{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T03:05:15Z","timestamp":1776740715603,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation (AARD) in children may be caused by neck trauma or an upper respiratory tract infection. Here the authors describe the very rare association between inflammatory bowel disease and AARD in a child.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 7-year-old girl presented with an 11-month history of torticollis that occurred spontaneously without a trauma context. Her history revealed a recent diagnosis of Crohn\u2019s disease. Physical exam of the cervical spine revealed a \u201ccock-robin\u201d posture. Neck radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction established the diagnosis of AARD. Given the duration of the symptoms and failure of previous conservative treatments, the patient was taken to the operating room and underwent open reduction through posterior approach with a C1\u20132 fusion according to the Harms technique. The torticollis resolved with no recurrence at the last follow-up and minimal restriction of rotation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the third report to describe the very rare association between inflammatory bowel disease and AARD but at a very early age, the youngest in the literature. One should be aware of such association as early diagnosis may prevent aggressive surgical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case22515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T07:53:52Z","timestamp":1676274832000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Delayed atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation in a child with Crohn\u2019s disease: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Anouar","family":"Bourghli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Surgery Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic and Spinal Surgery Department, Kingdom Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faisal","family":"Konbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Surgery Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Almusrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Surgery Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Boissi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique du Dos, Elsan Jean Villar Private Hospital, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Obeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique du Dos, Elsan Jean Villar Private Hospital, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"490","article-title":"Efficacy of nonfusion treatment for subacute and chronic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation in children","volume":"34","author":"Glotzbecker MP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glotzbecker MP, Wasser AM, Hresko MT, Karlin LI, Emans JB, Hedequist DJ. Efficacy of nonfusion treatment for subacute and chronic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation in children. J Pediatr Orthop. 2014;34(5):490\u2013495.24276230"},{"issue":"2","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine","first-page":"77","article-title":"Torticollis and rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation: a clinical review","volume":"10","author":"Goel A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goel A. Torticollis and rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation: a clinical review. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2019;10(2):77\u201387.31404132"},{"issue":"5","key":"b3","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B","first-page":"404","article-title":"Surgical treatment for chronic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in children","volume":"22","author":"Tauchi R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tauchi R, Imagama S, Ito Z,  Surgical treatment for chronic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in children. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2013;22(5):404\u2013408.23764756"},{"issue":"1","key":"b4","series-title":"J Rheumatol","first-page":"169","article-title":"Isolated atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in a child with seronegative spondyloarthropathy presenting with torticollis","volume":"25","author":"Haasbeek JF","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haasbeek JF, Lessard JA. Isolated atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in a child with seronegative spondyloarthropathy presenting with torticollis. J Rheumatol. 1998;25(1):169\u2013172."},{"issue":"6","key":"b5","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E12","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease and the craniocervical junction","volume":"6","author":"Ryken T","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ryken T, Menezes A. Inflammatory bowel disease and the craniocervical junction. Neurosurg Focus. 1999;6(6):E12.16972747"},{"issue":"1","key":"b6","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"37","article-title":"Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (fixed rotatory subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint)","volume":"59","author":"Fielding JW","year":"1977","unstructured":"Fielding JW, Hawkins RJ. Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (fixed rotatory subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977;59(1):37\u201344.833172"},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"E252","article-title":"Transoral closed reduction of fixed atlanto-axial rotatory-subluxation (AARS) in childhood and adolescence","volume":"31","author":"Jeszenszky D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeszenszky D, Fekete T, Kleinst\u00fcck F, Haschtmann D, Loibl M. Transoral closed reduction of fixed atlanto-axial rotatory-subluxation (AARS) in childhood and adolescence. Clin Spine Surg. 2018;31(5):E252\u2013E256.28678026"},{"issue":"3","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg","first-page":"713","article-title":"Comprehensive treatment algorithm for atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) in children","volume":"47","author":"Mahr D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mahr D, Freigang V, Bhayana H,  Comprehensive treatment algorithm for atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) in children. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2021;47(3):713\u2013718.30783696"},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"770","article-title":"Skeletal traction in the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine","volume":"106","author":"Gallie WE","year":"1937","unstructured":"Gallie WE. Skeletal traction in the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. Ann Surg. 1937;106(4):770\u2013776.17857077"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Acta Chir Aust [Supp]","first-page":"69","article-title":"Spondylodesen an der oberen halswirbelsaule","volume":"43","author":"Magerl F","year":"1982","unstructured":"Magerl F. Spondylodesen an der oberen halswirbelsaule. Acta Chir Aust [Supp] 1982;43:69\u201370."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"b11","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"47","article-title":"Plate and screw fixation for atlanto-axial subluxation","volume":"129","author":"Goel A","year":"1994","unstructured":"Goel A, Laheri V. Plate and screw fixation for atlanto-axial subluxation. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1994;129(1-2):47\u201353.7998495"},{"issue":"22","key":"b12","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"2467","article-title":"Posterior C1-C2 fusion with polyaxial screw and rod fixation","volume":"26","author":"Harms J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harms J, Melcher RP. Posterior C1-C2 fusion with polyaxial screw and rod fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(22):2467\u20132471.11707712"},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"517","article-title":"Isolated atlantoaxial subluxation as the presenting manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"80","author":"Jordan JM","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jordan JM, Obeid LM, Allen NB. Isolated atlantoaxial subluxation as the presenting manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Med. 1986;80(3):517\u2013520.3953628"},{"issue":"11","key":"b14","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","first-page":"3190","article-title":"Atlantoaxial subluxation and pericarditis in a child with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"96","author":"Mahajan L","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mahajan L, Klein A, Wyllie R,  Atlantoaxial subluxation and pericarditis in a child with Crohn\u2019s disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96(11):3190\u20133191."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","author":"Malik TF","year":"2022","unstructured":"Malik TF, Aurelio DM. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. StatPearls; 2022 In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing LLC; Treasure Island (FL), 2022. Accessed March 16, 2022. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK568797\/."},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr","first-page":"257","article-title":"Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 1: ambulatory care-an evidence-based guideline from European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition","volume":"67","author":"Turner D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Turner D, Ruemmele FM, Orlanski-Meyer E,  Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 1: ambulatory care-an evidence-based guideline from European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;67(2):257\u2013291.30044357"},{"issue":"3","key":"b17","series-title":"Drugs","first-page":"333","article-title":"Vedolizumab and extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"81","author":"Hanzel J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hanzel J, Ma C, Casteele NV, Khanna R, Jairath V, Feagan BG. Vedolizumab and extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Drugs. 2021;81(3):333\u2013347.33400241"},{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop","first-page":"490","article-title":"Efficacy of nonfusion treatment for subacute and chronic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation in children","volume":"34","author":"Glotzbecker MP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glotzbecker MP, Wasser AM, Hresko MT, Karlin LI, Emans JB, Hedequist DJ. Efficacy of nonfusion treatment for subacute and chronic atlanto-axial rotatory fixation in children. J Pediatr Orthop. 2014;34(5):490\u2013495.24276230"},{"issue":"2","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine","first-page":"77","article-title":"Torticollis and rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation: a clinical review","volume":"10","author":"Goel A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goel A. Torticollis and rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation: a clinical review. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2019;10(2):77\u201387.31404132"},{"issue":"5","key":"b3","series-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B","first-page":"404","article-title":"Surgical treatment for chronic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in children","volume":"22","author":"Tauchi R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tauchi R, Imagama S, Ito Z,  Surgical treatment for chronic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in children. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2013;22(5):404\u2013408.23764756"},{"issue":"1","key":"b4","series-title":"J Rheumatol","first-page":"169","article-title":"Isolated atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in a child with seronegative spondyloarthropathy presenting with torticollis","volume":"25","author":"Haasbeek JF","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haasbeek JF, Lessard JA. Isolated atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in a child with seronegative spondyloarthropathy presenting with torticollis. J Rheumatol. 1998;25(1):169\u2013172."},{"issue":"6","key":"b5","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E12","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease and the craniocervical junction","volume":"6","author":"Ryken T","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ryken T, Menezes A. Inflammatory bowel disease and the craniocervical junction. Neurosurg Focus. 1999;6(6):E12.16972747"},{"issue":"1","key":"b6","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"37","article-title":"Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (fixed rotatory subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint)","volume":"59","author":"Fielding JW","year":"1977","unstructured":"Fielding JW, Hawkins RJ. Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (fixed rotatory subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977;59(1):37\u201344.833172"},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"E252","article-title":"Transoral closed reduction of fixed atlanto-axial rotatory-subluxation (AARS) in childhood and adolescence","volume":"31","author":"Jeszenszky D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeszenszky D, Fekete T, Kleinst\u00fcck F, Haschtmann D, Loibl M. Transoral closed reduction of fixed atlanto-axial rotatory-subluxation (AARS) in childhood and adolescence. Clin Spine Surg. 2018;31(5):E252\u2013E256.28678026"},{"issue":"3","key":"b8","series-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg","first-page":"713","article-title":"Comprehensive treatment algorithm for atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) in children","volume":"47","author":"Mahr D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mahr D, Freigang V, Bhayana H,  Comprehensive treatment algorithm for atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) in children. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2021;47(3):713\u2013718.30783696"},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"770","article-title":"Skeletal traction in the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine","volume":"106","author":"Gallie WE","year":"1937","unstructured":"Gallie WE. Skeletal traction in the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. Ann Surg. 1937;106(4):770\u2013776.17857077"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Acta Chir Aust [Supp]","first-page":"69","article-title":"Spondylodesen an der oberen halswirbelsaule","volume":"43","author":"Magerl F","year":"1982","unstructured":"Magerl F. Spondylodesen an der oberen halswirbelsaule. Acta Chir Aust [Supp] 1982;43:69\u201370."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"b11","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"47","article-title":"Plate and screw fixation for atlanto-axial subluxation","volume":"129","author":"Goel A","year":"1994","unstructured":"Goel A, Laheri V. Plate and screw fixation for atlanto-axial subluxation. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1994;129(1-2):47\u201353.7998495"},{"issue":"22","key":"b12","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"2467","article-title":"Posterior C1-C2 fusion with polyaxial screw and rod fixation","volume":"26","author":"Harms J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harms J, Melcher RP. Posterior C1-C2 fusion with polyaxial screw and rod fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(22):2467\u20132471.11707712"},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"517","article-title":"Isolated atlantoaxial subluxation as the presenting manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"80","author":"Jordan JM","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jordan JM, Obeid LM, Allen NB. Isolated atlantoaxial subluxation as the presenting manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Med. 1986;80(3):517\u2013520.3953628"},{"issue":"11","key":"b14","series-title":"Am J Gastroenterol","first-page":"3190","article-title":"Atlantoaxial subluxation and pericarditis in a child with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"96","author":"Mahajan L","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mahajan L, Klein A, Wyllie R,  Atlantoaxial subluxation and pericarditis in a child with Crohn\u2019s disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96(11):3190\u20133191."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","author":"Malik TF","year":"2022","unstructured":"Malik TF, Aurelio DM. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. StatPearls; 2022 In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing LLC; Treasure Island (FL), 2022. Accessed March 16, 2022. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK568797\/."},{"issue":"2","key":"b16","series-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr","first-page":"257","article-title":"Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 1: ambulatory care-an evidence-based guideline from European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition","volume":"67","author":"Turner D","year":"2018","unstructured":"Turner D, Ruemmele FM, Orlanski-Meyer E,  Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 1: ambulatory care-an evidence-based guideline from European Crohn\u2019s and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. 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