed at the authors\u2019 institution are also described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-eight studies comprising 48 pediatric patients were included in the analysis, as were 2 cases from the authors\u2019 institution, yielding a pooled cohort of 50 pediatric patients. The median age at presentation was 7.5 years (IQR 9.75 years), with males representing 49% of the patients. Muscle weakness (78%), sensory deficits (38%), bowel or bladder dysfunction (38%), gait disturbance (34%), and back pain (30%) were common symptoms. Spinal dysraphism (48%) and infection (20%) were frequently associated with sIECs. Tumors most often involved the thoracic (30%) and lumbar (30%) spine, with 72% of cases spanning multiple levels. Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 71% (34\/48) of cases, and GTR significantly reduced recurrence (3% vs 29% for non-GTR, p = 0.03, OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01\u20130.86). At the last follow-up (median 8 months), 64% (28\/44) of patients were symptom free and 30% (13\/44) experienced symptom improvement. The tumor recurred in 12% (6\/50) of cases, and overall survival was 98% (49\/50 patients). GTR with complete symptom resolution was achieved in both illustrative cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this first systematic review addressing sIEC in children, patients typically presented with progressive neurological deficits and the cyst was frequently associated with congenital spinal anomalies. Diffusion-weighted imaging was essential for diagnosis and surgical planning. GTR was associated with significantly lower recurrence rates and favorable neurological outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.1.peds25524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:42Z","timestamp":1780444842000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spinal intradural epidermoid cysts in pediatric patients: illustrative cases and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3171","author":[{"given":"Sufyan","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kishore","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beste","family":"Gulsuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Jea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Sader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"b1","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e49970","article-title":"A pediatric case of spinal intradural epidermoid cyst: a rare encounter","volume":"15","author":"Alsulami FN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alsulami FN, Alotaibi FM, Alfraidi LS,  A pediatric case of spinal intradural epidermoid cyst: a rare encounter. 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