{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:14:02Z","timestamp":1769732042320,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Schizencephaly and encephaloceles are rare developmental birth defects, with the former involving abnormal clefts in the cerebral hemispheres connected to the ventricular system and the latter involving a neural tube defect characterized by the protrusion of brain tissue through an abnormal skull opening. These conditions are individually uncommon, and their simultaneous occurrence in a single patient is exceedingly unusual.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n This case report explores the intersection of these two rare congenital malformations in a 2-month-old female patient from an indigenous community in a rural area of Colombia. She presented with open-lip schizencephaly accompanied by a nasoethmoidal encephalocele and additional brain abnormalities, including septum pellucidum agenesis, corpus callosum dysgenesis, and a suspected bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n Management involved a two-step surgical procedure, addressing hydrocephalus with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and the encephalocele with posterior excision, thereby facilitating optimal cortical gray matter development and enhancing neurological outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n \n https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24259<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T01:45:40Z","timestamp":1730684740000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two-stage surgical intervention for a rare case of intersected nasoethmoidal encephalocele and open-lip schizencephaly in an infant: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Suarez-Monsalve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Research Group, NeuroAxis SAS, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Campos-Fajardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Research Group, NeuroAxis SAS, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raul","family":"Ramirez-Grueso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Research Group, NeuroAxis SAS, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen Lorena","family":"Jacomussi-Alzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Research Group, NeuroAxis SAS, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Franco Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"},{"name":"Pediatric Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Surgery, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bib1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"551","article-title":"Schizencephaly\u2014diagnostics and clinical dilemmas","volume":"31","author":"Halabuda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Halabuda AKlasa LKwiatkowski SWyrobek LMilczarek OGergont A. Schizencephaly\u2014diagnostics and clinical dilemmas. Childs Nerv Syst. 2015;31(4):551-556."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Child Neurol","first-page":"198","article-title":"Schizencephaly: association with young maternal age, alcohol use, and lack of prenatal care","volume":"28","author":"Dies","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dies KABodell AHisama FM, et al. Schizencephaly: association with young maternal age, alcohol use, and lack of prenatal care. J Child Neurol. 2013;28(2):198-203."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib3","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"945","article-title":"Schizencephaly revisited","volume":"60","author":"Griffiths","year":"2018","unstructured":"Griffiths PD. Schizencephaly revisited. Neuroradiology. 2018;60(9):945-960."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"101863","article-title":"Nasofrontal encephalocele: a case report","volume":"34","author":"Ocampo-Navia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ocampo-Navia MILacouture-Silgado IHenao-Romero SM\u00e9ndez Guti\u00e9rrez AAcevedo-Gonz\u00e1lez JC. Nasofrontal encephalocele: a case report. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2023;34:101863."},{"key":"bib5","article-title":"Facts about encephalocele","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about encephalocele. Accessed August 29, 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/birth-defects\/about\/encephalocele.html."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib6","series-title":"Fetal Pediatr Pathol","first-page":"496","article-title":"Schizencephaly accompanied by occipital encephalocele and deletion of chromosome 22q13.32: a case report","volume":"38","author":"Inan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Inan CSayin NCGurkan H, et al. Schizencephaly accompanied by occipital encephalocele and deletion of chromosome 22q13.32: a case report. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2019;38(6):496-502."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib7","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"739","article-title":"Nasal encephaloceles: a review of etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment, and complications","volume":"29","author":"Tirumandas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tirumandas MSharma AGbenimacho I, et al. Nasal encephaloceles: a review of etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013;29(5):739-744."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib8","series-title":"J Pediatr Neurosci","first-page":"136","article-title":"Large vertex meningoencephalocele with schizencephaly: an interesting case with neurosurgical challenge","volume":"9","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mishra SSSenapati SBDas SDeo RC. Large vertex meningoencephalocele with schizencephaly: an interesting case with neurosurgical challenge. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2014;9(2):136-138."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"Iran J Child Neurol","first-page":"47","article-title":"A case of schizencephaly and septo-optic dysplasia presenting with anterior encephalocele","volume":"6","author":"Fadakar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fadakar KDadkhahfar SEsmaeili AKeyhanidoust Z. A case of schizencephaly and septo-optic dysplasia presenting with anterior encephalocele. Iran J Child Neurol. 2012;6(4):47-50."},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"246","article-title":"Frontoethmoidal encephalocele presenting in concert with schizencephaly","volume":"9","author":"Tanwir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tanwir ABukhari SShamim MS. Frontoethmoidal encephalocele presenting in concert with schizencephaly. Surg Neurol Int. 2018;9:246."},{"key":"bib11","unstructured":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Schizencephaly. Accessed August 29, 2024. https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/schizencephaly."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib12","series-title":"Am J Med Genet A","first-page":"1313","article-title":"Comprehensive EMX2 genotyping of a large schizencephaly case series","volume":"143A","author":"Tietjen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tietjen IBodell AApse K, et al. Comprehensive EMX2 genotyping of a large schizencephaly case series. Am J Med Genet A. 2007;143A(12):1313-1316."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"Neurocirug\u00eda","first-page":"94","article-title":"Frontoethmoidal encephalocele. Report of a case","volume":"30","author":"Horcajadas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Horcajadas APalma AKhalon BM. Frontoethmoidal encephalocele. Report of a case. Neurocirug\u00eda. 2019;30(2):94-99."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"101410","article-title":"Management of alobar holoprosencephaly associated with fronto-nasal encephalocoele and type I (closed-lips) schizencephaly at the university of calabar teaching Hospital: a case report and literature review","volume":"27","author":"Obanife","year":"2022","unstructured":"Obanife OHAdekanye AGEkpo RG, et al. Management of alobar holoprosencephaly associated with fronto-nasal encephalocoele and type I (closed-lips) schizencephaly at the university of calabar teaching Hospital: a case report and literature review. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2022;27:101410."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Mol Genet Metab","first-page":"S114","article-title":"Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome with schizencephaly: a case report and literature review of CNS malformations in a very rare syndrome","volume":"132","author":"Pomerantz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pomerantz DLynn JDave PConway R. Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome with schizencephaly: a case report and literature review of CNS malformations in a very rare syndrome. Mol Genet Metab. 2021;132:S114."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib16","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"4352","article-title":"Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation","volume":"10","author":"Imbard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Imbard ABenoist JFBlom HJ. Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation. 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J Child Neurol. 2013;28(2):198-203."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib3","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"945","article-title":"Schizencephaly revisited","volume":"60","author":"Griffiths","year":"2018","unstructured":"Griffiths PD. Schizencephaly revisited. Neuroradiology. 2018;60(9):945-960."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"101863","article-title":"Nasofrontal encephalocele: a case report","volume":"34","author":"Ocampo-Navia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ocampo-Navia MILacouture-Silgado IHenao-Romero SM\u00e9ndez Guti\u00e9rrez AAcevedo-Gonz\u00e1lez JC. Nasofrontal encephalocele: a case report. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2023;34:101863."},{"key":"bib5","article-title":"Facts about encephalocele","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts about encephalocele. 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Iran J Child Neurol. 2012;6(4):47-50."},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"246","article-title":"Frontoethmoidal encephalocele presenting in concert with schizencephaly","volume":"9","author":"Tanwir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tanwir ABukhari SShamim MS. Frontoethmoidal encephalocele presenting in concert with schizencephaly. Surg Neurol Int. 2018;9:246."},{"key":"bib11","unstructured":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Schizencephaly. Accessed August 29, 2024. https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/schizencephaly."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib12","series-title":"Am J Med Genet A","first-page":"1313","article-title":"Comprehensive EMX2 genotyping of a large schizencephaly case series","volume":"143A","author":"Tietjen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tietjen IBodell AApse K, et al. Comprehensive EMX2 genotyping of a large schizencephaly case series. Am J Med Genet A. 2007;143A(12):1313-1316."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"Neurocirug\u00eda","first-page":"94","article-title":"Frontoethmoidal encephalocele. Report of a case","volume":"30","author":"Horcajadas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Horcajadas APalma AKhalon BM. Frontoethmoidal encephalocele. Report of a case. Neurocirug\u00eda. 2019;30(2):94-99."},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"101410","article-title":"Management of alobar holoprosencephaly associated with fronto-nasal encephalocoele and type I (closed-lips) schizencephaly at the university of calabar teaching Hospital: a case report and literature review","volume":"27","author":"Obanife","year":"2022","unstructured":"Obanife OHAdekanye AGEkpo RG, et al. Management of alobar holoprosencephaly associated with fronto-nasal encephalocoele and type I (closed-lips) schizencephaly at the university of calabar teaching Hospital: a case report and literature review. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2022;27:101410."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Mol Genet Metab","first-page":"S114","article-title":"Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome with schizencephaly: a case report and literature review of CNS malformations in a very rare syndrome","volume":"132","author":"Pomerantz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pomerantz DLynn JDave PConway R. Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome with schizencephaly: a case report and literature review of CNS malformations in a very rare syndrome. Mol Genet Metab. 2021;132:S114."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib16","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"4352","article-title":"Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation","volume":"10","author":"Imbard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Imbard ABenoist JFBlom HJ. Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation. 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