{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T09:42:49Z","timestamp":1780652569968,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eagle syndrome with repeated transient disturbances of consciousness is uncommon, with only a few reported cases. Here, the authors report a rare case of Eagle syndrome with repeated transient disturbances of consciousness in a specific head position, diagnosed using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with head rotation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 74-year-old man experienced several episodes of transient disturbance of consciousness. When he stared downward toward the left, he experienced transient tremors in the right upper and lower limbs and a transient loss of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging failed to identify the cause. DSA performed with external head rotation and leftward flexion revealed a delay of blood flow distal to the cervical portion of the left internal carotid artery caused by compression from the left styloid process. A superficial temporal artery\u2013middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass was required in the right cerebral hemisphere. The styloid process was removed first, as the head needed leftward rotation during surgery. Transient disturbance of consciousness did not recur after surgery. Four months later, a right STA-MCA bypass was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights Eagle syndrome as a potential cause of repeated transient disturbances of consciousness. DSA with head rotation proved useful for the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24744\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE24744<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case24744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T01:50:12Z","timestamp":1739757012000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Eagle syndrome with repeated transient disturbances of consciousness diagnosed using digital subtraction angiography with head rotation: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6376-6980","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0901-4758","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mamoru","family":"Ogiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Egashira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"bib1","series-title":"Intern Med","first-page":"1067","article-title":"Eagle syndrome with internal carotid artery compression causing recurred syncope","volume":"62","author":"Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun JZhang CLiu BEagle syndrome with internal carotid artery compression causing recurred syncope. Intern Med. 2023;62(7):1067-1071."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol","first-page":"584","article-title":"Elongated styloid processes: report of two cases","volume":"25","author":"Eagle","year":"1937","unstructured":"Eagle WW.Elongated styloid processes: report of two cases. Arch Otolaryngol. 1937;25(5):584-587."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol (1925)","first-page":"630","article-title":"Elongated styloid processes: further observations and a new syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Eagle","year":"1948","unstructured":"Eagle WW.Elongated styloid processes: further observations and a new syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol (1925). 1948;47(5):630-640."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"143","article-title":"Reversible left hemispheric ischemia secondary to carotid compression in Eagle syndrome: surgical and CT angiographic correlation","volume":"28","author":"Chuang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chuang WCShort JHMcKinney AMAnker LKnoll BMcKinney ZJ.Reversible left hemispheric ischemia secondary to carotid compression in Eagle syndrome: surgical and CT angiographic correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007;28(1):143-145."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib5","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"219","article-title":"Eagle syndrome presenting with neurological symptoms","volume":"28","author":"Aydin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aydin EQuliyev HCinar CBozkaya HOran I.Eagle syndrome presenting with neurological symptoms. Turk Neurosurg. 2018;28(2):219-225."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib6","series-title":"Interv Neuroradiol","first-page":"433","article-title":"Eagle syndrome: a case report of stylocarotid syndrome with internal carotid artery dissection","volume":"23","author":"Smoot","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smoot TWTaha ATarlov NRiebe B.Eagle syndrome: a case report of stylocarotid syndrome with internal carotid artery dissection. Interv Neuroradiol. 2017;23(4):433-436."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","first-page":"1661","article-title":"Stylocarotid artery syndrome","volume":"60","author":"David","year":"2014","unstructured":"David JLieb MRahimi SA.Stylocarotid artery syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2014;60(6):1661-1663."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Pol J Radiol","first-page":"277","article-title":"Eagle syndrome causing vascular compression with cervical rotation: case report","volume":"81","author":"Demirta\u015f","year":"2016","unstructured":"Demirta\u015f HKayan MKoyuncuo\u011flu HR\u00c7elik AOKara M\u015eengeze N.Eagle syndrome causing vascular compression with cervical rotation: case report. Pol J Radiol. 2016;81:277-280."},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","first-page":"bcr2014206136","article-title":"Seizures with an atypical aetiology in an elderly patient: Eagle\u2019s syndrome\u2014how does one treat it?","volume":"2015","author":"Malik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malik YDar JAAlmadani AA.Seizures with an atypical aetiology in an elderly patient: Eagle\u2019s syndrome\u2014how does one treat it? BMJ Case Rep. 2015;2015:bcr2014206136."},{"issue":"26","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons","first-page":"CASE21286","article-title":"Eagle syndrome with hidden stylocarotid syndrome examined using dynamic ultrasonography: illustrative case","volume":"1","author":"Tanaka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tanaka YAnami HKurihara HEagle syndrome with hidden stylocarotid syndrome examined using dynamic ultrasonography: illustrative case. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021;1(26):CASE21286."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11","series-title":"J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech","first-page":"41","article-title":"The role of vascular laboratory in the management of Eagle syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Esiobu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Esiobu PCYoo MJKirkham EMZierler REStarnes BWSweet MP.The role of vascular laboratory in the management of Eagle syndrome. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech. 2018;4(1):41-44."},{"issue":"21","key":"bib12","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"2279","article-title":"Three-dimensional modeling of Eagle syndrome","volume":"87","author":"Shah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shah KMiller DJ.Three-dimensional modeling of Eagle syndrome. Neurology. 2016;87(21):2279-2280."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib1","series-title":"Intern Med","first-page":"1067","article-title":"Eagle syndrome with internal carotid artery compression causing recurred syncope","volume":"62","author":"Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun JZhang CLiu BEagle syndrome with internal carotid artery compression causing recurred syncope. Intern Med. 2023;62(7):1067-1071."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol","first-page":"584","article-title":"Elongated styloid processes: report of two cases","volume":"25","author":"Eagle","year":"1937","unstructured":"Eagle WW.Elongated styloid processes: report of two cases. Arch Otolaryngol. 1937;25(5):584-587."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib3","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol (1925)","first-page":"630","article-title":"Elongated styloid processes: further observations and a new syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Eagle","year":"1948","unstructured":"Eagle WW.Elongated styloid processes: further observations and a new syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol (1925). 1948;47(5):630-640."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"143","article-title":"Reversible left hemispheric ischemia secondary to carotid compression in Eagle syndrome: surgical and CT angiographic correlation","volume":"28","author":"Chuang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chuang WCShort JHMcKinney AMAnker LKnoll BMcKinney ZJ.Reversible left hemispheric ischemia secondary to carotid compression in Eagle syndrome: surgical and CT angiographic correlation. 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Interv Neuroradiol. 2017;23(4):433-436."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","first-page":"1661","article-title":"Stylocarotid artery syndrome","volume":"60","author":"David","year":"2014","unstructured":"David JLieb MRahimi SA.Stylocarotid artery syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 2014;60(6):1661-1663."},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Pol J Radiol","first-page":"277","article-title":"Eagle syndrome causing vascular compression with cervical rotation: case report","volume":"81","author":"Demirta\u015f","year":"2016","unstructured":"Demirta\u015f HKayan MKoyuncuo\u011flu HR\u00c7elik AOKara M\u015eengeze N.Eagle syndrome causing vascular compression with cervical rotation: case report. Pol J Radiol. 2016;81:277-280."},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","first-page":"bcr2014206136","article-title":"Seizures with an atypical aetiology in an elderly patient: Eagle\u2019s syndrome\u2014how does one treat it?","volume":"2015","author":"Malik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malik YDar JAAlmadani AA.Seizures with an atypical aetiology in an elderly patient: Eagle\u2019s syndrome\u2014how does one treat it? BMJ Case Rep. 2015;2015:bcr2014206136."},{"issue":"26","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons","first-page":"CASE21286","article-title":"Eagle syndrome with hidden stylocarotid syndrome examined using dynamic ultrasonography: illustrative case","volume":"1","author":"Tanaka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tanaka YAnami HKurihara HEagle syndrome with hidden stylocarotid syndrome examined using dynamic ultrasonography: illustrative case. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021;1(26):CASE21286."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11","series-title":"J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech","first-page":"41","article-title":"The role of vascular laboratory in the management of Eagle syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Esiobu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Esiobu PCYoo MJKirkham EMZierler REStarnes BWSweet MP.The role of vascular laboratory in the management of Eagle syndrome. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech. 2018;4(1):41-44."},{"issue":"21","key":"bib12","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"2279","article-title":"Three-dimensional modeling of Eagle syndrome","volume":"87","author":"Shah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shah KMiller DJ.Three-dimensional modeling of Eagle syndrome. 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