{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:33:07Z","timestamp":1793147587570,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) is the most common surgical procedure used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. ATL fundamentally involves removal of the anterior temporal neocortex and mesial structures; however, there may be substantial variability in resection extent across surgeons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the practice patterns and ATL surgical techniques of epilepsy surgeons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An anonymous REDCap-based survey of epilepsy neurosurgeons was conducted to collect demographic and resection data. Resection extent was assessed by asking participants to draw their typical resection limits on six 2-dimensional cartoons of the temporal lobe. Individual maps were superimposed over the base template image with a pixel size equivalent to 0.25 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      to create cohort-level resection maps, with pixel intensity reflecting the number of respondents who selected that region.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty responses were received that included image sets suitable for analysis. The mean \u00b1 SD age of respondents was 44.8 \u00b1 7.6 years, they had been in practice for a mean of 9.9 \u00b1 7.6 years, and 89.7% had completed an epilepsy-related fellowship. Significant variability was noted in the posterior extent of neocortical resection and resection of the superior temporal gyrus, which was more extensive on the right side. Variability was likewise observed in the parahippocampal gyrus and piriform cortex. While nearly all respondents included the inferior amygdala, there was less consistency in resection of the dorsal amygdala. Longer duration of practice was associated with significantly decreased neocortical resection. Higher annual ATL volume was positively correlated with more superior resection in the region of the inferior circular sulcus as well as more posterior neocortical resection, particularly along the inferior temporal gyrus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite overall agreement on the general extent of anterior temporal resection and generally more extensive resections on the right side, this study highlights the substantial variability in both lateral neocortical and mesial structure resection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.5.jns26819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:01:19Z","timestamp":1792540879000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What is a standard temporal lobectomy? A survey of epilepsy neurosurgeons"],"prefix":"10.3171","author":[{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Staudt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland;"},{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Rammo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"98","article-title":"From lateral to mesial: the quest for a surgical cure for temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"49","author":"de Almeida AN","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Almeida AN, Teixeira MJ, Feindel WH. From lateral to mesial: the quest for a surgical cure for temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2008;49(1):98\u2013107. doi:10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01321.x"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Arch Neurol","first-page":"233","article-title":"Etiology and pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"10","author":"Falconer MA","year":"1964","unstructured":"Falconer MA, Serafetinides EA, Corsellis JA. Etiology and pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy. Arch Neurol. 1964;10:233\u2013248. doi:10.1001\/archneur.1964.00460150003001"},{"issue":"5","key":"b3","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"311","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy","volume":"345","author":"Wiebe S","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):311\u2013318. doi:10.1056\/NEJM200108023450501"},{"issue":"9","key":"b4","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"922","article-title":"Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial","volume":"307","author":"Engel J Jr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Engel J Jr, McDermott MP, Wiebe S,  Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012;307(9):922\u2013930. doi:10.1001\/jama.2012.220"},{"issue":"1","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"71","article-title":"A historical cohort of temporal lobe surgery for medically refractory epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis to guide future nonrandomized controlled trial studies","volume":"133","author":"Lee AT","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee AT, Burke JF, Chunduru P, Molinaro AM, Knowlton R, Chang EF. A historical cohort of temporal lobe surgery for medically refractory epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis to guide future nonrandomized controlled trial studies. J Neurosurg. 2020;133(1):71\u201378. doi:10.3171\/2019.4.JNS183235"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Epilepsy Res Treat","first-page":"201651","article-title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery failures: a review","volume":"2012","author":"Harroud A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harroud A, Bouthillier A, Weil AG, Nguyen DK. Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery failures: a review. Epilepsy Res Treat. 2012;2012:201651. doi:10.1155\/2012\/201651"},{"issue":"12","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"2298","article-title":"Resective reoperation for failed epilepsy surgery: seizure outcome in 64 patients","volume":"63","author":"Siegel AM","year":"2004","unstructured":"Siegel AM, Cascino GD, Meyer FB,  Resective reoperation for failed epilepsy surgery: seizure outcome in 64 patients. 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Trends in lobectomy\/amygdalohippocampectomy over time and the impact of hospital surgical volume on hospitalization outcomes: a population-based study. Epilepsia. 2020;61(10):2173\u20132182. doi:10.1111\/epi.16664"},{"issue":"2","key":"b18","series-title":"Epilepsia","first-page":"319","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery education and practice around the globe: an ILAE taskforce report","volume":"66","author":"Nico Enslin JM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nico Enslin JM, Muh CR, Wang X,  Epilepsy surgery education and practice around the globe: an ILAE taskforce report. Epilepsia. 2025;66(2):319\u2013327. doi:10.1111\/epi.18199"},{"issue":"4","key":"b19","series-title":"Epilepsy Curr","first-page":"228","article-title":"The state of specialized epilepsy care in the States: increased access, new tools, but the same dismal underutilization of epilepsy surgery","volume":"22","author":"Punia V","year":"2022","unstructured":"Punia V. 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J Neurol. 2025;272(10):652. doi:10.1007\/s00415-025-13398-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:01:13Z","timestamp":1793145673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/aop\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819\/article-10.3171-2026.5.JNS26819.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":21,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2026.5.jns26819","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}}}