{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:17:30Z","timestamp":1788308250488,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The influence of progestins on meningioma growth has been known for a long time, but it is only recently, with the description of meningiomas associated with synthetic progestins, that the links between hormones and meningiomas have been analyzed in greater detail. This review looks back at the epidemiological, clinical, biological, and histopathological characteristics of progestin-associated meningiomas, outlining the pathological characteristics and clinical behavior of pregnancy-associated and progestin-associated meningiomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2026.6.focus26248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:01:02Z","timestamp":1787702462000},"page":"E2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Progestin-associated meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Peyre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris;"},{"name":"Neuro-vascular Interfaces in Brain Tumors and Vascular Malformations, Paris Brain Institute, Paris;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Appay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, AP-HM, CHU Timone, Marseille; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Bachelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, IE3M, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Kalamarides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Paris;"},{"name":"Neuro-vascular Interfaces in Brain Tumors and Vascular Malformations, Paris Brain Institute, Paris;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"12 Suppl 2","key":"b1","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"iv1","article-title":"CBTRUS Statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020","volume":"25","author":"Ostrom QT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ostrom QT, Price M, Neff C,  CBTRUS Statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020. Neuro Oncol. 2023;25(12 Suppl 2):iv1\u2013iv99. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/noad149"},{"issue":"2","key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","first-page":"89","article-title":"The relapsing course of certain meningiomas in relation to pregnancy and menstruation","volume":"21","author":"Bickerstaff ER","year":"1958","unstructured":"Bickerstaff ER, Small JM, Guest IA. The relapsing course of certain meningiomas in relation to pregnancy and menstruation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1958;21(2):89\u201391. doi:10.1136\/jnnp.21.2.89"},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"95","article-title":"Unique features of pregnancy-related meningiomas: lessons learned from 148 reported cases and theoretical implications of a prolactin modulated pathogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Laviv Y","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laviv Y, Ohla V, Kasper EM. Unique features of pregnancy-related meningiomas: lessons learned from 148 reported cases and theoretical implications of a prolactin modulated pathogenesis. Neurosurg Rev. 2018;41(1):95\u2013108. doi:10.1007\/s10143-016-0762-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"b4","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"440","article-title":"Rapid growth of a meningioma during pregnancy: relationship with estrogen and progesterone receptors\u2013case report","volume":"29","author":"Saitoh Y","year":"1989","unstructured":"Saitoh Y, Oku Y, Izumoto S, Go J. Rapid growth of a meningioma during pregnancy: relationship with estrogen and progesterone receptors\u2013case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 1989;29(5):440\u2013443. doi:10.2176\/nmc.29.440"},{"issue":"1","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"137","article-title":"Hormone-dependent shrinkage of a sphenoid wing meningioma after pregnancy: case report","volume":"124","author":"Kerschbaumer J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kerschbaumer J, Freyschlag CF, Stockhammer G,  Hormone-dependent shrinkage of a sphenoid wing meningioma after pregnancy: case report. J Neurosurg. 2016;124(1):137\u2013140. doi:10.3171\/2014.12.JNS142112"},{"issue":"126","key":"b6","series-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol","first-page":"136","article-title":"Efficacy of progesterone for prevention of preterm birth","volume":"52","author":"Sykes L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sykes L, Bennett PR. Efficacy of progesterone for prevention of preterm birth. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;52(126):136. doi:10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2018.08.006"},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"951","article-title":"Meningiomas in pregnancy: a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases","volume":"71","author":"Lusis EA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lusis EA, Scheithauer BW, Yachnis AT,  Meningiomas in pregnancy: a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases. Neurosurgery. 2012;71(5):951\u2013961. doi:10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31826adf65"},{"issue":"15","key":"b8","series-title":"Cancers (Basel)","first-page":"3879","article-title":"Pathologic characteristics of pregnancy-related meningiomas","volume":"13","author":"Giraldi L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Giraldi L, Lauridsen EK, Maier AD,  Pathologic characteristics of pregnancy-related meningiomas. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(15):3879. doi:10.3390\/cancers13153879"},{"issue":"3","key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Oncol","first-page":"681","article-title":"Progestin-associated shift of meningioma mutational landscape","volume":"29","author":"Peyre M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peyre M, Gaillard S, de Marcellus C,  Progestin-associated shift of meningioma mutational landscape. Ann Oncol. 2018;29(3):681\u2013686. doi:10.1093\/annonc\/mdx763"},{"issue":"10","key":"b10","series-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev","first-page":"2562","article-title":"Reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use in relation to risk of glioma and meningioma in a large European cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Michaud DS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Michaud DS, Gallo V, Schlehofer B,  Reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use in relation to risk of glioma and meningioma in a large European cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010;19(10):2562\u20132569. doi:10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0447"},{"issue":"5","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"848","article-title":"Sex steroid hormone exposures and risk for meningioma","volume":"99","author":"Jhawar BS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jhawar BS, Fuchs CS, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ. Sex steroid hormone exposures and risk for meningioma. J Neurosurg. 2003;99(5):848\u2013853. doi:10.3171\/jns.2003.99.5.0848"},{"issue":"7","key":"b12","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"1692","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of central nervous system tumours in the Million Women Study","volume":"127","author":"Benson VS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Benson VS, Pirie K, Green J,  Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of central nervous system tumours in the Million Women Study. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(7):1692\u20131698. doi:10.1002\/ijc.25184"},{"issue":"7","key":"b13","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"629","article-title":"Risk of brain tumors associated with exposure to exogenous female sex hormones","volume":"164","author":"Wigertz A","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wigertz A, L\u00f6nn S, Mathiesen T, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. Risk of brain tumors associated with exposure to exogenous female sex hormones. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(7):629\u2013636. doi:10.1093\/aje\/kwj254"},{"issue":"2","key":"b14","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"279","article-title":"Is there an association between meningioma and hormone replacement therapy?","volume":"26","author":"Blitshteyn S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Blitshteyn S, Crook JE, Jaeckle KA. Is there an association between meningioma and hormone replacement therapy? J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(2):279\u2013282. doi:10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.2133"},{"issue":"5","key":"b15","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"1152","article-title":"Association of meningioma with reproductive factors","volume":"119","author":"Lee E","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee E, Grutsch J, Persky V, Glick R, Mendes J, Davis F. Association of meningioma with reproductive factors. Int J Cancer. 2006;119(5):1152\u20131157. doi:10.1002\/ijc.21950"},{"issue":"5","key":"b16","series-title":"Int J Cancer","first-page":"797","article-title":"Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of brain tumors in adult females","volume":"114","author":"Hatch EE","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hatch EE, Linet MS, Zhang J,  Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of brain tumors in adult females. Int J Cancer. 2005;114(5):797\u2013805. doi:10.1002\/ijc.20776"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"BMC Cancer","first-page":"152","article-title":"Hormonal exposures and the risk of intracranial meningioma in women: a population-based case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Custer B","year":"2006","unstructured":"Custer B, Longstreth WT, Phillips LE, Koepsell TD, Van Belle G. Hormonal exposures and the risk of intracranial meningioma in women: a population-based case-control study. BMC Cancer. 2006;6:152. doi:10.1186\/1471-2407-6-152"},{"issue":"15","key":"b18","series-title":"Eur J Cancer","first-page":"3303","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of cranial meningioma","volume":"49","author":"Andersen L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andersen L, Friis S, Hallas J, Ravn P, Schr\u00f8der HD, Gaist D. Hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of cranial meningioma. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(15):3303\u20133310. doi:10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.05.026"},{"issue":"12","key":"b19","series-title":"PLoS Med","first-page":"e1004321","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and central nervous system tumors: Danish nested case-control study","volume":"20","author":"Pourhadi N","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pourhadi N, Meaidi A, Friis S, Torp-Pedersen C, M\u00f8rch LS. Menopausal hormone therapy and central nervous system tumors: Danish nested case-control study. PLoS Med. 2023;20(12):e1004321. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004321"},{"issue":"2","key":"b20","series-title":"Case report. J Neurosurg","first-page":"328","article-title":"Multiple meningiomas arising during long-term therapy with the progesterone agonist megestrol acetate","volume":"100","author":"Gruber T","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gruber T, Dare AO, Balos LL, Lele S, Fenstermaker RA. Multiple meningiomas arising during long-term therapy with the progesterone agonist megestrol acetate. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(2):328\u2013331. doi:10.3171\/jns.2004.100.2.0328"},{"issue":"23","key":"b21","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2411","article-title":"Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy","volume":"357","author":"Gazzeri R","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gazzeri R, Galarza M, Gazzeri G. Growth of a meningioma in a transsexual patient after estrogen-progestin therapy. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(23):2411\u20132412. doi:10.1056\/NEJMc071938"},{"issue":"5","key":"b22","series-title":"Article in French. Neurochirurgie","first-page":"339","article-title":"Intra cranial meningiomas and long term use of cyproterone acetate with a conventional dose in women. A report of two cases of tumor decrease after treatment withdrawal","volume":"61","author":"Botella C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Botella C, Coll G, Lemaire JJ, Irthum B. Intra cranial meningiomas and long term use of cyproterone acetate with a conventional dose in women. A report of two cases of tumor decrease after treatment withdrawal. Article in French. Neurochirurgie. 2015;61(5):339\u2013342. doi:10.1016\/j.neuchi.2015.05.002"},{"issue":"8","key":"b23","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1504","article-title":"Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment","volume":"31","author":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves AMG, Page P, Domigo V, M\u00e9der JF, Oppenheim C. Abrupt regression of a meningioma after discontinuation of cyproterone treatment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(8):1504\u20131505. doi:10.3174\/ajnr.A1978"},{"issue":"6","key":"b24","series-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"965","article-title":"Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Gil M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gil M, Oliva B, Timoner J, Maci\u00e1 MA, Bryant V, de Abajo FJ. Risk of meningioma among users of high doses of cyproterone acetate as compared with the general population: evidence from a population-based cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;72(6):965\u2013968. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2011.04031.x"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"n37","article-title":"Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study","volume":"372","author":"Weill A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Weill A, Nguyen P, Labidi M,  Use of high dose cyproterone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma in women: cohort study. BMJ. 2021;372:n37. doi:10.1136\/bmj.n37"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur","first-page":"100928","article-title":"Prolonged use of nomegestrol acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma: a population-based cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Nguyen P","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen P, Roland N, Neumann A,  Prolonged use of nomegestrol acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2024;42:100928. doi:10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.100928"},{"issue":"1","key":"b27","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"e16505","article-title":"Prolonged use of chlormadinone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma: a population-based cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Roland N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roland N, Nguyen P, Neumann A,  Prolonged use of chlormadinone acetate and risk of intracranial meningioma: a population-based cohort study. Eur J Neurol. 2025;32(1):e16505. doi:10.1111\/ene.16505"},{"issue":"9","key":"b28","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"2801","article-title":"Risk of intracranial meningioma with three potent progestogens: a population-based case-control study","volume":"29","author":"Hoisnard L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoisnard L, Laanani M, Passeri T,  Risk of intracranial meningioma with three potent progestogens: a population-based case-control study. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29(9):2801\u20132809. doi:10.1111\/ene.15423"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"e078078","article-title":"Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study","volume":"384","author":"Roland N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Roland N, Neumann A, Hoisnard L,  Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study. BMJ. 2024;384:e078078. doi:10.1136\/bmj-2023-078078"},{"issue":"11","key":"b30","series-title":"JAMA Neurol","first-page":"1094","article-title":"Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and risk of meningioma in the US","volume":"82","author":"Xiao T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiao T, Kumar P, Lobbous M,  Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and risk of meningioma in the US. JAMA Neurol. 2025;82(11):1094\u20131102. doi:10.1001\/jamaneurol.2025.3011"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"e083981","article-title":"Oral contraceptives with progestogens desogestrel or levonorgestrel and risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study","volume":"389","author":"Roland N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roland N, Kolla E, Baricault B,  Oral contraceptives with progestogens desogestrel or levonorgestrel and risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study. BMJ. 2025;389:e083981. doi:10.1136\/bmj-2024-083981"},{"issue":"2","key":"b32","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"308","article-title":"Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin","volume":"89","author":"Voormolen EHJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Voormolen EHJ, Champagne PO, Roca E,  Intracranial meningiomas decrease in volume on magnetic resonance imaging after discontinuing progestin. Neurosurgery. 2021;89(2):308\u2013314. doi:10.1093\/neuros\/nyab175"},{"issue":"2","key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"279","article-title":"Evolution of the neurosurgical management of progestin-associated meningiomas: a 23-year single-center experience","volume":"152","author":"Malaize H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malaize H, Samoyeau T, Zanello M,  Evolution of the neurosurgical management of progestin-associated meningiomas: a 23-year single-center experience. J Neurooncol. 2021;152(2):279\u2013288. doi:10.1007\/s11060-021-03696-9"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"106959","article-title":"Preliminary report of patients with meningiomas exposed to cyproterone acetate, nomegestrol acetate and chlormadinone acetate \u2013 monocentric ongoing study on progestin related meningiomas","volume":"210","author":"Devalckeneer A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Devalckeneer A, Aboukais R, Bourgeois P,  Preliminary report of patients with meningiomas exposed to cyproterone acetate, nomegestrol acetate and chlormadinone acetate \u2013 monocentric ongoing study on progestin related meningiomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021;210:106959. doi:10.1016\/j.clineuro.2021.106959"},{"issue":"6","key":"b35","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"556","article-title":"Meningiomas in patients with long-term exposition to progestins: characteristics and outcome","volume":"67","author":"Graillon T","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graillon T, Boissonneau S, Appay R,  Meningiomas in patients with long-term exposition to progestins: characteristics and outcome. Neurochirurgie. 2021;67(6):556\u2013563. doi:10.1016\/j.neuchi.2021.04.018"},{"issue":"8","key":"b36","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of 287 meningiomas in neurofibromatosis type 2 patients: clinical, radiological, and molecular features","volume":"14","author":"Goutagny S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goutagny S, Bah AB, Henin D,  Long-term follow-up of 287 meningiomas in neurofibromatosis type 2 patients: clinical, radiological, and molecular features. Neuro Oncol. 2012;14(8):1090\u20131096. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/nos129"},{"issue":"1","key":"b37","series-title":"BMC Med Genomics","first-page":"112","article-title":"Genomic profiling of sporadic multiple meningiomas","volume":"15","author":"Erson-Omay EZ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Erson-Omay EZ, Vetsa S, Vasandani S,  Genomic profiling of sporadic multiple meningiomas. BMC Med Genomics. 2022;15(1):112. doi:10.1186\/s12920-022-01258-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"b38","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun","first-page":"8","article-title":"Sporadic multiple meningiomas harbor distinct driver mutations","volume":"9","author":"Juratli TA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Juratli TA, Prilop I, Saalfeld FC,  Sporadic multiple meningiomas harbor distinct driver mutations. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2021;9(1):8. doi:10.1186\/s40478-020-01113-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"b39","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"137","article-title":"Fertility treatment is associated with multiple meningiomas and younger age at diagnosis","volume":"143","author":"Shahin MN","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shahin MN, Magill ST, Dalle Ore CL,  Fertility treatment is associated with multiple meningiomas and younger age at diagnosis. J Neurooncol. 2019;143(1):137\u2013144. doi:10.1007\/s11060-019-03147-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"b40","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"323","article-title":"First case of cyproterone acetate induced multiple meningiomas in identical female twins: a case report","volume":"68","author":"Batchinsky-Parrou V","year":"2022","unstructured":"Batchinsky-Parrou V, Barraud S, Kleiber JC, Litre F. First case of cyproterone acetate induced multiple meningiomas in identical female twins: a case report. Neurochirurgie. 2022;68(3):323\u2013326. doi:10.1016\/j.neuchi.2021.04.021"},{"issue":"2","key":"b41","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"331","article-title":"Cyproterone acetate and meningioma: a nationwide-wide population based study","volume":"151","author":"Champeaux-Depond C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Champeaux-Depond C, Weller J, Froelich S, Sartor A. Cyproterone acetate and meningioma: a nationwide-wide population based study. J Neurooncol. 2021;151(2):331\u2013338. doi:10.1007\/s11060-020-03672-9"},{"issue":"6","key":"b42","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1698","article-title":"Prognostic value of estrogen receptor in WHO grade III meningioma: a long-term follow-up study from a single institution","volume":"128","author":"Hua L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hua L, Zhu H, Li J,  Prognostic value of estrogen receptor in WHO grade III meningioma: a long-term follow-up study from a single institution. J Neurosurg. 2018;128(6):1698\u20131706. doi:10.3171\/2017.2.JNS162566"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e87","article-title":"New insights into expression of hormonal receptors by meningiomas","volume":"140","author":"Portet S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Portet S, Banor T, Bousquet J,  New insights into expression of hormonal receptors by meningiomas. World Neurosurg. 2020;140:e87\u2013e96. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.04.168"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"814.e7","article-title":"Dramatic shrinkage with reduced vascularization of large meningiomas after cessation of progestin treatment","volume":"101","author":"Kalamarides M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalamarides M, Peyre M. Dramatic shrinkage with reduced vascularization of large meningiomas after cessation of progestin treatment. World Neurosurg. 2017;101:814.e7\u2013814.e10. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.03.013"},{"issue":"6","key":"b45","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1705","article-title":"Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy","volume":"163","author":"AbiJaoude S","year":"2021","unstructured":"AbiJaoude S, Marijon P, Roblot P,  Sustained growth of intraosseous hormone-associated meningiomas after cessation of progestin therapy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(6):1705\u20131710. doi:10.1007\/s00701-021-04781-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"b46","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"255","article-title":"Atypical evolution of meningiomatosis after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: clinical cases and histomolecular characterization","volume":"164","author":"Passeri T","year":"2022","unstructured":"Passeri T, Giammattei L, Le Van T,  Atypical evolution of meningiomatosis after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: clinical cases and histomolecular characterization. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2022;164(1):255\u2013263. doi:10.1007\/s00701-021-05005-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"b47","series-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)","first-page":"193","article-title":"Estrogen and progestin receptors in meningiomas: a study in 22 cases (author\u2019s transl)","volume":"136","author":"Poisson M","year":"1980","unstructured":"Poisson M, Magdelenat H, Foncin JF,  Estrogen and progestin receptors in meningiomas: a study in 22 cases (author\u2019s transl). Rev Neurol (Paris). 1980;136(3):193\u2013203."},{"issue":"6","key":"b48","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1638","article-title":"A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of gonadal steroid hormone receptors in meningioma","volume":"139","author":"Miyagishima DF","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miyagishima DF, Sundaresan V, Gutierrez AG,  A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of gonadal steroid hormone receptors in meningioma. J Neurosurg. 2023;139(6):1638\u20131647. doi:10.3171\/2023.3.JNS221838"},{"issue":"1","key":"b49","series-title":"Cancer Res","first-page":"314","article-title":"Specific genes expressed in association with progesterone receptors in meningioma","volume":"68","author":"Claus EB","year":"2008","unstructured":"Claus EB, Park PJ, Carroll R, Chan J, Black PM. Specific genes expressed in association with progesterone receptors in meningioma. Cancer Res. 2008;68(1):314\u2013322. doi:10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1796"},{"issue":"1","key":"b50","series-title":"Article in French. Rev Neurol (Paris)","first-page":"14","article-title":"Progesterone receptors in normal human leptomeninges in adults","volume":"140","author":"Poisson M","year":"1984","unstructured":"Poisson M, Magdelenat H, Martin PM,  Progesterone receptors in normal human leptomeninges in adults. Article in French. Rev Neurol (Paris). 1984;140(1):14\u201319."},{"issue":"1","key":"b51","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"47","article-title":"The presence of progesterone receptors in arachnoid granulations and in the lining of arachnoid cysts: its relevance to expression of progesterone receptors in meningiomas","volume":"9","author":"Verhagen A","year":"1995","unstructured":"Verhagen A, Go KG, Visser GM, Blankenstein MA, Vaalburg W. The presence of progesterone receptors in arachnoid granulations and in the lining of arachnoid cysts: its relevance to expression of progesterone receptors in meningiomas. Br J Neurosurg. 1995;9(1):47\u201350."},{"issue":"1","key":"b52","series-title":"Neurooncol Adv","first-page":"vdz003","article-title":"Histomolecular characterization of intracranial meningiomas developed in patients exposed to high-dose cyproterone acetate: an antiandrogen treatment","volume":"1","author":"Portet S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Portet S, Naoufal R, Tachon G,  Histomolecular characterization of intracranial meningiomas developed in patients exposed to high-dose cyproterone acetate: an antiandrogen treatment. Neurooncol Adv. 2019;1(1):vdz003. doi:10.1093\/noajnl\/vdz003"},{"issue":"2","key":"b53","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"97","article-title":"Hormonotherapy of meningiomas with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Immunohistochemical demonstration of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on growth fractions of meningioma cells using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67","volume":"30","author":"Markwalder TM","year":"1988","unstructured":"Markwalder TM, Gerber HA, Waelti E, Schaffner T, Markwalder RV. Hormonotherapy of meningiomas with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Immunohistochemical demonstration of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on growth fractions of meningioma cells using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. Surg Neurol. 1988;30(2):97\u2013101. doi:10.1016\/0090-3019(88)90093-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"b54","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"96","article-title":"Endocrine manipulation of meningiomas with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Effect of MPA on growth of primary meningioma cells in monolayer tissue culture","volume":"31","author":"Waelti ER","year":"1989","unstructured":"Waelti ER, Markwalder TM. Endocrine manipulation of meningiomas with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Effect of MPA on growth of primary meningioma cells in monolayer tissue culture. Surg Neurol. 1989;31(2):96\u2013100. doi:10.1016\/0090-3019(89)90318-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"b55","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1152","article-title":"Inverse correlation of cell proliferation and expression of progesterone receptors in tumor spheroids and monolayer cultures of human meningiomas","volume":"41","author":"Tonn JC","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tonn JC, Ott MM, Bouterfa H,  Inverse correlation of cell proliferation and expression of progesterone receptors in tumor spheroids and monolayer cultures of human meningiomas. Neurosurgery. 1997;41(5):1152\u20131159. doi:10.1097\/00006123-199711000-00027"},{"issue":"8","key":"b56","series-title":"Cancer Gene Ther","first-page":"1114","article-title":"Respective roles of Pik3ca mutations and cyproterone acetate impregnation in mouse meningioma tumorigenesis","volume":"30","author":"C\u00f4mes PC","year":"2023","unstructured":"C\u00f4mes PC, Le Van T, Tran S,  Respective roles of Pik3ca mutations and cyproterone acetate impregnation in mouse meningioma tumorigenesis. Cancer Gene Ther. 2023;30(8):1114\u20131123. doi:10.1038\/s41417-023-00621-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"b57","series-title":"Endocr Rev","first-page":"171","article-title":"Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects","volume":"34","author":"Stanczyk FZ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stanczyk FZ, Hapgood JP, Winer S, Mishell DR. Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects. Endocr Rev. 2013;34(2):171\u2013208. doi:10.1210\/er.2012-1008"},{"issue":"2","key":"b58","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"223","article-title":"Meningioma in untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a relationship?","volume":"92","author":"Heijboer AC","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heijboer AC, Netelenbos JC, Blankenstein MA. Meningioma in untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a relationship? J Neurooncol. 2009;92(2):223\u2013225. doi:10.1007\/s11060-008-9751-x"},{"key":"b59","series-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep","first-page":"16","article-title":"Growth of a progesterone receptor-positive meningioma in a female patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"2016","author":"O\u2019Shea T","year":"2016","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea T, Crowley RK, Farrell M,  Growth of a progesterone receptor-positive meningioma in a female patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2016;2016:16\u20130054. doi:10.1530\/EDM-16-0054"},{"key":"b60","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e145","article-title":"Spheno-orbital meningiomas surgery: multicenter management study for complex extensive tumors","volume":"112","author":"Terrier LM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Terrier LM, Bernard F, Fournier HD,  Spheno-orbital meningiomas surgery: multicenter management study for complex extensive tumors. World Neurosurg. 2018;112:e145\u2013e156. doi:10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.12.182"},{"issue":"3","key":"b61","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"702","article-title":"Bilateral spheno-orbital meningiomas: surgical management, progression, and recurrence","volume":"141","author":"Planty-Bonjour A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Planty-Bonjour A, Terrier LM, Cognacq G,  Bilateral spheno-orbital meningiomas: surgical management, progression, and recurrence. J Neurosurg. 2024;141(3):702\u2013710. doi:10.3171\/2024.1.JNS232406"},{"issue":"6","key":"b62","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"833","article-title":"Normal meninges harbor oncogenic somatic mutations in meningioma-driver genes","volume":"146","author":"Boetto J","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boetto J, Plu I, Ducos Y,  Normal meninges harbor oncogenic somatic mutations in meningioma-driver genes. Acta Neuropathol. 2023;146(6):833\u2013835. doi:10.1007\/s00401-023-02635-4"},{"issue":"3","key":"b63","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"1001","article-title":"Prevalence, natural history and surgical outcome of spinal meningiomas in NF2-related schwannomatosis","volume":"175","author":"Deboeuf L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deboeuf L, Keraudy A, Picart T,  Prevalence, natural history and surgical outcome of spinal meningiomas in NF2-related schwannomatosis. J Neurooncol. 2025;175(3):1001\u20131010. doi:10.1007\/s11060-025-05231-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"b64","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"57","article-title":"Meningiomas from a developmental perspective: exploring the crossroads between meningeal embryology and tumorigenesis","volume":"163","author":"Boetto J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boetto J, Peyre M, Kalamarides M. Meningiomas from a developmental perspective: exploring the crossroads between meningeal embryology and tumorigenesis. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2021;163(1):57\u201366. doi:10.1007\/s00701-020-04650-w"},{"issue":"3","key":"b65","series-title":"Therapie","first-page":"255","article-title":"Meningiomas after cyproterone acetate exposure: case reports in twin sisters","volume":"76","author":"de Germay S","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Germay S, Lafaurie M, Dupuy M, de Germay B. Meningiomas after cyproterone acetate exposure: case reports in twin sisters. Therapie. 2021;76(3):255\u2013257. doi:10.1016\/j.therap.2020.02.025"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/61\/3\/article-pE2.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/61\/3\/article-pE2.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/61\/3\/article-pE2.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:01:19Z","timestamp":1788307279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/61\/3\/article-pE2.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2026.6.focus26248","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}}}