{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T22:52:15Z","timestamp":1769727135721,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic inflammation of the thorax, as in tuberculosis-related pyothorax, can cause secondary malignant lymphomas. However, primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system, specifically of the dura mater, developing after intracranial infection or inflammation has rarely been reported. Herein, the authors describe a case of primary dural lymphoma that developed secondary to subdural empyema, with an initial presentation mimicking a chronic subdural hematoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 51-year-old man had undergone single burr hole drainage for subdural empyema 2 years prior. The patient subsequently underwent multiple craniotomy and drainage procedures, with successful remission of the subdural empyema. He was subsequently referred to the authors\u2019 hospital approximately a year after his initial treatment because of a recollection of subdural fluid, which was suspected to be recurrent empyema. After another single burr hole drainage, which revealed only a subdural hematoma, a histopathological diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma of the dural\/subdural membrane was made. Subsequent radiation therapy was completed, with good local control and no recurrence of the subdural hematoma confirmed at 2 months posttreatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracranial lymphoma triggered by chronic inflammation is rare but should be considered a differential diagnosis in subdural hematomas for which the background pathology is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24153\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24153<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T01:48:39Z","timestamp":1721785719000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["De novo primary malignant lymphoma of the dura following recurrent episodes of subdural abscess presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Yagisawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ibayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rintaro","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Koyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Kanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Omiya, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuyuki","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirotoshi","family":"Kawata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Kunii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"bib1","series-title":"Adv Anat Pathol","first-page":"324","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: a lymphoma developing in chronic inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Aozasa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aozasa KTakakuwa TNakatsuka S. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: a lymphoma developing in chronic inflammation. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005;12(6):324-331."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib2","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1560","article-title":"Gastric MALT lymphomas are divided into three groups based on responsiveness to eradication and detection of fusion","volume":"28","author":"Inagaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Inagaki HNakamura TLi C, et al. Gastric MALT lymphomas are divided into three groups based on responsiveness to eradication and detection of fusion. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28(12):1560-1567."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Annu Rev Immunol","first-page":"587","article-title":"Cellular responses to viral infection in humans: lessons from Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"25","author":"Hislop","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hislop ADTaylor GSSauce DRickinson AB. Cellular responses to viral infection in humans: lessons from Epstein-Barr virus. Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:587-617."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Clin Exp Hematop","first-page":"5","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma","volume":"46","author":"Aozasa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aozasa K. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop. 2006;46(1):5-10."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib5","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e7043","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Semonche","year":"2020","unstructured":"Semonche AGomez PKolcun JPGPerez-Roman RJStarke RM. Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: case report and review of the literature. Cureus2020;12(2):e7043."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"49","article-title":"Tumoral mimics of subdural hematomas: case report and review of diagnostic and management strategies in primary B-cell lymphoma of the subdural space","volume":"133","author":"Neeley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neeley OJAl-Hreish KMAoun SG, et al. Tumoral mimics of subdural hematomas: case report and review of diagnostic and management strategies in primary B-cell lymphoma of the subdural space. World Neurosurg. 2020;133:49-54."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Microsc Ultrastruct","first-page":"196","article-title":"Primary dural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a diagnostic pitfall: report of a rare presentation with review of literature","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh RChaturvedi SPant ISingh G. Primary dural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a diagnostic pitfall: report of a rare presentation with review of literature. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2023;11(3):196-198."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"311","article-title":"Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in dura","volume":"17","author":"Kambham","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kambham NChang YMatsushima AY. Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in dura. Clin Neuropathol. 1998;17(6):311-317."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"611","article-title":"Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura mimicking the presentation of an acute subdural hematoma. Case report and review of the literature","volume":"96","author":"Goetz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goetz PLafuente JRevesz TGalloway MDogan AKitchen N. Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura mimicking the presentation of an acute subdural hematoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2002;96(3):611-614."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"380","article-title":"Primary dural lymphoma mimicking a subdural hematoma","volume":"17","author":"Gocmen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gocmen SGamsizkan MOnguru OSefali MErdogan E. Primary dural lymphoma mimicking a subdural hematoma. J Clin Neurosci. 2010;17(3):380-382."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"384","article-title":"Primary diffuse large B-cell central nervous system lymphoma presenting as an acute space-occupying subdural mass","volume":"113","author":"Sacho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sacho RHKogels Mdu Plessis DJowitt SJosan VA. Primary diffuse large B-cell central nervous system lymphoma presenting as an acute space-occupying subdural mass. J Neurosurg. 2010;113(2):384-387."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib12","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"384","article-title":"Primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type in the central nervous system (MZL CNS) presented as traumatic subdural hematoma and subarachnoid bleeding - case report","volume":"32","author":"Jesionek-Kupnicka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jesionek-Kupnicka DSmolewski PKupnicki P, et al. Primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type in the central nervous system (MZL CNS) presented as traumatic subdural hematoma and subarachnoid bleeding - case report. Clin Neuropathol. 2013;32(5):384-392."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract","first-page":"216","article-title":"An unusual extra-axial hypodense lesion mimicking a chronic subdural haematoma","volume":"4","author":"Ramnarayan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ramnarayan RAnilkumar TNayar R. An unusual extra-axial hypodense lesion mimicking a chronic subdural haematoma. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2013;4(2):216-219."},{"issue":"17","key":"bib14","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"e128","article-title":"Teaching neuroimages: dural lymphoma mimicking a subacute subdural hematoma","volume":"81","author":"Mathon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mathon BNouet AVilla C, et al. Teaching neuroimages: dural lymphoma mimicking a subacute subdural hematoma. Neurology. 2013;81(17):e128-e129."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15","series-title":"JAMA Neurol","first-page":"916","article-title":"Suspected subdural hematoma","volume":"71","author":"Ozkul-Wermester","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ozkul-Wermester OGu\u00e9gan-Massardier ETriquenot-Bagan ALanglois OLefaucheur RBourre B. Suspected subdural hematoma. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(7):916-917."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib16","series-title":"Singapore Med J","first-page":"e187","article-title":"An unusual presentation of primary malignant B-cell-type dural lymphoma","volume":"55","author":"Low","year":"2014","unstructured":"Low YYSLai SHNg WH. An unusual presentation of primary malignant B-cell-type dural lymphoma. Singapore Med J. 2014;55(11):e187-e190."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"156","article-title":"Dural lymphoma mimicking subdural haematoma on computerized tomography","volume":"169","author":"Azevedo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Azevedo RReis FBrito ABCVassallo JLima CSP. Dural lymphoma mimicking subdural haematoma on computerized tomography. Br J Haematol. 2015;169(2):156."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"258","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: complete remission achieved by chemotherapy alone","volume":"62","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nakagawa TNakano TMasuda R, et al. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: complete remission achieved by chemotherapy alone. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;62(4):258-261."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib19","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2811","article-title":"Primary dural lymphomas: clinical presentation, management, and outcome","volume":"126","author":"Karschnia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karschnia PBatchelor TTJordan JT, et al. Primary dural lymphomas: clinical presentation, management, and outcome. Cancer. 2020;126(12):2811-2820."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib1","series-title":"Adv Anat Pathol","first-page":"324","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: a lymphoma developing in chronic inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Aozasa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aozasa KTakakuwa TNakatsuka S. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: a lymphoma developing in chronic inflammation. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005;12(6):324-331."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib2","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1560","article-title":"Gastric MALT lymphomas are divided into three groups based on responsiveness to eradication and detection of fusion","volume":"28","author":"Inagaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Inagaki HNakamura TLi C, et al. Gastric MALT lymphomas are divided into three groups based on responsiveness to eradication and detection of fusion. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28(12):1560-1567."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Annu Rev Immunol","first-page":"587","article-title":"Cellular responses to viral infection in humans: lessons from Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"25","author":"Hislop","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hislop ADTaylor GSSauce DRickinson AB. Cellular responses to viral infection in humans: lessons from Epstein-Barr virus. Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:587-617."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Clin Exp Hematop","first-page":"5","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma","volume":"46","author":"Aozasa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aozasa K. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop. 2006;46(1):5-10."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib5","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e7043","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Semonche","year":"2020","unstructured":"Semonche AGomez PKolcun JPGPerez-Roman RJStarke RM. Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: case report and review of the literature. Cureus2020;12(2):e7043."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"49","article-title":"Tumoral mimics of subdural hematomas: case report and review of diagnostic and management strategies in primary B-cell lymphoma of the subdural space","volume":"133","author":"Neeley","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neeley OJAl-Hreish KMAoun SG, et al. Tumoral mimics of subdural hematomas: case report and review of diagnostic and management strategies in primary B-cell lymphoma of the subdural space. World Neurosurg. 2020;133:49-54."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Microsc Ultrastruct","first-page":"196","article-title":"Primary dural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a diagnostic pitfall: report of a rare presentation with review of literature","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh RChaturvedi SPant ISingh G. Primary dural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a diagnostic pitfall: report of a rare presentation with review of literature. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2023;11(3):196-198."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"311","article-title":"Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in dura","volume":"17","author":"Kambham","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kambham NChang YMatsushima AY. Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in dura. Clin Neuropathol. 1998;17(6):311-317."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"611","article-title":"Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura mimicking the presentation of an acute subdural hematoma. Case report and review of the literature","volume":"96","author":"Goetz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goetz PLafuente JRevesz TGalloway MDogan AKitchen N. Primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the dura mimicking the presentation of an acute subdural hematoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2002;96(3):611-614."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"380","article-title":"Primary dural lymphoma mimicking a subdural hematoma","volume":"17","author":"Gocmen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gocmen SGamsizkan MOnguru OSefali MErdogan E. Primary dural lymphoma mimicking a subdural hematoma. J Clin Neurosci. 2010;17(3):380-382."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"384","article-title":"Primary diffuse large B-cell central nervous system lymphoma presenting as an acute space-occupying subdural mass","volume":"113","author":"Sacho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sacho RHKogels Mdu Plessis DJowitt SJosan VA. Primary diffuse large B-cell central nervous system lymphoma presenting as an acute space-occupying subdural mass. J Neurosurg. 2010;113(2):384-387."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib12","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"384","article-title":"Primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type in the central nervous system (MZL CNS) presented as traumatic subdural hematoma and subarachnoid bleeding - case report","volume":"32","author":"Jesionek-Kupnicka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jesionek-Kupnicka DSmolewski PKupnicki P, et al. Primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type in the central nervous system (MZL CNS) presented as traumatic subdural hematoma and subarachnoid bleeding - case report. Clin Neuropathol. 2013;32(5):384-392."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract","first-page":"216","article-title":"An unusual extra-axial hypodense lesion mimicking a chronic subdural haematoma","volume":"4","author":"Ramnarayan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ramnarayan RAnilkumar TNayar R. An unusual extra-axial hypodense lesion mimicking a chronic subdural haematoma. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2013;4(2):216-219."},{"issue":"17","key":"bib14","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"e128","article-title":"Teaching neuroimages: dural lymphoma mimicking a subacute subdural hematoma","volume":"81","author":"Mathon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mathon BNouet AVilla C, et al. Teaching neuroimages: dural lymphoma mimicking a subacute subdural hematoma. Neurology. 2013;81(17):e128-e129."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib15","series-title":"JAMA Neurol","first-page":"916","article-title":"Suspected subdural hematoma","volume":"71","author":"Ozkul-Wermester","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ozkul-Wermester OGu\u00e9gan-Massardier ETriquenot-Bagan ALanglois OLefaucheur RBourre B. Suspected subdural hematoma. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(7):916-917."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib16","series-title":"Singapore Med J","first-page":"e187","article-title":"An unusual presentation of primary malignant B-cell-type dural lymphoma","volume":"55","author":"Low","year":"2014","unstructured":"Low YYSLai SHNg WH. An unusual presentation of primary malignant B-cell-type dural lymphoma. Singapore Med J. 2014;55(11):e187-e190."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","series-title":"Br J Haematol","first-page":"156","article-title":"Dural lymphoma mimicking subdural haematoma on computerized tomography","volume":"169","author":"Azevedo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Azevedo RReis FBrito ABCVassallo JLima CSP. Dural lymphoma mimicking subdural haematoma on computerized tomography. Br J Haematol. 2015;169(2):156."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"258","article-title":"Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: complete remission achieved by chemotherapy alone","volume":"62","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nakagawa TNakano TMasuda R, et al. Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: complete remission achieved by chemotherapy alone. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014;62(4):258-261."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib19","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"2811","article-title":"Primary dural lymphomas: clinical presentation, management, and outcome","volume":"126","author":"Karschnia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karschnia PBatchelor TTJordan JT, et al. Primary dural lymphomas: clinical presentation, management, and outcome. Cancer. 2020;126(12):2811-2820."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/4\/article-CASE24153.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/4\/article-CASE24153.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/4\/article-CASE24153.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T11:53:14Z","timestamp":1769687594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/4\/article-CASE24153.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case24153","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]}}}