{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T23:45:01Z","timestamp":1769730301402,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Craniotomy is required for the removal of brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs) with repeated hemorrhage, and this condition is often complicated by an accompanying developmental venous anomaly (DVA). However, a DVA of the brainstem or cerebellum with drainage penetrating the pons is an exceptional finding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 57-year-old man presented with double vision. Computed tomography revealed progressive enlargement of the hemorrhage in the dorsal pons. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography revealed an expanded transverse vessel penetrating the center of the pons in contact with the CM. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that the DVA, comprising the expanded transpontine vein and some cerebellar medullary veins acting as normal venous drainage, coexisted with the CM. By utilizing the angioarchitecture and intraoperative neuronavigation system data, electrophysiological mapping, and indocyanine green videoangiography, complete removal of the CM was accomplished while preserving the DVA and brain function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study presents the intraoperative images of an expanded transpontine vein as a DVA, which has never been depicted in a live patient before, accompanied by a CM in the dorsal portion of the pons.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24314\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24314<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T02:46:55Z","timestamp":1724035615000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Complete removal of a cavernous malformation in the dorsal pons, in contact with the expanded transpontine vein: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ichiyo","family":"Shibahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Hyakutake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madoka","family":"Inukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumito","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuichiro","family":"Hide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Kumabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"534","article-title":"Developmental venous anomaly: benign or not benign","volume":"56","author":"Aoki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aoki RSrivatanakul K. Developmental venous anomaly: benign or not benign. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2016;56(9):534-543."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"820","article-title":"The natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"83","author":"Kondziolka","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kondziolka DLunsford LDKestle JR. The natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1995;83(5):820-824."},{"issue":"1-4","key":"bib3","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"35","article-title":"Cavernous malformations of the brain stem. a review of 139 cases","volume":"130","author":"Fritschi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fritschi JAReulen HJSpetzler RFZabramski JM. Cavernous malformations of the brain stem. a review of 139 cases. Acta Neurochir. 1994;130(1-4):35-46."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"444","article-title":"Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang CCLiu AZhang JTSun BZhao YL. Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases. Surg Neurol. 2003;59(6):444-454."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"41","article-title":"A comparison of the clinical profile of cavernous malformations with and without associated venous malformations","volume":"44","author":"Abdulrauf","year":"1999","unstructured":"Abdulrauf SIKaynar MYAwad IA. A comparison of the clinical profile of cavernous malformations with and without associated venous malformations. Neurosurgery. 1999;44(1):41-46."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"20","article-title":"Developmental venous anomalies: current concepts and implications for management","volume":"65","author":"Rammos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rammos SKMaina RLanzino G. Developmental venous anomalies: current concepts and implications for management. Neurosurgery. 2009;65(1):20-29."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7","series-title":"Ann Neurol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Cerebral developmental venous anomalies: current concepts","volume":"66","author":"Ru\u00edz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ru\u00edz DSYilmaz HGailloud P. Cerebral developmental venous anomalies: current concepts. Ann Neurol. 2009;66(3):271-283."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"61","article-title":"MR evaluation of developmental venous anomalies: medullary venous anatomy of venous angiomas","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee CPennington MAKenney CM. MR evaluation of developmental venous anomalies: medullary venous anatomy of venous angiomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996;17(1):61-70."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"643","article-title":"Posterior fossa venous angiomas with drainage through the brain stem","volume":"15","author":"Damiano","year":"1994","unstructured":"Damiano TRTruwit CLDowd CFSymonds DLPortela LDreisbach J. Posterior fossa venous angiomas with drainage through the brain stem. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1994;15(4):643-652."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"476","article-title":"Venous anomalies and abnormalities of the posterior fossa","volume":"31","author":"Goulao","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goulao AAlvarez HGarcia Monaco RPruvost PLasjaunias P. Venous anomalies and abnormalities of the posterior fossa. Neuroradiology. 1990;31(6):476-482."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib11","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka","first-page":"619","article-title":"A rare case of developmental venous anomaly with diffuse arteriovenous shunt in the posterior fossa presented as massive cerebellar hemorrhage","volume":"41","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fujimoto TKawahara ITsutsumi K, et al. A rare case of developmental venous anomaly with diffuse arteriovenous shunt in the posterior fossa presented as massive cerebellar hemorrhage. 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Use of microscope-integrated near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography in the surgical treatment of intramedullary cavernous malformations: report of 8 cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;18(5):443-449."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib16","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"296","article-title":"Indocyanine green videoangiography of optic cavernous angioma\u2013case report","volume":"51","author":"Murai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Murai YAdachi KKoketsu KTeramoto A. Indocyanine green videoangiography of optic cavernous angioma\u2013case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2011;51(4):296-298."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib17","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"1169","article-title":"An analysis of flow dynamics in cerebral cavernous malformation and orbital cavernous angioma using indocyanine green videoangiography","volume":"154","author":"Murakami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Murakami KEndo TTominaga T. An analysis of flow dynamics in cerebral cavernous malformation and orbital cavernous angioma using indocyanine green videoangiography. Acta Neurochir. 2012;154(7):1169-1175."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"534","article-title":"Developmental venous anomaly: benign or not benign","volume":"56","author":"Aoki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aoki RSrivatanakul K. Developmental venous anomaly: benign or not benign. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2016;56(9):534-543."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"820","article-title":"The natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"83","author":"Kondziolka","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kondziolka DLunsford LDKestle JR. The natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1995;83(5):820-824."},{"issue":"1-4","key":"bib3","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"35","article-title":"Cavernous malformations of the brain stem. a review of 139 cases","volume":"130","author":"Fritschi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fritschi JAReulen HJSpetzler RFZabramski JM. Cavernous malformations of the brain stem. a review of 139 cases. Acta Neurochir. 1994;130(1-4):35-46."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"444","article-title":"Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang CCLiu AZhang JTSun BZhao YL. Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases. 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Neurosurgery. 2009;65(1):20-29."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7","series-title":"Ann Neurol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Cerebral developmental venous anomalies: current concepts","volume":"66","author":"Ru\u00edz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ru\u00edz DSYilmaz HGailloud P. Cerebral developmental venous anomalies: current concepts. Ann Neurol. 2009;66(3):271-283."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib8","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"61","article-title":"MR evaluation of developmental venous anomalies: medullary venous anatomy of venous angiomas","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee CPennington MAKenney CM. MR evaluation of developmental venous anomalies: medullary venous anatomy of venous angiomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996;17(1):61-70."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"643","article-title":"Posterior fossa venous angiomas with drainage through the brain stem","volume":"15","author":"Damiano","year":"1994","unstructured":"Damiano TRTruwit CLDowd CFSymonds DLPortela LDreisbach J. Posterior fossa venous angiomas with drainage through the brain stem. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1994;15(4):643-652."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10","series-title":"Neuroradiology","first-page":"476","article-title":"Venous anomalies and abnormalities of the posterior fossa","volume":"31","author":"Goulao","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goulao AAlvarez HGarcia Monaco RPruvost PLasjaunias P. Venous anomalies and abnormalities of the posterior fossa. Neuroradiology. 1990;31(6):476-482."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib11","series-title":"No Shinkei Geka","first-page":"619","article-title":"A rare case of developmental venous anomaly with diffuse arteriovenous shunt in the posterior fossa presented as massive cerebellar hemorrhage","volume":"41","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fujimoto TKawahara ITsutsumi K, et al. A rare case of developmental venous anomaly with diffuse arteriovenous shunt in the posterior fossa presented as massive cerebellar hemorrhage. No Shinkei Geka. 2013;41(7):619-625."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformations: clinical insights from genetic studies","volume":"21","author":"Mindea","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mindea SAYang BPShenkar RBendok BBatjer HHAwad IA. Cerebral cavernous malformations: clinical insights from genetic studies. Neurosurg Focus. 2006;21(1):e1."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"278","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative identification of the lenticulostriate arteries in insular glioma surgery. Technical note","volume":"111","author":"Saito","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saito RKumabe TInoue T, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative identification of the lenticulostriate arteries in insular glioma surgery. Technical note. J Neurosurg. 2009;111(2):278-281."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib14","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"244","article-title":"Safe stereotactic biopsy for basal ganglia lesions: avoiding injury to the basal perforating arteries","volume":"96","author":"Sato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sato SDan MHata H, et al. Safe stereotactic biopsy for basal ganglia lesions: avoiding injury to the basal perforating arteries. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2018;96(4):244-248."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"443","article-title":"Use of microscope-integrated near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography in the surgical treatment of intramedullary cavernous malformations: report of 8 cases","volume":"18","author":"Endo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Endo TAizawa-Kohama MNagamatsu KMurakami KTakahashi ATominaga T. Use of microscope-integrated near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography in the surgical treatment of intramedullary cavernous malformations: report of 8 cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;18(5):443-449."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib16","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"296","article-title":"Indocyanine green videoangiography of optic cavernous angioma\u2013case report","volume":"51","author":"Murai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Murai YAdachi KKoketsu KTeramoto A. 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