{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T21:28:31Z","timestamp":1775338111196,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium xenopi<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a common nontuberculous\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NTM) that is slow growing and an infrequent cause of infection. When infections do occur, it is by exposure to contaminated soil or water or to infectious aerosols. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in the spine are exceedingly rare. Risk factors can include immunosuppression, particularly human immunodeficiency virus; however, other systemic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The authors report a case of cord compression due to\n                      <jats:italic>M. xenopi<\/jats:italic>\n                      vertebral osteomyelitis with an epidural abscess in a patient with SLE on hydroxychloroquine and recent steroid use. The authors explore the presentation of a patient who developed acute neurological deficits concerning for spinal pathology secondary to NTM. Although considered a rare occurrence, patients with autoimmune pathologies are susceptible to infection by unusual organisms. Standard treatment of autoimmune diseases can predispose patients to infection and warrant surgical correction to prevent long-term neurological deficits.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is still much work and research to be done in the exploration and understanding of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection, pathophysiology, and treatment in the immunocompetent population and in patients with autoimmune disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case23422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T15:14:30Z","timestamp":1710774870000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mycobacterium xenopi vertebral osteomyelitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josha","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob B","family":"Gerzenshtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E","family":"O\u2019Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"b1","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"951","article-title":"Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria","volume":"10","author":"Petitjean G","year":"2004","unstructured":"Petitjean G, Fluckiger U, Sch\u00e4ren S, Laifer G. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004;10(11):951\u2013953."},{"issue":"3","key":"b2","series-title":"Clin Chest Med","first-page":"569","article-title":"Pathogenesis of nontuberculous mycobacteria infections","volume":"23","author":"McGarvey J","year":"2002","unstructured":"McGarvey J, Bermudez LE. Pathogenesis of nontuberculous mycobacteria infections. Clin Chest Med. 2002;23(3):569\u2013583."},{"issue":"1","key":"b3","series-title":"Clin Chest Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pathogenesis and risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease","volume":"36","author":"Honda JR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Honda JR, Knight V, Chan ED. Pathogenesis and risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease. 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