{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T23:32:09Z","timestamp":1769729529199,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cauda equina neuroendocrine tumors (CENETs), previously known as cauda equina paragangliomas, and multiple cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are uncommon conditions affecting the central nervous system. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, they have not been reported in the same patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The authors present the case of a 45-year-old male with CENET and concurrent incidental MRI findings of multiple CCMs. Familial CCMs are associated with mutations in the\n                      <jats:italic>KRIT1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CCM1),\n                      <jats:italic>MGC4607<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CCM2), and\n                      <jats:italic>PDCD10<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CCM3) genes. Peripheral paragangliomas have been associated with mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (\n                      <jats:italic>SDHx<\/jats:italic>\n                      ),\n                      <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic>\n                      (multiple endocrine neoplasia 2),\n                      <jats:italic>VHL<\/jats:italic>\n                      (von Hippel\u2013Lindau syndrome), and\n                      <jats:italic>NF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (neurofibromatosis type 1) genes. Except for a single case, cauda equina paragangliomas have not been associated with any underlying genetic mutations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is unclear whether the co-occurrence of these two rare conditions in the same patient is coincidental or suggests a possible shared pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24102\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24102<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T03:01:27Z","timestamp":1722826887000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concurrent multiple cerebral cavernous malformations and cauda equina paraganglioma: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Genetics, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ghahreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Med Genet","first-page":"716","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformation: new molecular and clinical insights","volume":"43","author":"Revencu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Revencu NVikkula M. Cerebral cavernous malformation: new molecular and clinical insights. J Med Genet. 2006;43(9):716-721."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib2","series-title":"Hum Mol Genet","first-page":"1351","article-title":"KRIT1 is mutated in hyperkeratotic cutaneous capillary\u2013venous malformation associated with cerebral capillary malformation","volume":"9","author":"Eerola","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eerola IPlate KHSpiegel RBoon LMMulliken JBVikkula M. KRIT1 is mutated in hyperkeratotic cutaneous capillary\u2013venous malformation associated with cerebral capillary malformation. Hum Mol Genet. 2000;9(9):1351-1355."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"709","article-title":"Natural history of the cavernous angioma","volume":"75","author":"Robinson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Robinson JRAwad IALittle JR. Natural history of the cavernous angioma. 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Am J Surg Pathol. 2023;47(4):469-475."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib27","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"177","article-title":"Cauda equina paraganglioma: a review","volume":"65","author":"Miliaras","year":"2003","unstructured":"Miliaras GCKyritsis APPolyzoidis KS. Cauda equina paraganglioma: a review. J Neurooncol. 2003;65(2):177-190."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib28","series-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine","first-page":"20","article-title":"Primary paraganglioma of the spine: a clinicopathological study of eight cases","volume":"5","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mishra TGoel NAGoel AH. Primary paraganglioma of the spine: a clinicopathological study of eight cases. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2014;5(1):20-24."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib29","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"103","article-title":"Paraganglioma of the cauda equina: a tertiary centre experience and scoping review of the current literature","volume":"45","author":"Shtaya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shtaya AIorga RHettige SBridges LRStapleton SJohnston FG. Paraganglioma of the cauda equina: a tertiary centre experience and scoping review of the current literature. Neurosurg Rev. 2022;45(1):103-118."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib30","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"831","article-title":"Paragangliomas of the spine: a retrospective case series in a national reference French center","volume":"162","author":"Tuleasca","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tuleasca CAl-Risi ASDavid PAdam CAghakhani NParker F. Paragangliomas of the spine: a retrospective case series in a national reference French center. 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