{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:16:50Z","timestamp":1788308210181,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative radiotherapy is an effective treatment for meningiomas; however, treatment response varies among patients. In addition, practical methods for predicting tumor recurrence after radiotherapy have not been well established. Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), a key regulator of DNA replication licensing, was recently implicated in highly proliferative molecular subtypes of meningioma. In this study, the authors evaluated whether MCM2 immunohistochemical expression predicts response to radiotherapy in patients with meningiomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors retrospectively analyzed the records of patients with WHO grade 1\u20133 meningiomas treated with resection followed by radiotherapy at a single institution between July 2003 and November 2023. The MCM2 labeling index was assessed immunohistochemically, and patients were stratified into MCM2-high and -low groups using a cutoff of 35%. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the interval from the completion of radiation therapy to postoperative radiological tumor recurrence or regrowth. Patients who showed no progression were censored at their last follow-up. PFS was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and subsequently evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models. To further investigate the biological mechanisms associated with MCM2 expression, comprehensive transcriptomic analyses, including gene set enrichment analysis, was performed to elucidate the molecular processes that occur within MCM2-high tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study population included 15 men (42%) and 21 women (58%), with a mean age of 63 years. Ten tumors (28%) were classified as MCM2-high meningiomas and 26 (72%) as MCM2-low meningiomas. High MCM2 expression was significantly associated with WHO grades 2\u20133 histology and higher Ki-67 labeling indices. During a median follow-up of 2.52 years, tumor progression after radiotherapy occurred in 47% of the patients. High MCM2 expression (HR 8.34, p = 0.03) was significantly associated with shorter PFS and remained an independent predictor of recurrence after adjustment for WHO grade, tumor size, and Ki-67 labeling index. Transcriptomic analyses of MCM2-high tumors revealed upregulation of cell proliferation\u2013related pathways, accompanied by increased signaling through the E2F8\u2013CHEK1 axis associated with radiation resistance and suppression of the TNF-\u03b1 signaling pathway implicated in radiosensitivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In meningiomas, high MCM2 expression is associated with early recurrence following radiotherapy. The study findings suggest that this association is driven by diverse biological mechanisms related to cell cycle regulation and radioresistance. Immunohistochemical assessment of MCM2 expression may serve as a practical and accessible biomarker for risk stratification and may support the future development of individualized postoperative radiotherapy strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.6.focus26216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:01:31Z","timestamp":1787702491000},"page":"E14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the clinical and mechanistic role of MCM2 expression in the prediction of meningioma recurrence after radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Chiaki","family":"Murakami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taijun","family":"Hana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruna","family":"Okuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Yokoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumihito","family":"Nobusawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Momose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morihiro","family":"Higashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunya","family":"Hanakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichi","family":"Oya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"121","article-title":"Significance of Simpson grading system in modern meningioma surgery: integration of the grade with MIB-1 labeling index as a key to predict the recurrence of WHO Grade I meningiomas","volume":"117","author":"Oya S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oya S, Kawai K, Nakatomi H, Saito N. 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