{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:18:30Z","timestamp":1770351510940,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698624000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) involving the vertebral artery (VA) is a rare vascular pathology that can result from damage to the VA, most frequently following cervical spine trauma. In most traumatic cases, the dAVF develops and manifests shortly after trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A patient was admitted after a fall from the stairs causing neck pain. Computed tomography of the cervical spine revealed a Hangman\u2019s fracture, and angiography showed a left VA dissection. The patient was treated with a cervical brace and clopidogrel. Three weeks after trauma, the patient was admitted because of bilateral leg ataxia, dizziness, and neck pain. Repeat imaging revealed increased displacement of the cervical fracture and a dAVF from the left VA with retrograde filling of the dAVF from the right VA. Embolization of the dAVF using coils proximally and distally to the dAVF was performed prior to placing a halo brace. At 6 months, all symptoms had disappeared and union of the cervical spine fracture had occurred.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case report emphasizes the need for follow-up angiography after traumatic VA injury resulting from cervical spine fracture and underlines important treatment considerations for successful obliteration of a dAVF of the VA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case23527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T20:32:09Z","timestamp":1698697929000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Late-developing posttraumatic dural arteriovenous fistula of the vertebral artery: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Hanna E","family":"Schenck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Lifesciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas B","family":"Fodor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Medicine and Lifesciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bart A. J. M","family":"Wagemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roel H. L","family":"Haeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Lifesciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"658","article-title":"Angiographic evidence of spontaneous closure of nontraumatic arteriovenous fistula of the vertebral artery. Case report","volume":"38","author":"Kim YH","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kim YH, Gildenberg PL, Duchesneau PM. Angiographic evidence of spontaneous closure of nontraumatic arteriovenous fistula of the vertebral artery. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1973;38(5):658\u2013661."},{"issue":"2","key":"b2","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"517","article-title":"Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury","volume":"68","author":"Fusco MR","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fusco MR, Harrigan MR. Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury. Neurosurgery. 2011;68(2):517\u2013530, discussion 530."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"279","article-title":"Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"51","author":"Miller PR","year":"2001","unstructured":"Miller PR, Fabian TC, Bee TK,  Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment. J Trauma. 2001;51(2):279\u2013285, discussion 285-286."},{"issue":"2","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"215","article-title":"Microvascular anatomy of dural arteriovenous abnormalities of the spine: a microangiographic study","volume":"84","author":"McCutcheon IE","year":"1996","unstructured":"McCutcheon IE, Doppman JL, Oldfield EH. Microvascular anatomy of dural arteriovenous abnormalities of the spine: a microangiographic study. J Neurosurg. 1996;84(2):215\u2013220."},{"issue":"11","key":"b5","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"885","article-title":"Traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with cervical spine fracture","volume":"17","author":"Avellanosa AM","year":"1977","unstructured":"Avellanosa AM, Glasauer FE, Oh YS. Traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with cervical spine fracture. 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No Shinkei Geka. 1994;22(1):55\u201359."},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"382","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistula as a late complication of upper cervical spine fracture","volume":"100","author":"Vankan Y","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vankan Y, Demaerel P, Heye S,  Dural arteriovenous fistula as a late complication of upper cervical spine fracture. J Neurosurg Spine. 2004;100(suppl 4):382\u2013384."},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"381","article-title":"Symptomatic high-flow arteriovenous fistula after a C-2 fracture. Case report","volume":"8","author":"Heuer GG","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heuer GG, Gabel BC, Bhowmick DA, Stiefel MF, Hurst RW, Schuster JM. Symptomatic high-flow arteriovenous fistula after a C-2 fracture. Case report. 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J Trauma. 2001;51(2):279\u2013285, discussion 285-286."},{"issue":"2","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"215","article-title":"Microvascular anatomy of dural arteriovenous abnormalities of the spine: a microangiographic study","volume":"84","author":"McCutcheon IE","year":"1996","unstructured":"McCutcheon IE, Doppman JL, Oldfield EH. Microvascular anatomy of dural arteriovenous abnormalities of the spine: a microangiographic study. J Neurosurg. 1996;84(2):215\u2013220."},{"issue":"11","key":"b5","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"885","article-title":"Traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with cervical spine fracture","volume":"17","author":"Avellanosa AM","year":"1977","unstructured":"Avellanosa AM, Glasauer FE, Oh YS. Traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with cervical spine fracture. J Trauma. 1977;17(11):885\u2013888."},{"issue":"10","key":"b6","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"904","article-title":"Cervical spine trauma: a cause of vertebral artery injury","volume":"20","author":"Hayes P","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hayes P, Gerlock AJ Jr, Cobb CA. Cervical spine trauma: a cause of vertebral artery injury. J Trauma. 1980;20(10):904\u2013905."},{"issue":"1","key":"b7","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka","first-page":"55","article-title":"A case of Hangman\u2019s fracture associated with vertebral arteriovenous fistula treated with trapping. Article in Japanese","volume":"22","author":"Okuchi K","year":"1994","unstructured":"Okuchi K, Fujioka M, Konobu T,  A case of Hangman\u2019s fracture associated with vertebral arteriovenous fistula treated with trapping. Article in Japanese. No Shinkei Geka. 1994;22(1):55\u201359."},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"382","article-title":"Dural arteriovenous fistula as a late complication of upper cervical spine fracture","volume":"100","author":"Vankan Y","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vankan Y, Demaerel P, Heye S,  Dural arteriovenous fistula as a late complication of upper cervical spine fracture. J Neurosurg Spine. 2004;100(suppl 4):382\u2013384."},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"381","article-title":"Symptomatic high-flow arteriovenous fistula after a C-2 fracture. Case report","volume":"8","author":"Heuer GG","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heuer GG, Gabel BC, Bhowmick DA, Stiefel MF, Hurst RW, Schuster JM. Symptomatic high-flow arteriovenous fistula after a C-2 fracture. Case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;8(4):381\u2013384."},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka Neurol Surg","first-page":"135","article-title":"A case of traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula treated by internal trapping of the vertebral artery. Article in Japanese","volume":"44","author":"Nishihiro S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nishihiro S, Sugiu K, Hishikawa T,  A case of traumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula treated by internal trapping of the vertebral artery. Article in Japanese. No Shinkei Geka Neurol Surg. 2016;44(2):135\u2013141."},{"issue":"2","key":"b11","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"249","article-title":"Traumatic vertebral artery rupture causing intraspinal hematoma and progressive neurological symptoms","volume":"160","author":"Shiban E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shiban E, Meyer B. Traumatic vertebral artery rupture causing intraspinal hematoma and progressive neurological symptoms. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2018;160(2):249\u2013251."},{"issue":"9","key":"b12","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e5801","article-title":"Acute formation of a blunt trauma-induced vertebral artery arteriovenous fistula treated with endovascular occlusion of vertebral artery","volume":"11","author":"Young M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Young M, Johnson R, Gordhan A. Acute formation of a blunt trauma-induced vertebral artery arteriovenous fistula treated with endovascular occlusion of vertebral artery. Cureus. 2019;11(9):e5801."},{"key":"b13","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"413","article-title":"Posttraumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula: a lifeline from tetraplegia?","volume":"142","author":"Zanin L","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zanin L, Belotti F, Frigerio M,  Posttraumatic vertebral arteriovenous fistula: a lifeline from tetraplegia? World Neurosurg. 2020;142:413\u2013419."},{"issue":"6","key":"b14","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","first-page":"2","article-title":"Mild trauma causing cervical fracture through transverse foramen leading to a vertebral arteriovenous fistula","volume":"14","author":"Andersen MS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andersen MS, Krone W, Munthe S. Mild trauma causing cervical fracture through transverse foramen leading to a vertebral arteriovenous fistula. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(6):2\u20134."},{"key":"b15","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"409","article-title":"Unstable Hangman fracture complicated by vertebral-venous fistula: surgical considerations and review of literature","volume":"145","author":"Sarath Chander V","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sarath Chander V, Govindasamy R, Rudrappa S, Gopal S. Unstable Hangman fracture complicated by vertebral-venous fistula: surgical considerations and review of literature. 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J Spinal Disord Tech. 2008;21(4):252\u2013258."},{"issue":"5","key":"b18","series-title":"Ann Surg","first-page":"699","article-title":"Treatment-related outcomes from blunt cerebrovascular injuries: importance of routine follow-up arteriography","volume":"235","author":"Biffl WL","year":"2002","unstructured":"Biffl WL, Ray CE Jr, Moore EE,  Treatment-related outcomes from blunt cerebrovascular injuries: importance of routine follow-up arteriography. Ann Surg. 2002;235(5):699\u2013707."},{"issue":"2","key":"b19","series-title":"Radiology","first-page":"361","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of vertebral arteriovenous fistula","volume":"183","author":"Beaujeux RL","year":"1992","unstructured":"Beaujeux RL, Reizine DC, Casasco A,  Endovascular treatment of vertebral arteriovenous fistula. 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