{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:21:51Z","timestamp":1770351711882,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n During brain tumor resection, neurophysiological mapping and monitoring help surgeons locate, characterize, and functionally assess eloquent brain areas in real time. The selection of mapping and monitoring targets has implications for successful surgery. Here, the authors compare direct cortical stimulation (DCS) as suggested by median nerve (MN) with posterior tibial nerve (PTN) cortical sensory mapping (SM) during mesial lesion resection.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n Recordings from a 6-contact cortical strip served to generate an MN and a PTN sensory map, which indicated the strip was anterior to the central sulcus. Responses exhibited an amplitude gradient with no phase reversal (PR). DCS, elicited through a stimulus probe or contact(s) of the strip, yielded larger responses from the corresponding sensory mapped limb; that is, PTN SM resulted in larger lower limb muscle responses than those suggested by MN SM.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n SM of the MN and PTN is effective for localizing eloquent cortical areas wherein the PTN is favored in surgery for mesial cortical tumors. The recorded amplitude of the cortical somatosensory evoked potential is a valuable criterion for defining the optimal location for DCS, despite an absent PR. The pathway at risk dictates the specifics of SM, which subsequently defines the optimal location for DCS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case23704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T02:19:19Z","timestamp":1711333159000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization of direct cortical stimulation using tibial versus median nerve sensory mapping during midline brain tumor resection: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Denmark","family":"Mugutso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery Professional Corporation (NSPC), Rockville Centre, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Warnecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery Professional Corporation (NSPC), Rockville Centre, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee Eric","family":"Tessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Hospital Long Island, Mineola, New York; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Pace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Limbic Neuro, LLC, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marat V","family":"Avshalumov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery Professional Corporation (NSPC), Rockville Centre, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurophysiology in Neurosurgery - A Modern Intraoperative Approach.","first-page":"339","article-title":"Intraoperative neurophysiological mapping and monitoring for supratentorial procedures","author":"Neuloh G","year":"2002","unstructured":"Neuloh G, Schramm J Intraoperative neurophysiological mapping and monitoring for supratentorial procedures.In: Deletis V, Shils JL, eds. Neurophysiology in Neurosurgery - A Modern Intraoperative Approach. Elsevier; 2002:339\u2013394."},{"issue":"1","key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"99","article-title":"Localization of human sensorimotor cortex during surgery by cortical surface recording of somatosensory evoked potentials","volume":"68","author":"Wood CC","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wood CC, Spencer DD, Allison T, McCarthy G, Williamson PD, Goff WR Localization of human sensorimotor cortex during surgery by cortical surface recording of somatosensory evoked potentials. J Neurosurg. 1988;68(1):99\u2013111."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"112","article-title":"Scalp topography of somatosensory evoked potentials following electrical stimulation of femoral nerve","volume":"74","author":"Wang J","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wang J, Cohen LG, Hallett M Scalp topography of somatosensory evoked potentials following electrical stimulation of femoral nerve. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1989;74(2):112\u2013123."},{"issue":"9","key":"b4","series-title":"Cureus.","first-page":"e10645","article-title":"Mapping of the motor cortex","volume":"12","author":"Jahangiri FR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jahangiri FR, Dobariya A, Kruse A, Mapping of the motor cortex. Cureus. 2020;12(9):e10645."},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"867","article-title":"Intraoperative localization of the central sulcus by cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in brain tumor. Case report","volume":"76","author":"Suzuki A","year":"1992","unstructured":"Suzuki A, Yasui N Intraoperative localization of the central sulcus by cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in brain tumor. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1992;76(5):867\u2013870."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien).","first-page":"263","article-title":"Intra-operative mapping of the motor cortex during surgery in and around the motor cortex","volume":"142","author":"Kombos T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kombos T, Suess O, Funk T, Kern BC, Brock M Intra-operative mapping of the motor cortex during surgery in and around the motor cortex. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(3):263\u2013268."},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery.","first-page":"828","article-title":"Factors affecting successful localization of the central sulcus using the somatosensory evoked potential phase reversal technique","volume":"72","author":"Sheth SA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sheth SA, Eckhardt CA, Walcott BP, Eskandar EN, Simon MV Factors affecting successful localization of the central sulcus using the somatosensory evoked potential phase reversal technique. Neurosurgery. 2013;72(5):828\u2013834."},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci.","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Phase reversal technique decreases cortical stimulation time during motor mapping","volume":"21","author":"Simon MV","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon MV, Sheth SA, Eckhardt CA, Phase reversal technique decreases cortical stimulation time during motor mapping. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21(6):1011\u20131017."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien).","first-page":"22","article-title":"Intraoperative identification of the central sulcus: a practical method","volume":"42","author":"Aiba T","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aiba T, Seki Y Intraoperative identification of the central sulcus: a practical method. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1988;42:22\u201326."},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"126","article-title":"Localization of functional regions of human mesial cortex by somatosensory evoked potential recording and by cortical stimulation","volume":"100","author":"Allison T","year":"1996","unstructured":"Allison T, McCarthy G, Luby M, Puce A, Spencer DD Localization of functional regions of human mesial cortex by somatosensory evoked potential recording and by cortical stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1996;100(2):126\u2013140."},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"67","article-title":"Anatomical and neurophysiological localization of the leg motor area at the medial central sulcus","volume":"143","author":"Sato S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sato S, Shibahara I, Inukai M, Komai H, Hide T, Kumabe T Anatomical and neurophysiological localization of the leg motor area at the medial central sulcus. Clin Neurophysiol. 2022;143:67\u201374."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Epilepsy and the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain.","author":"Penfield W","year":"1954","unstructured":"Penfield W, Jasper H Epilepsy and the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain. Churchill; 1954."},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"J Clin Monit Comput.","first-page":"241","article-title":"Intraoperative monitoring using somatosensory evoked potentials. A position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"19","author":"Toleikis JR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Toleikis JR Intraoperative monitoring using somatosensory evoked potentials. A position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. J Clin Monit Comput. 2005;19(3):241\u2013258."},{"issue":"12","key":"b14","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"2291","article-title":"Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring - a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"124","author":"Macdonald DB","year":"2013","unstructured":"Macdonald DB, Skinner S, Shils J, Yingling C Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring - a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;124(12):2291\u20132316."},{"issue":"6","key":"b15","series-title":"J Clin Monit Comput.","first-page":"369","article-title":"Guidelines for intraoperative neuromonitoring using raw (analog or digital waveforms) and quantitative electroencephalography: a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"23","author":"Isley MR","year":"2009","unstructured":"Isley MR, Edmonds HL Jr, Stecker M Guidelines for intraoperative neuromonitoring using raw (analog or digital waveforms) and quantitative electroencephalography: a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. J Clin Monit Comput. 2009;23(6):369\u2013390."},{"issue":"4","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"476","article-title":"Localization in somatic sensory and motor areas of human cerebral cortex as determined by direct recording of evoked potentials and electrical stimulation","volume":"51","author":"Woolsey CN","year":"1979","unstructured":"Woolsey CN, Erickson TC, Gilson WE Localization in somatic sensory and motor areas of human cerebral cortex as determined by direct recording of evoked potentials and electrical stimulation. J Neurosurg. 1979;51(4):476\u2013506."},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"379","article-title":"Analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials to lateral popliteal nerve stimulation in man","volume":"33","author":"Tsumoto T","year":"1972","unstructured":"Tsumoto T, Hirose N, Nonaka S, Takahashi M Analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials to lateral popliteal nerve stimulation in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1972;33(4):379\u2013388."},{"issue":"6","key":"b18","series-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"571","article-title":"Intraoperative neurophysiologic sensorimotor mapping and monitoring in supratentorial surgery","volume":"30","author":"Simon MV","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simon MV Intraoperative neurophysiologic sensorimotor mapping and monitoring in supratentorial surgery. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;30(6):571\u2013590."},{"issue":"2","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.","first-page":"221","article-title":"Localisation of the sensorimotor cortex during surgery for brain tumours: feasibility and waveform patterns of somatosensory evoked potentials","volume":"72","author":"Romst\u00f6ck J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Romst\u00f6ck J, Fahlbusch R, Ganslandt O, Nimsky C, Strauss C Localisation of the sensorimotor cortex during surgery for brain tumours: feasibility and waveform patterns of somatosensory evoked potentials. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;72(2): 221\u2013229."},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurophysiology in Neurosurgery - A Modern Intraoperative Approach.","first-page":"339","article-title":"Intraoperative neurophysiological mapping and monitoring for supratentorial procedures","author":"Neuloh G","year":"2002","unstructured":"Neuloh G, Schramm J Intraoperative neurophysiological mapping and monitoring for supratentorial procedures.In: Deletis V, Shils JL, eds. Neurophysiology in Neurosurgery - A Modern Intraoperative Approach. Elsevier; 2002:339\u2013394."},{"issue":"1","key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"99","article-title":"Localization of human sensorimotor cortex during surgery by cortical surface recording of somatosensory evoked potentials","volume":"68","author":"Wood CC","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wood CC, Spencer DD, Allison T, McCarthy G, Williamson PD, Goff WR Localization of human sensorimotor cortex during surgery by cortical surface recording of somatosensory evoked potentials. J Neurosurg. 1988;68(1):99\u2013111."},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"112","article-title":"Scalp topography of somatosensory evoked potentials following electrical stimulation of femoral nerve","volume":"74","author":"Wang J","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wang J, Cohen LG, Hallett M Scalp topography of somatosensory evoked potentials following electrical stimulation of femoral nerve. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1989;74(2):112\u2013123."},{"issue":"9","key":"b4","series-title":"Cureus.","first-page":"e10645","article-title":"Mapping of the motor cortex","volume":"12","author":"Jahangiri FR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jahangiri FR, Dobariya A, Kruse A, Mapping of the motor cortex. Cureus. 2020;12(9):e10645."},{"issue":"5","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"867","article-title":"Intraoperative localization of the central sulcus by cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in brain tumor. Case report","volume":"76","author":"Suzuki A","year":"1992","unstructured":"Suzuki A, Yasui N Intraoperative localization of the central sulcus by cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in brain tumor. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1992;76(5):867\u2013870."},{"issue":"3","key":"b6","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien).","first-page":"263","article-title":"Intra-operative mapping of the motor cortex during surgery in and around the motor cortex","volume":"142","author":"Kombos T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kombos T, Suess O, Funk T, Kern BC, Brock M Intra-operative mapping of the motor cortex during surgery in and around the motor cortex. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(3):263\u2013268."},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery.","first-page":"828","article-title":"Factors affecting successful localization of the central sulcus using the somatosensory evoked potential phase reversal technique","volume":"72","author":"Sheth SA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sheth SA, Eckhardt CA, Walcott BP, Eskandar EN, Simon MV Factors affecting successful localization of the central sulcus using the somatosensory evoked potential phase reversal technique. Neurosurgery. 2013;72(5):828\u2013834."},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci.","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Phase reversal technique decreases cortical stimulation time during motor mapping","volume":"21","author":"Simon MV","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon MV, Sheth SA, Eckhardt CA, Phase reversal technique decreases cortical stimulation time during motor mapping. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21(6):1011\u20131017."},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien).","first-page":"22","article-title":"Intraoperative identification of the central sulcus: a practical method","volume":"42","author":"Aiba T","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aiba T, Seki Y Intraoperative identification of the central sulcus: a practical method. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1988;42:22\u201326."},{"issue":"2","key":"b10","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"126","article-title":"Localization of functional regions of human mesial cortex by somatosensory evoked potential recording and by cortical stimulation","volume":"100","author":"Allison T","year":"1996","unstructured":"Allison T, McCarthy G, Luby M, Puce A, Spencer DD Localization of functional regions of human mesial cortex by somatosensory evoked potential recording and by cortical stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1996;100(2):126\u2013140."},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"67","article-title":"Anatomical and neurophysiological localization of the leg motor area at the medial central sulcus","volume":"143","author":"Sato S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sato S, Shibahara I, Inukai M, Komai H, Hide T, Kumabe T Anatomical and neurophysiological localization of the leg motor area at the medial central sulcus. Clin Neurophysiol. 2022;143:67\u201374."},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Epilepsy and the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain.","author":"Penfield W","year":"1954","unstructured":"Penfield W, Jasper H Epilepsy and the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain. Churchill; 1954."},{"issue":"3","key":"b13","series-title":"J Clin Monit Comput.","first-page":"241","article-title":"Intraoperative monitoring using somatosensory evoked potentials. A position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"19","author":"Toleikis JR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Toleikis JR Intraoperative monitoring using somatosensory evoked potentials. A position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. J Clin Monit Comput. 2005;19(3):241\u2013258."},{"issue":"12","key":"b14","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"2291","article-title":"Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring - a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"124","author":"Macdonald DB","year":"2013","unstructured":"Macdonald DB, Skinner S, Shils J, Yingling C Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring - a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;124(12):2291\u20132316."},{"issue":"6","key":"b15","series-title":"J Clin Monit Comput.","first-page":"369","article-title":"Guidelines for intraoperative neuromonitoring using raw (analog or digital waveforms) and quantitative electroencephalography: a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"23","author":"Isley MR","year":"2009","unstructured":"Isley MR, Edmonds HL Jr, Stecker M Guidelines for intraoperative neuromonitoring using raw (analog or digital waveforms) and quantitative electroencephalography: a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. J Clin Monit Comput. 2009;23(6):369\u2013390."},{"issue":"4","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg.","first-page":"476","article-title":"Localization in somatic sensory and motor areas of human cerebral cortex as determined by direct recording of evoked potentials and electrical stimulation","volume":"51","author":"Woolsey CN","year":"1979","unstructured":"Woolsey CN, Erickson TC, Gilson WE Localization in somatic sensory and motor areas of human cerebral cortex as determined by direct recording of evoked potentials and electrical stimulation. J Neurosurg. 1979;51(4):476\u2013506."},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"379","article-title":"Analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials to lateral popliteal nerve stimulation in man","volume":"33","author":"Tsumoto T","year":"1972","unstructured":"Tsumoto T, Hirose N, Nonaka S, Takahashi M Analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials to lateral popliteal nerve stimulation in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1972;33(4):379\u2013388."},{"issue":"6","key":"b18","series-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol.","first-page":"571","article-title":"Intraoperative neurophysiologic sensorimotor mapping and monitoring in supratentorial surgery","volume":"30","author":"Simon MV","year":"2013","unstructured":"Simon MV Intraoperative neurophysiologic sensorimotor mapping and monitoring in supratentorial surgery. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;30(6):571\u2013590."},{"issue":"2","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.","first-page":"221","article-title":"Localisation of the sensorimotor cortex during surgery for brain tumours: feasibility and waveform patterns of somatosensory evoked potentials","volume":"72","author":"Romst\u00f6ck J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Romst\u00f6ck J, Fahlbusch R, Ganslandt O, Nimsky C, Strauss C Localisation of the sensorimotor cortex during surgery for brain tumours: feasibility and waveform patterns of somatosensory evoked potentials. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;72(2): 221\u2013229."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/7\/13\/article-CASE23704.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/7\/13\/article-CASE23704.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/7\/13\/article-CASE23704.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T14:25:09Z","timestamp":1770301509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/7\/13\/article-CASE23704.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case23704","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]}}}