{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:36:37Z","timestamp":1792791397746,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) is a rare central nervous system tumor, especially in adult females. Typically, it presents with leptomeningeal enhancements in the basal cisterns and spinal cord. However, varied radiological and pathological features can complicate the diagnosis, as the present case illustrates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n An adult female presented with severe headache, blurred vision, and cognitive impairment. Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) was detected via lumbar puncture. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed atypical unilateral basal cistern enhancement, differing from the usual symmetrical DLGNT presentation. Despite high ICP, only mild ventricular enlargement was observed. Noncontrast spine MRI failed to demonstrate spinal leptomeningeal enhancement. A stereotactic biopsy of an occipital lesion was inconclusive. These atypical findings led to misdiagnoses of viral encephalitis or inflammation at two hospitals. Significant symptom relief occurred only after ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery. Over 2.5 years, intraparenchymal lesions in the parahippocampal gyrus grew, necessitating surgical intervention. Pathological examination finally confirmed DLGNT. Postsurgery, the patient underwent chemotherapy with temozolomide and remains symptom free.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n This case underscores the critical importance of comprehensive initial imaging, strategic biopsy planning, and timely placement of a VP shunt in patients with DLGNT. It contributes to the literature by revealing atypical imaging features and long-term progression patterns of DLGNT.<\/jats:p>\n \n https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24701<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T01:48:52Z","timestamp":1734918532000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnostic challenges of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor in an adult female: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lichao","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Second Medical Center, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GuoLu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzheng","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"bib1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"459","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (DLGNT) with hydrocephalus as an initial symptom: a case-based update","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen WKong ZFu J, et al. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (DLGNT) with hydrocephalus as an initial symptom: a case-based update. Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(3):459-468."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2","series-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)","first-page":"342","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour with 9-year follow-up: case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Sarkinaite","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarkinaite MDevyziene IMakstiene JMatukevicius AGleizniene R. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour with 9-year follow-up: case report and review of the literature. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(2):342"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"803","article-title":"The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary","volume":"131","author":"Louis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Louis DNPerry AReifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131(6):803-820."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"970076","article-title":"Clinical progression, pathological characteristics, and radiological findings in children with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang HQiu LSong J, et al. Clinical progression, pathological characteristics, and radiological findings in children with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors: a systematic review. Front Oncol. 2022;12:970076."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Prognostic factors in diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT): a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Wi\u015bniewski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wi\u015bniewski KBrandel MGGonda DDCrawford JRLevy ML. Prognostic factors in diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT): a systematic review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2022;38(9):1663-1673."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib6","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"627","article-title":"Disseminated oligodendroglial-like leptomeningeal tumor of childhood: a distinctive clinicopathologic entity","volume":"124","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodriguez FJPerry ARosenblum MK, et al. Disseminated oligodendroglial-like leptomeningeal tumor of childhood: a distinctive clinicopathologic entity. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;124(5):627-641."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib7","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"2155","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor of childhood","volume":"41","author":"Lakhani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lakhani DAMankad KChhabda S, et al. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor of childhood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(11):2155-2159."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Case Rep Neurol Med","first-page":"1391943","article-title":"A case of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor misdiagnosed as chronic tuberculous meningitis without brain biopsy","volume":"2018","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee JKKo HCChoi JGLee YSSon BC. A case of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor misdiagnosed as chronic tuberculous meningitis without brain biopsy. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2018;2018:1391943."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"239","article-title":"Molecularly defined diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) comprises two subgroups with distinct clinical and genetic features","volume":"136","author":"Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng MYSill MChiang J, et al. Molecularly defined diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) comprises two subgroups with distinct clinical and genetic features. Acta Neuropathol. 2018;136(2):239-253."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib10","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"387","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor involving circle of Willis and spinal nerve roots","volume":"100","author":"Lei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lei XLiu YHan FYu HDeng CHe D. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor involving circle of Willis and spinal nerve roots. Neurology. 2023;100(8):387-388."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11","series-title":"Child Neurol Open","first-page":"2329048X14567531","article-title":"Newly identified characteristics and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal\/neuroepithelial tumors: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Lyle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lyle MRDolia JNFratkin JNichols TAHerrington BL. Newly identified characteristics and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal\/neuroepithelial tumors: a case report and review of the literature. Child Neurol Open. 2015;2(1):2329048X14567531."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib12","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"2405","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour: where to biopsy? Case report and literature review","volume":"37","author":"S\u00e1ez-Alegre","year":"2021","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez-Alegre MSaceda Guti\u00e9rrez JMUtrilla Contreras CAracil Santos FJGarc\u00eda-Feijoo PCarceller Benito F. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour: where to biopsy? Case report and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021;37(7):2405-2408."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Semin Oncol","first-page":"148","article-title":"Metabolic targeting can improve the efficiency of brain tumor biopsies","volume":"47","author":"Villena Mart\u00edn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villena Mart\u00edn MPena Pardo FJJim\u00e9nez Arag\u00f3n FBorras Moreno JMGarc\u00eda Vicente AM. Metabolic targeting can improve the efficiency of brain tumor biopsies. Semin Oncol. 2020;47(2-3):148-154."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"459","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (DLGNT) with hydrocephalus as an initial symptom: a case-based update","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen WKong ZFu J, et al. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (DLGNT) with hydrocephalus as an initial symptom: a case-based update. Childs Nerv Syst. 2020;36(3):459-468."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2","series-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)","first-page":"342","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour with 9-year follow-up: case report and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Sarkinaite","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarkinaite MDevyziene IMakstiene JMatukevicius AGleizniene R. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour with 9-year follow-up: case report and review of the literature. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(2):342"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"803","article-title":"The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary","volume":"131","author":"Louis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Louis DNPerry AReifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131(6):803-820."},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"970076","article-title":"Clinical progression, pathological characteristics, and radiological findings in children with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang HQiu LSong J, et al. Clinical progression, pathological characteristics, and radiological findings in children with diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumors: a systematic review. Front Oncol. 2022;12:970076."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Prognostic factors in diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT): a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Wi\u015bniewski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wi\u015bniewski KBrandel MGGonda DDCrawford JRLevy ML. Prognostic factors in diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT): a systematic review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2022;38(9):1663-1673."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib6","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"627","article-title":"Disseminated oligodendroglial-like leptomeningeal tumor of childhood: a distinctive clinicopathologic entity","volume":"124","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodriguez FJPerry ARosenblum MK, et al. Disseminated oligodendroglial-like leptomeningeal tumor of childhood: a distinctive clinicopathologic entity. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;124(5):627-641."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib7","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"2155","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor of childhood","volume":"41","author":"Lakhani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lakhani DAMankad KChhabda S, et al. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor of childhood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(11):2155-2159."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Case Rep Neurol Med","first-page":"1391943","article-title":"A case of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor misdiagnosed as chronic tuberculous meningitis without brain biopsy","volume":"2018","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee JKKo HCChoi JGLee YSSon BC. A case of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor misdiagnosed as chronic tuberculous meningitis without brain biopsy. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2018;2018:1391943."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"239","article-title":"Molecularly defined diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) comprises two subgroups with distinct clinical and genetic features","volume":"136","author":"Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng MYSill MChiang J, et al. Molecularly defined diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) comprises two subgroups with distinct clinical and genetic features. Acta Neuropathol. 2018;136(2):239-253."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib10","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"387","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor involving circle of Willis and spinal nerve roots","volume":"100","author":"Lei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lei XLiu YHan FYu HDeng CHe D. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor involving circle of Willis and spinal nerve roots. Neurology. 2023;100(8):387-388."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11","series-title":"Child Neurol Open","first-page":"2329048X14567531","article-title":"Newly identified characteristics and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal\/neuroepithelial tumors: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Lyle","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lyle MRDolia JNFratkin JNichols TAHerrington BL. Newly identified characteristics and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal\/neuroepithelial tumors: a case report and review of the literature. Child Neurol Open. 2015;2(1):2329048X14567531."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib12","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"2405","article-title":"Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour: where to biopsy? Case report and literature review","volume":"37","author":"S\u00e1ez-Alegre","year":"2021","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez-Alegre MSaceda Guti\u00e9rrez JMUtrilla Contreras CAracil Santos FJGarc\u00eda-Feijoo PCarceller Benito F. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour: where to biopsy? Case report and literature review. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021;37(7):2405-2408."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Semin Oncol","first-page":"148","article-title":"Metabolic targeting can improve the efficiency of brain tumor biopsies","volume":"47","author":"Villena Mart\u00edn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villena Mart\u00edn MPena Pardo FJJim\u00e9nez Arag\u00f3n FBorras Moreno JMGarc\u00eda Vicente AM. Metabolic targeting can improve the efficiency of brain tumor biopsies. Semin Oncol. 2020;47(2-3):148-154."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/26\/article-CASE24701.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/26\/article-CASE24701.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/26\/article-CASE24701.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T11:56:50Z","timestamp":1769687810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/8\/26\/article-CASE24701.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case24701","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]}}}