{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:00:16Z","timestamp":1785553216323,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric patients with low-grade CNS tumors can experience an array of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial late effects, even in the absence of adjuvant therapy. It is unclear to what extent these late effects impact long-term quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate QOL and mental health in children with low-grade CNS tumors treated with surgery alone compared with healthy children and children with chronic illness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify children (age \u2264 18 years) who underwent surgical treatment of a low-grade CNS tumor (WHO grades I or II) without adjuvant therapy. Caregivers of enrolled patients (1\u20138 years after resection) completed a demographic questionnaire, the PedsQL Generic Core Scales, and the BASC-3 Parent Rating Scales. Scores were compared with published levels of QOL and mental health in healthy children and children with chronic illness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-six patients and their caregivers enrolled in the study; the mean patient age at enrollment was 13.47 years, with a mean time from surgery to enrollment of 4.26 years. These patients demonstrated significantly lower patient-reported QOL scores compared with their healthy peers for all scales. The mean PedsQL scores showed that 58% of children experienced difficulty with school-related functioning, 49% fell at or below the age-appropriate cutoff for emotional QOL, 42% experienced decreased physical QOL, and 30% experienced social challenges. The proportion of patients with BASC-3 scores (n = 51) that met or exceeded the cutoff for at-risk or clinically relevant difficulties ranged from 8% (depression) to 14% (anxiety and attention, each).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children treated for low-grade CNS tumors with surgery alone can face challenges that impact their long-term QOL and mental health. Psychosocial functioning of these children should be routinely assessed at follow-up visits in neurosurgery clinics. Other providers and families should be made aware of the potential long-term consequences associated with low-grade CNS tumors treated with surgery alone. Similar to the psychosocial care recommendations for children with chronic illness, interventions should be developed for patients with low-grade CNS tumors to mitigate risk of impaired long-term QOL and mental health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.2.peds25392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:41Z","timestamp":1780444841000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quality of life and mental health in pediatric patients with low-grade CNS tumors treated with surgery alone"],"prefix":"10.3171","author":[{"given":"Alexandra S.","family":"Roak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sage P.","family":"Rahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha G.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil K.","family":"Mahavadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A. H.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"McRae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avi","family":"Madan-Swain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Landier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Schwebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaux","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Psychology, Nemours Children\u2019s Health, Jacksonville, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon G.","family":"Rocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Mrug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"Supplement_6","key":"b1","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"vi1","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2017\u20132021","volume":"26","author":"Price M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Price M, Ballard C, Benedetti J,  CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2017\u20132021. Neuro Oncol. 2024;26(Supplement_6):vi1\u2013vi85. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/noae145"},{"issue":"7","key":"b2","series-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer","first-page":"1173","article-title":"Long-term outcome of 4,040 children diagnosed with pediatric low-grade gliomas: an analysis of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database","volume":"61","author":"Bandopadhayay P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bandopadhayay P, Bergthold G, London WB,  Long-term outcome of 4,040 children diagnosed with pediatric low-grade gliomas: an analysis of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61(7):1173\u20131179. doi:10.1002\/pbc.24958"},{"issue":"3","key":"b3","series-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)","first-page":"182","article-title":"Optimizing the benefit of CNS radiation therapy in the pediatric population-PART 1: understanding and managing acute and late toxicities","volume":"31","author":"Rowe LS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rowe LS, Krauze AV, Ning H, Camphausen KA, Kaushal A. Optimizing the benefit of CNS radiation therapy in the pediatric population-PART 1: understanding and managing acute and late toxicities. Oncology (Williston Park). 2017;31(3):182\u2013188."},{"issue":"24","key":"b4","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"5493","article-title":"Profile of daily life in children with brain tumors: an assessment of health-related quality of life","volume":"23","author":"Bhat SR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bhat SR, Goodwin TL, Burwinkle TM,  Profile of daily life in children with brain tumors: an assessment of health-related quality of life. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(24):5493\u20135500. doi:10.1200\/JCO.2005.10.190"},{"issue":"8","key":"b5","series-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv Syst","first-page":"443","article-title":"Radiotherapy in the treatment of low-grade astrocytomas","volume":"11","author":"Chadderton RD","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chadderton RD, West CGH, Schulz S, Quirke DC, Gattamaneni R, Taylor R. Radiotherapy in the treatment of low-grade astrocytomas. Child\u2019s Nerv Syst. 1995;11(8):443\u2013448. doi:10.1007\/BF00334961"},{"issue":"6","key":"b6","series-title":"Ann Neurol","first-page":"834","article-title":"Neurocognitive deficits in medulloblastoma survivors and white matter loss","volume":"46","author":"Mulhern RK","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mulhern RK, Reddick WE, Palmer SL,  Neurocognitive deficits in medulloblastoma survivors and white matter loss. Ann Neurol. 1999;46(6):834\u2013841. doi:10.1002\/1531-8249(199912)46:6<834::aid-ana5>3.0.co;2-m"},{"issue":"3","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","first-page":"251","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning following surgery for pediatric low-grade glioma: a prospective longitudinal study","volume":"25","author":"Heitzer AM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heitzer AM, Raghubar K, Ris MD,  Neuropsychological functioning following surgery for pediatric low-grade glioma: a prospective longitudinal study. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2020;25(3):251\u2013259. doi:10.3171\/2019.9.PEDS19357"},{"issue":"7","key":"b8","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"855","article-title":"Long-term functional outcome of surgical treatment of juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum in children","volume":"25","author":"Daszkiewicz P","year":"2009","unstructured":"Daszkiewicz P, Maryniak A, Roszkowski M, Barszcz S. Long-term functional outcome of surgical treatment of juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 2009;25(7):855\u2013860. doi:10.1007\/s00381-009-0855-1"},{"issue":"10","key":"b9","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"3341","article-title":"Long-term quality of survival after pediatric low-grade glioma","volume":"40","author":"de Bont JM","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Bont JM, Schouten-van Meeteren AY. Long-term quality of survival after pediatric low-grade glioma. Childs Nerv Syst. 2024;40(10):3341\u20133355. doi:10.1007\/s00381-024-06631-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"b10","series-title":"Psychooncology","first-page":"74","article-title":"Psychological adjustment of \u2018surgery-only\u2019 pediatric neuro-oncology patients: a retrospective analysis","volume":"11","author":"Meyer EA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meyer EA, Kieran MW. Psychological adjustment of \u2018surgery-only\u2019 pediatric neuro-oncology patients: a retrospective analysis. Psychooncology. 2002;11(1):74\u201379. doi:10.1002\/pon.553"},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"653","article-title":"Long-term psychiatric outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors","volume":"31","author":"Shah SS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shah SS, Dellarole A, Peterson EC,  Long-term psychiatric outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Childs Nerv Syst. 2015;31(5):653\u2013663. doi:10.1007\/s00381-015-2669-7"},{"issue":"7","key":"b12","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Long-term neurological outcome of childhood brain tumors treated by surgery only","volume":"21","author":"S\u00f8nderk\u00e6r S","year":"2003","unstructured":"S\u00f8nderk\u00e6r S, Schmiegelow M, Carstensen H, Nielsen LB, M\u00fcller J, Schmiegelow K. Long-term neurological outcome of childhood brain tumors treated by surgery only. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(7):1347\u20131351. doi:10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.009"},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer","first-page":"417","article-title":"Medical, psychological, cognitive and educational late-effects in pediatric low-grade glioma survivors treated with surgery only","volume":"53","author":"Turner CD","year":"2009","unstructured":"Turner CD, Chordas CA, Liptak CC,  Medical, psychological, cognitive and educational late-effects in pediatric low-grade glioma survivors treated with surgery only. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53(3):417\u2013423. doi:10.1002\/pbc.22081"},{"issue":"3","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"599","article-title":"Health related quality of life (HRQOL) in long-term survivors of pediatric low grade gliomas (LGGs)","volume":"121","author":"Nwachukwu CR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nwachukwu CR, Youland RS, Chioreso C,  Health related quality of life (HRQOL) in long-term survivors of pediatric low grade gliomas (LGGs). J Neurooncol. 2015;121(3):599\u2013607. doi:10.1007\/s11060-014-1673-1"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"107175","article-title":"Patient-reported quality of life in grade 2 and 3 gliomas after surgery, can we do more?","volume":"214","author":"Svedung Wettervik T","year":"2022","unstructured":"Svedung Wettervik T, Ersson M, Latini F, Ryttlefors M, Zetterling M. Patient-reported quality of life in grade 2 and 3 gliomas after surgery, can we do more? Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022;214:107175. doi:10.1016\/j.clineuro.2022.107175"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"799","article-title":"Long-term cognitive functioning and psychological well-being in surgically treated patients with low-grade glioma","volume":"103","author":"Campanella F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campanella F, Palese A, Del Missier F,  Long-term cognitive functioning and psychological well-being in surgically treated patients with low-grade glioma. World Neurosurg. 2017;103:799\u2013808.e9. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.04.006"},{"issue":"23","key":"b17","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"3761","article-title":"Quality of life after surgery for lower grade gliomas","volume":"129","author":"Heffernan AE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heffernan AE, Wu Y, Benz LS, Verhaak RGW, Kwan BM, Claus EB. Quality of life after surgery for lower grade gliomas. Cancer. 2023;129(23):3761\u20133771. doi:10.1002\/cncr.34980"},{"issue":"8","key":"b18","series-title":"Med Care","first-page":"800","article-title":"PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations","volume":"39","author":"Varni JW","year":"2001","unstructured":"Varni JW, Seid M, Kurtin PS. PedsQL 4.0: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 generic core scales in healthy and patient populations. Med Care. 2001;39(8):800\u2013812. doi:10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00006"},{"issue":"5","key":"b19","series-title":"Value Health","first-page":"773","article-title":"The linkage between pediatric quality of life and health conditions: establishing clinically meaningful cutoff scores for the PedsQL","volume":"12","author":"Huang IC","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang IC, Thompson LA, Chi YY,  The linkage between pediatric quality of life and health conditions: establishing clinically meaningful cutoff scores for the PedsQL. Value Health. 2009;12(5):773\u2013781. doi:10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00487.x"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"BASC-3: Behavior Assessment System for Children","author":"Reynolds CR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reynolds CR, Kamphaus RW. BASC-3: Behavior Assessment System for Children. 3rd ed. NCS Pearson, Inc; 2015."},{"issue":"4","key":"b21","series-title":"Value Health","first-page":"521","article-title":"Patient-reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory\u2122 4.0 Generic Core Scales in pediatric patients with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid psychiatric disorders: feasibility, reliability, and validity","volume":"14","author":"Limbers CA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Limbers CA, Ripperger-Suhler J, Heffer RW, Varni JW. Patient-reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory\u2122 4.0 Generic Core Scales in pediatric patients with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid psychiatric disorders: feasibility, reliability, and validity. Value Health. 2011;14(4):521\u2013530. doi:10.1016\/j.jval.2010.10.031"},{"issue":"3","key":"b22","series-title":"Dev Disabil Res Rev","first-page":"196","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with low-grade gliomas","volume":"14","author":"Ris MD","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ris MD, Beebe DW. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with low-grade gliomas. Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2008;14(3):196\u2013202. doi:10.1002\/ddrr.27"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"b23","series-title":"Brain","first-page":"1998","article-title":"Neuropsychological long-term sequelae after posterior fossa tumour resection during childhood","volume":"126","author":"Steinlin M","year":"2003","unstructured":"Steinlin M, Imfeld S, Zulauf P,  Neuropsychological long-term sequelae after posterior fossa tumour resection during childhood. Brain. 2003;126(Pt 9):1998-2008. doi:10.1093\/brain\/awg195"},{"issue":"2","key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"419","article-title":"Cognitive rehabilitation training in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy and cognitive deficits: a pilot study","volume":"125","author":"Maschio M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maschio M, Dinapoli L, Fabi A, Giannarelli D, Cantelmi T. Cognitive rehabilitation training in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy and cognitive deficits: a pilot study. J Neurooncol. 2015;125(2):419\u2013426. doi:10.1007\/s11060-015-1933-8"},{"issue":"11","key":"b25","series-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"2134","article-title":"Functional gains in children receiving inpatient rehabilitation after brain tumor resection","volume":"102","author":"Day AM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Day AM, Slomine BS, Salama C, Quinton TL, Suskauer SJ, Salorio CF. Functional gains in children receiving inpatient rehabilitation after brain tumor resection. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2021;102(11):2134\u20132140. doi:10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.05.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"b26","series-title":"Phys Ther","first-page":"564","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical therapy\u2013 and occupational therapy\u2013based rehabilitation in people who have glioma and are undergoing active anticancer treatment: single-blind, randomized controlled trial","volume":"100","author":"Hansen A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hansen A, Pedersen CB, Jarden JO, Beier D, Minet LR, S\u00f8gaard K. Effectiveness of physical therapy\u2013 and occupational therapy\u2013based rehabilitation in people who have glioma and are undergoing active anticancer treatment: single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther. 2020;100(3):564\u2013574. doi:10.1093\/ptj\/pzz180"},{"issue":"1","key":"b27","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"103","article-title":"A pilot randomized controlled trial of exercise to improve cognitive performance in patients with stable glioma: a proof of concept","volume":"22","author":"Gehring K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gehring K, Stuiver MM, Visser E,  A pilot randomized controlled trial of exercise to improve cognitive performance in patients with stable glioma: a proof of concept. Neuro Oncol. 2020;22(1):103\u2013115. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/noz178"},{"issue":"1","key":"b28","series-title":"Neurooncol Pract","first-page":"3","article-title":"Long-term impact of adult WHO grade II or III gliomas on health-related quality of life: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Frances SM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Frances SM, Velikova G, Klein M,  Long-term impact of adult WHO grade II or III gliomas on health-related quality of life: a systematic review. Neurooncol Pract. 2022;9(1):3\u201317. doi:10.1093\/nop\/npab062"},{"issue":"1","key":"b29","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"77","article-title":"Long term quality of life outcomes following surgical resection alone for benign paediatric intracranial tumours","volume":"161","author":"Kumar S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar S, Islim AI, Moon R,  Long term quality of life outcomes following surgical resection alone for benign paediatric intracranial tumours. J Neurooncol. 2023;161(1):77\u201384. doi:10.1007\/s11060-022-04208-z"},{"issue":"2","key":"b30","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"351","article-title":"Long-term wellbeing and neurocognitive functioning of diffuse low-grade glioma patients and their caregivers: a longitudinal study spanning two decades","volume":"25","author":"Boele FW","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boele FW, den Otter PWM, Reijneveld JC,  Long-term wellbeing and neurocognitive functioning of diffuse low-grade glioma patients and their caregivers: a longitudinal study spanning two decades. Neuro Oncol. 2023;25(2):351\u2013364. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/noac185"},{"issue":"13","key":"b31","series-title":"Disabil Rehabil","first-page":"1066","article-title":"Psychological intervention in young brain tumor survivors: the efficacy of the cognitive behavioural approach","volume":"31","author":"Poggi G","year":"2009","unstructured":"Poggi G, Liscio M, Pastore V,  Psychological intervention in young brain tumor survivors: the efficacy of the cognitive behavioural approach. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(13):1066\u20131073. doi:10.1080\/09638280802509546"},{"issue":"1","key":"b32","series-title":"Psychooncology","first-page":"91","article-title":"A randomized control intervention trial to improve social skills and quality of life in pediatric brain tumor survivors","volume":"27","author":"Barrera M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barrera M, Atenafu EG, Sung L,  A randomized control intervention trial to improve social skills and quality of life in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Psychooncology. 2018;27(1):91\u201398. doi:10.1002\/pon.4385"},{"issue":"2","key":"b33","series-title":"Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich","first-page":"133","article-title":"Implementation of psychosocial care in pediatric cardiology. Results of a national survey","volume":"97","author":"Kanth E","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kanth E, Helms C, Sticker E,  Implementation of psychosocial care in pediatric cardiology. Results of a national survey. Article in German. Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich. 2003;97(2):133\u2013139."},{"issue":"5","key":"b34","series-title":"Pediatr Diabetes","first-page":"384","article-title":"Routine behavioral and mental health screening in young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Zenlea IS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zenlea IS, Mednick L, Rein J, Quinn M, Wolfsdorf J, Rhodes ET. Routine behavioral and mental health screening in young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2014;15(5):384\u2013388. doi:10.1111\/pedi.12099"},{"issue":"1","key":"b35","series-title":"Child Care Health Dev","first-page":"19","article-title":"The psychosocial well-being of children with chronic disease, their parents and siblings: an overview of the research evidence base","volume":"32","author":"Barlow JH","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barlow JH, Ellard DR. The psychosocial well-being of children with chronic disease, their parents and siblings: an overview of the research evidence base. Child Care Health Dev. 2006;32(1):19\u201331. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2006.00591.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:12:48Z","timestamp":1785550368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392\/article-10.3171-2026.2.PEDS25392.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2026.2.peds25392","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}}}