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The authors present an illustrative case of a patient who presented with severe medullary and posterior cord syndrome, the first South American case published to date, to the authors\u2019 knowledge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initially, the radiological differential diagnosis did not include this entity. The lesion was located at the obex and exhibited a well-delineated contrast enhancement without hydrocephalus. An emergency decompressive partial resection following functional limits was performed. After histological confirmation, radiotherapy was indicated, with complete remission achieved at a 6-month follow-up. The patient, however, continued to have a severe proprioceptive disorder. The literature review identified 21 other such patients. The mean age for this location was 23 years, with a strong female and Asian origin predilection. All tumors exhibited contrast enhancement, and only one presented with hydrocephalus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the absence of elevated tumor markers, radiological clues such as a well-delineated, contrast-enhanced lesion arising from the obex, without hydrocephalus, associated with demographic features such as young age, female sex, and Asian heritage, should evoke a high level of suspicion for this diagnosis. Gross total resection must not be attempted, because this tumor is potentially curable with high-dose radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case21315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T09:38:59Z","timestamp":1655717939000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Primary germinoma of the medulla oblongata: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Pablo","family":"Albi\u00f1a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroanatomy Lab, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aracelly","family":"Solis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, National Institute of Neurosurgery Dr. Asenjo, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Lorenzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Henny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroanatomy Lab, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience, NeuroUC, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Manriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Military Hospital of Santiago, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"b1","series-title":"Oncologist","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2008-0037","article-title":"Pediatric central nervous system germ cell tumors: a review","volume":"13","author":"Echevarr\u00eda ME","year":"2008","unstructured":"Echevarr\u00eda ME, Fangusaro J, Goldman S. 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