{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T11:00:48Z","timestamp":1770116448641,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare and highly malignant tumors of neural crest origin. No matter their anatomical location, they are difficult to treat and carry a poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report highlights the complexities of the diagnosis and management of a patient with MPNST of the cauda equina. The tumor retained the expression of H3K27me3, which is expected in spinal MPNSTs but uncommon in most sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1\u2013driven MPNSTs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The described diagnostic nuance should be taken into consideration in patients with suspected MPNST of the cauda equina, as these tumors require swift neurosurgical intervention in order to maintain neurological function. Additional treatment modalities include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although improvements in local control and progression-free survival have been reported, the role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy has been underinvestigated due to the rarity of MPNSTs presenting in this region.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24723\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24723<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T16:34:00Z","timestamp":1742920440000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor presenting in the cauda equina: diagnostic and biological pearls. Illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9131-7482","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mason","family":"Bartman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preston","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2905-8951","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kseniia","family":"Malkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7620-0584","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joshua Michael","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4871-0525","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joshua","family":"Currie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1833-4589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matias","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0872-5113","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michelle Madden","family":"Felicella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Lall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bib1","series-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am","first-page":"789","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor","volume":"25","author":"James","year":"2016","unstructured":"James AWShurell ESingh ADry SMEilber FC.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016;25(4):789-802."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib2","series-title":"PLoS One","article-title":"Impaired Pten expression in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours","volume":"7","author":"Bradtm\u00f6ller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bradtm\u00f6ller MHartmann CZietsch JImpaired Pten expression in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e47595."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Surg Oncol","first-page":"570","article-title":"Post-radiation sarcomas. Clinical outcome of 52 Patients","volume":"105","author":"Mavrogenis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mavrogenis AFPala EGuerra GRuggieri P.Post-radiation sarcomas. Clinical outcome of 52 Patients. J Surg Oncol. 2012;105(6):570-576."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"World J Surg Oncol","first-page":"257","article-title":"Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Cai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cai ZTang XLiang HYang RYan TGuo W.Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):257."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib5","series-title":"Ann Surg Oncol","first-page":"878","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): the Mayo Clinic experience","volume":"19","author":"Stucky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stucky CCHJohnson KNGray RJMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): the Mayo Clinic experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(3):878-885."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurol Sci","first-page":"267","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina","volume":"22","author":"Acharya","year":"2001","unstructured":"Acharya RBhalla SSehgal AD.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina. Neurol Sci. 2001;22(3):267-270."},{"issue":"21","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E506","article-title":"Radiotherapy-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina","volume":"29","author":"Amin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Amin ASaifuddin AFlanagan APatterson DLehovsky J.Radiotherapy-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina. Spine. 2004;29(21):E506-E509."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib8","series-title":"Tex Med","first-page":"101","article-title":"Subarachnoid hemorrhage from malignant schwannoma of cauda equina","volume":"69","author":"Bernell","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bernell WRKepes JJClough CA.Subarachnoid hemorrhage from malignant schwannoma of cauda equina. Tex Med. 1973;69(10):101-104."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"118","article-title":"Giant lumbosacral nerve sheath tumors","volume":"37","author":"Bhatia","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bhatia SKhosla ADhir RBhatia RBanerji AK.Giant lumbosacral nerve sheath tumors. Surg Neurol. 1992;37(2):118-122."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"567","article-title":"Malignant triton tumors of the spine","volume":"8","author":"James","year":"2008","unstructured":"James GCrocker MKing ABodi IIbrahim AChitnavis BP.Malignant triton tumors of the spine. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;8(6):567-573."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"848","article-title":"Schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation: a unique variant of malignant triton tumor","volume":"27","author":"Kurtkaya-Yapicier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kurtkaya-Yapicier OScheithauer BWWoodruff JMWenger DDCooley AMDominique D.Schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation: a unique variant of malignant triton tumor. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27(6):848-853."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"719","article-title":"Radiation-induced intradural malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis","volume":"21","author":"Lau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lau DMoon DHPark PHervey-Jumper SMcKeever PEOrringer DA.Radiation-induced intradural malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis. 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J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18(6):844-846."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"2239","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with craniospinal metastasis","volume":"21","author":"Thomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas JGLincoln CGoodman JCGopinath SP.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with craniospinal metastasis. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21(12):2239-2242."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib16","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"409","article-title":"Neurofibrosarcoma of the cauda equina. Case report","volume":"54","author":"Thomeer","year":"1981","unstructured":"Thomeer RTBots GTvan Dulken HLuyendijk WHelle P.Neurofibrosarcoma of the cauda equina. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1981;54(3):409-411."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib17","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"967","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor manifesting as severe buttock pain","volume":"25","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsutsumi SIto MOgino IIzumi HArai HYasumoto Y.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor manifesting as severe buttock pain. Turk Neurosurg. 2015;25(6):967-970."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"e7","article-title":"Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with metastasis to the brain in a child: case report and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu QXing BHuang XWang RLi YYang Z.Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with metastasis to the brain in a child: case report and literature review. Spine J. 2012;12(4):e7-e13."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib19","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"199","article-title":"Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina in a child case report","volume":"42","author":"Yone","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yone KIjiri KHayashi KPrimary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina in a child case report. Spinal Cord. 2004;42(3):199-203."},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"961","article-title":"Radiation-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Yamanaka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yamanaka RHayano A.Radiation-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: a systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2017;105:961-970.e8."},{"key":"bib21","article-title":"Central Nervous System Tumours.","volume":"6","author":"WHO Classification of Tumours","unstructured":"WHO Classification of Tumours.Central Nervous System Tumours. Vol 6. 5th ed. IARC Publications; 2021."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib22","series-title":"Cell Stem Cell","first-page":"1397","article-title":"Stem-like cells drive NF1-associated MPNST functional heterogeneity and tumor progression","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun DXie XPZhang XStem-like cells drive NF1-associated MPNST functional heterogeneity and tumor progression. Cell Stem Cell. 2021;28(8):1397-1410.e4."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib23","series-title":"Genes Chromosomes Cancer","first-page":"1021","article-title":"Atypical neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1 are premalignant tumors","volume":"50","author":"Beert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beert EBrems HDani\u00ebls B. Atypical neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1 are premalignant tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. Atypi. 2011;50(12):1021-1032."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib24","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"877","article-title":"Methylation-based classification of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors","volume":"131","author":"R\u00f6hrich","year":"2016","unstructured":"R\u00f6hrich MKoelsche CSchrimpf DMethylation-based classification of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131(6):877-887."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib25","series-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med","article-title":"Role of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in transcriptional regulation and cancer","volume":"6","author":"Laugesen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laugesen AH\u00f8jfeldt JWHelin K.Role of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in transcriptional regulation and cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2016;6(9):a026575."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib26","series-title":"Mod Pathol","first-page":"4","article-title":"Loss of H3K27 trimethylation distinguishes malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors from histologic mimics","volume":"29","author":"Schaefer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schaefer IMFletcher CDHornick JL.Loss of H3K27 trimethylation distinguishes malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors from histologic mimics. Mod Pathol. 2016;29(1):4-13."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib27","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"1568","article-title":"MRI features in the differentiation of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and neurofibromas","volume":"194","author":"Wasa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wasa JNishida YTsukushi SMRI features in the differentiation of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and neurofibromas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;194(6):1568-1574."},{"key":"bib28","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"898971","article-title":"Image-based differentiation of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis Type 1","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu JHuang JNWang MHImage-based differentiation of benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis Type 1. Front Oncol. 2022;12:898971."},{"key":"bib29","series-title":"World J Surg Oncol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)\u2014clinicopathological study and treatment outcome of twenty-four cases","volume":"4","author":"Kar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kar MDeo SVSShukla NKMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)\u2014clinicopathological study and treatment outcome of twenty-four cases. World J Surg Oncol. 2006;4:55."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib30","series-title":"PLoS One","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of PET\/CT-guided percutaneous biopsies for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis Type 1 patients","volume":"10","author":"Brahmi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brahmi MThiesse PRanchere DDiagnostic accuracy of PET\/CT-guided percutaneous biopsies for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis Type 1 patients. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0138386."},{"key":"bib31","series-title":"Front Oncol","article-title":"Radiation therapy in management of sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors","volume":"4","author":"Kahn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kahn JGillespie ATsokos MRadiation therapy in management of sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Front Oncol. 2014;4:324."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib32","series-title":"Ann Oncol","first-page":"207","article-title":"First-line chemotherapy for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) versus other histological soft tissue sarcoma subtypes and as a prognostic factor for MPNST: an EORTC soft tissue and bone sarcoma group study","volume":"22","author":"Kroep","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kroep JROuali MGelderblom HFirst-line chemotherapy for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) versus other histological soft tissue sarcoma subtypes and as a prognostic factor for MPNST: an EORTC soft tissue and bone sarcoma group study. 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Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016;25(4):789-802."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib2","series-title":"PLoS One","article-title":"Impaired Pten expression in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours","volume":"7","author":"Bradtm\u00f6ller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bradtm\u00f6ller MHartmann CZietsch JImpaired Pten expression in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e47595."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Surg Oncol","first-page":"570","article-title":"Post-radiation sarcomas. Clinical outcome of 52 Patients","volume":"105","author":"Mavrogenis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mavrogenis AFPala EGuerra GRuggieri P.Post-radiation sarcomas. Clinical outcome of 52 Patients. J Surg Oncol. 2012;105(6):570-576."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"World J Surg Oncol","first-page":"257","article-title":"Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Cai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cai ZTang XLiang HYang RYan TGuo W.Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):257."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib5","series-title":"Ann Surg Oncol","first-page":"878","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): the Mayo Clinic experience","volume":"19","author":"Stucky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stucky CCHJohnson KNGray RJMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): the Mayo Clinic experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(3):878-885."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurol Sci","first-page":"267","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina","volume":"22","author":"Acharya","year":"2001","unstructured":"Acharya RBhalla SSehgal AD.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina. Neurol Sci. 2001;22(3):267-270."},{"issue":"21","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E506","article-title":"Radiotherapy-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina","volume":"29","author":"Amin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Amin ASaifuddin AFlanagan APatterson DLehovsky J.Radiotherapy-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina. Spine. 2004;29(21):E506-E509."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib8","series-title":"Tex Med","first-page":"101","article-title":"Subarachnoid hemorrhage from malignant schwannoma of cauda equina","volume":"69","author":"Bernell","year":"1973","unstructured":"Bernell WRKepes JJClough CA.Subarachnoid hemorrhage from malignant schwannoma of cauda equina. Tex Med. 1973;69(10):101-104."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"118","article-title":"Giant lumbosacral nerve sheath tumors","volume":"37","author":"Bhatia","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bhatia SKhosla ADhir RBhatia RBanerji AK.Giant lumbosacral nerve sheath tumors. Surg Neurol. 1992;37(2):118-122."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"567","article-title":"Malignant triton tumors of the spine","volume":"8","author":"James","year":"2008","unstructured":"James GCrocker MKing ABodi IIbrahim AChitnavis BP.Malignant triton tumors of the spine. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;8(6):567-573."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"848","article-title":"Schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation: a unique variant of malignant triton tumor","volume":"27","author":"Kurtkaya-Yapicier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kurtkaya-Yapicier OScheithauer BWWoodruff JMWenger DDCooley AMDominique D.Schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation: a unique variant of malignant triton tumor. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27(6):848-853."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"719","article-title":"Radiation-induced intradural malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis","volume":"21","author":"Lau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lau DMoon DHPark PHervey-Jumper SMcKeever PEOrringer DA.Radiation-induced intradural malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;21(5):719-726."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med","first-page":"436","article-title":"Giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with cauda equina syndrome and subarachnoid hemorrhage: complications in a case of type 1 neurofibromatosis","volume":"6","author":"Patil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patil TBSingh MKLalla R.Giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with cauda equina syndrome and subarachnoid hemorrhage: complications in a case of type 1 neurofibromatosis. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2015;6(2):436-439."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib14","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"844","article-title":"Metastatic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina","volume":"18","author":"Than","year":"2011","unstructured":"Than KDGhori AKWang ACPandey AS.Metastatic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina. 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J Neurosurg. 1981;54(3):409-411."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib17","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"967","article-title":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor manifesting as severe buttock pain","volume":"25","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsutsumi SIto MOgino IIzumi HArai HYasumoto Y.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor manifesting as severe buttock pain. Turk Neurosurg. 2015;25(6):967-970."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"e7","article-title":"Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with metastasis to the brain in a child: case report and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu QXing BHuang XWang RLi YYang Z.Primary malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cauda equina with metastasis to the brain in a child: case report and literature review. 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