{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:31:09Z","timestamp":1782603069920,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal intradural hematoma (SIH) is a rare condition with potential for permanent neurological deficit. SIH can be managed conservatively with serial imaging or surgically with lumbar drainage or open evacuation. We present 3 SIH cases managed with multiple surgical techniques, including a novel lumbar drainage-and-advancement technique, and review the literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient 1 was a 35-year-old peripartum female with cauda equina syndrome after epidural analgesia. MRI revealed SIH at L4\u20135, necessitating urgent L3\u2013S1 laminectomy and hematoma evacuation. Patient 2 was a 47-year-old male with bilateral lower extremity radiculopathy following posterior decompression and fusion for an L5 compression fracture. MRI revealed SIH extending from T3\u2013L5. Focal decompression and lumbar drain placement with cranial advancement were performed for complete evacuation. Patient 3 was a 75-year-old male with urinary retention after restarting anticoagulation 4 days postlaminectomy for resection of a large synovial cyst at L4\u20135. MRI demonstrated a subdural collection suggestive of hygroma. A focal laminectomy with intrathecal decompression and a lumbar drain were used to completely evacuate the lesion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SIH management should be individualized. Focal decompression is effective for localized hematomas, while extensive, multilevel SIH may benefit from a lumbar drain with controlled cranial advancement, irrigation, and decompression.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25108\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25108<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T20:14:39Z","timestamp":1745871279000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Surgical management of spinal intradural hematomas: illustrative cases"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8220-7949","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rishishankar E.","family":"Suresh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"},{"name":"MUSC Institute of Neuroscience Discovery (MIND), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2994-2199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina"},{"name":"MUSC Institute of Neuroscience Discovery (MIND), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9635-7471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rahim Abo","family":"Kasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coulter","family":"Small","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Saway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunprasad","family":"Gunasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUSC Institute of Neuroscience Discovery (MIND), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil W.","family":"Nowicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving Medical Center, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stamford Health, Stamford, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cory C.","family":"Rosenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Stamford Health, Stamford, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Sefcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bib1","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients","volume":"26","author":"Kreppel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kreppel DAntoniadis GSeeling W.Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2003;26(1):1-49."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"123","article-title":"Traumatic lumbar spinal subdural hematoma","volume":"1","author":"Gordon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gordon WEKimball BYArthur AS.Traumatic lumbar spinal subdural hematoma. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2014;1(4):123-127."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib3","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"1998","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms","volume":"32","author":"Roy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roy DMilot GRaymond J.Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms. Stroke. 2001;32(9):1998-2004."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"244","article-title":"Spinal subdural hematoma with cauda equina syndrome: a complication of combined spinal epidural anesthesia","volume":"31","author":"Singhal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singhal NSethi PJain JKAgarwal S.Spinal subdural hematoma with cauda equina syndrome: a complication of combined spinal epidural anesthesia. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2015;31(2):244-245."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib5","series-title":"Clin Radiol","first-page":"475","article-title":"Spinal subdural haematoma: a study of three cases","volume":"56","author":"Boukobza","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boukobza MHaddar DBoissonet MMerland JJ.Spinal subdural haematoma: a study of three cases. Clin Radiol. 2001;56(6):475-480."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","first-page":"119","article-title":"MRI findings in spinal subdural and epidural hematomas","volume":"64","author":"Braun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Braun PKazmi KNogu\u00e9s-Mel\u00e9ndez PMas-Estell\u00e9s FAparici-Robles F.MRI findings in spinal subdural and epidural hematomas. Eur J Radiol. 2007;64(1):119-125."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord","first-page":"310","article-title":"Role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute spinal trauma: a pictorial review","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar YHayashi D.Role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute spinal trauma: a pictorial review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:310."},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"bib8","series-title":"Acta Biomed","first-page":"89","article-title":"Dynamic MRI in the evaluation of the spine: state of the art","volume":"89","author":"Michelini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Michelini GCorridore ATorlone SDynamic MRI in the evaluation of the spine: state of the art. Acta Biomed. 2018;89(suppl 1):89-101."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","first-page":"100","article-title":"An acute spinal intradural hematoma after an extraforaminal Wiltse approach: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"82","author":"Raymaekers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raymaekers VBeck TGoebel SAn acute spinal intradural hematoma after an extraforaminal Wiltse approach: a case report and review of the literature. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2021;82(1):100-104."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Emerg Med","first-page":"695","article-title":"Acute nontraumatic spinal intradural hematoma in a patient on warfarin","volume":"45","author":"Bruce-Brand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bruce-Brand RAColleran GCBroderick JMAcute nontraumatic spinal intradural hematoma in a patient on warfarin. J Emerg Med. 2013;45(5):695-697."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib11","series-title":"Yonsei Med J","first-page":"692","article-title":"Treatment of spontaneous cervical spinal subdural hematoma with methylprednisolone pulse therapy","volume":"52","author":"Song","year":"2011","unstructured":"Song TJLee JBChoi YCLee KYKim WJ.Treatment of spontaneous cervical spinal subdural hematoma with methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52(4):692-694."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib12","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1081","article-title":"Spontaneous chronic head and spinal subdural haematoma","volume":"149","author":"Morishige","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morishige MAbe TIshii KSpontaneous chronic head and spinal subdural haematoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2007;149(10):1081-1082."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib13","series-title":"Skelet Radiol","first-page":"603","article-title":"Percutaneous drainage of a postoperative intraspinal hematoma using a Tuohy needle","volume":"32","author":"Teo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Teo HELPeh WCGTan SB.Percutaneous drainage of a postoperative intraspinal hematoma using a Tuohy needle. Skelet Radiol. 2003;32(10):603-607."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib14","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"233","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of immediate postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar stenosis surgical decompression in the elderly: a proof-of-concept case","volume":"47","author":"Choucha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choucha ABeucler NLeroy HA.Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of immediate postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar stenosis surgical decompression in the elderly: a proof-of-concept case. Neurosurg Rev. 2024;47(1):233."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"67","article-title":"Multilevel postoperative cervical epidural hematoma: complete removal through catheter drainage of the unexposed blood collection","volume":"149","author":"Morace","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morace Rdi Russo PGorgoglione NMultilevel postoperative cervical epidural hematoma: complete removal through catheter drainage of the unexposed blood collection. World Neurosurg. 2021;149:67-72."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib16","series-title":"Korean J Neurotrauma","first-page":"182","article-title":"Spontaneous intracranial and spinal subdural hematoma: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim DGCho YSWang HSKim SW.Spontaneous intracranial and spinal subdural hematoma: a case report. Korean J Neurotrauma. 2019;15(2):182-186."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib17","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"178","article-title":"Concomitant intracranial and lumbar chronic subdural hematoma treated by fluoroscopic guided lumbar puncture: a case report and literature review","volume":"58","author":"Ichinose","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ichinose DTochigi STanaka TConcomitant intracranial and lumbar chronic subdural hematoma treated by fluoroscopic guided lumbar puncture: a case report and literature review. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2018;58(4):178-184."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib18","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","first-page":"198","article-title":"A new less invasive technique for multiple-level spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas: wash-and-go technique","volume":"78","author":"Tanriverdi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tanriverdi OGungor ACoban MKOkay OKamaci U.A new less invasive technique for multiple-level spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas: wash-and-go technique. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2017;78(2):198-201."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib19","series-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care","first-page":"777","article-title":"Successful treatment of traumatic spinal epidural haematoma with fluoroscopically-guided percutaneous drainage: a report of two cases","volume":"44","author":"Fujii","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fujii MTsubouchi NNishiyama KShime N.Successful treatment of traumatic spinal epidural haematoma with fluoroscopically-guided percutaneous drainage: a report of two cases. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016;44(6):777-780."},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"Am J Case Rep","first-page":"377","article-title":"Non-traumatic spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation during treatment with Rivaroxaban","volume":"16","author":"Castillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Castillo JMAfanador HFManjarrez EMorales XA.Non-traumatic spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation during treatment with Rivaroxaban. Am J Case Rep. 2015;16:377-381."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib21","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"73","article-title":"Traumatic subacute spinal subdural hematoma successfully treated with lumbar drainage: case report","volume":"22","author":"Cho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cho DCSung JK.Traumatic subacute spinal subdural hematoma successfully treated with lumbar drainage: case report. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(1):73-76."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib22","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"411","article-title":"Spinal subdural haematoma as a complication of cranial surgery","volume":"145","author":"Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee JIHong SC.Spinal subdural haematoma as a complication of cranial surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2003;145(5):411-415."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib23","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"654","article-title":"Traumatic spinal subdural hematoma: rapid resolution after repeated lumbar spinal puncture and drainage","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee JIHong SCShin HJEoh WByun HSKim JH.Traumatic spinal subdural hematoma: rapid resolution after repeated lumbar spinal puncture and drainage. J Trauma. 1996;40(4):654-655."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib24","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"780","article-title":"Spontaneous lumbar subdural hematoma","volume":"11","author":"Levy","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy JM.Spontaneous lumbar subdural hematoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1990;11(4):780-781."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib25","series-title":"Radiographics","first-page":"1516","article-title":"Spinal hematomas: what a radiologist needs to know","volume":"38","author":"Pierce","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pierce JLDonahue JHNacey NCSpinal hematomas: what a radiologist needs to know. Radiographics. 2018;38(5):1516-1535."},{"key":"bib26","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"44","article-title":"Holocordic spinal Sbdural hematoma: a challenging management in emergency: literature review","volume":"160","author":"Iaquinandi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iaquinandi ANovegno FDe Luna ASalvati M.Holocordic spinal Sbdural hematoma: a challenging management in emergency: literature review. World Neurosurg. 2022;160:44-49."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib27","series-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc","first-page":"268","article-title":"Spontaneous resolution of nontraumatic acute spinal subdural hematoma","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang NRKim SJCho YJCho DS.Spontaneous resolution of nontraumatic acute spinal subdural hematoma. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2011;50(3):268-270."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib28","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"4845","article-title":"Spinal intradural hematoma after spinal anesthesia in a young male patient: case report and review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Ji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ji JYAhn JMChung JHSpinal intradural hematoma after spinal anesthesia in a young male patient: case report and review of the literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(8):4845."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib29","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"1454","article-title":"Spinal subdural hematoma: a report of 3 cases related to antiplatelet agent use and traumatic compression fracture","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim BMChang MYLee SHHa JW.Spinal subdural hematoma: a report of 3 cases related to antiplatelet agent use and traumatic compression fracture. Radiol Case Rep. 2021;16(6):1454-1458."},{"key":"bib30","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"23","article-title":"A case of acute spinal subdural hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage: rapid spontaneous remission, relapse, and complete resolution","volume":"8","author":"Namekawa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Namekawa MKondo S-i.A case of acute spinal subdural hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage: rapid spontaneous remission, relapse, and complete resolution. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2017;8:23-25."},{"key":"bib31","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"44","article-title":"Delayed development of spinal subdural hematoma following cranial trauma: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"141","author":"Hsieh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hsieh JKColby SNichols DKondylis ELiu JKC.Delayed development of spinal subdural hematoma following cranial trauma: a case report and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2020;141:44-51."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"239","article-title":"Traumatic subdural hematoma of the thoraco-lumbar junction of spinal cord","volume":"20","author":"Greiner-Perth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Greiner-Perth RMohsen Allam YSilbermann JGahr R.Traumatic subdural hematoma of the thoraco-lumbar junction of spinal cord. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2007;20(3):239-241."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib33","series-title":"Am J Crit Care","first-page":"191","article-title":"Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma: case study","volume":"19","author":"Dampeer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dampeer RA.Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma: case study. Am J Crit Care. 2010;19(2):191-193."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib34","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"590","article-title":"Paraplegia due to spinal subdural hematoma as a complication of posterior fossa surgery: case report and review of the literature","volume":"108","author":"Hicdonmez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hicdonmez TKilincer CHamamcioglu MKCobanoglu S.Paraplegia due to spinal subdural hematoma as a complication of posterior fossa surgery: case report and review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006;108(6):590-594."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib1","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients","volume":"26","author":"Kreppel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kreppel DAntoniadis GSeeling W.Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2003;26(1):1-49."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"123","article-title":"Traumatic lumbar spinal subdural hematoma","volume":"1","author":"Gordon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gordon WEKimball BYArthur AS.Traumatic lumbar spinal subdural hematoma. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2014;1(4):123-127."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib3","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"1998","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms","volume":"32","author":"Roy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roy DMilot GRaymond J.Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms. Stroke. 2001;32(9):1998-2004."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"244","article-title":"Spinal subdural hematoma with cauda equina syndrome: a complication of combined spinal epidural anesthesia","volume":"31","author":"Singhal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singhal NSethi PJain JKAgarwal S.Spinal subdural hematoma with cauda equina syndrome: a complication of combined spinal epidural anesthesia. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2015;31(2):244-245."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib5","series-title":"Clin Radiol","first-page":"475","article-title":"Spinal subdural haematoma: a study of three cases","volume":"56","author":"Boukobza","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boukobza MHaddar DBoissonet MMerland JJ.Spinal subdural haematoma: a study of three cases. Clin Radiol. 2001;56(6):475-480."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","first-page":"119","article-title":"MRI findings in spinal subdural and epidural hematomas","volume":"64","author":"Braun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Braun PKazmi KNogu\u00e9s-Mel\u00e9ndez PMas-Estell\u00e9s FAparici-Robles F.MRI findings in spinal subdural and epidural hematomas. Eur J Radiol. 2007;64(1):119-125."},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord","first-page":"310","article-title":"Role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute spinal trauma: a pictorial review","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar YHayashi D.Role of magnetic resonance imaging in acute spinal trauma: a pictorial review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:310."},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"bib8","series-title":"Acta Biomed","first-page":"89","article-title":"Dynamic MRI in the evaluation of the spine: state of the art","volume":"89","author":"Michelini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Michelini GCorridore ATorlone SDynamic MRI in the evaluation of the spine: state of the art. Acta Biomed. 2018;89(suppl 1):89-101."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","first-page":"100","article-title":"An acute spinal intradural hematoma after an extraforaminal Wiltse approach: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"82","author":"Raymaekers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raymaekers VBeck TGoebel SAn acute spinal intradural hematoma after an extraforaminal Wiltse approach: a case report and review of the literature. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2021;82(1):100-104."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib10","series-title":"J Emerg Med","first-page":"695","article-title":"Acute nontraumatic spinal intradural hematoma in a patient on warfarin","volume":"45","author":"Bruce-Brand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bruce-Brand RAColleran GCBroderick JMAcute nontraumatic spinal intradural hematoma in a patient on warfarin. J Emerg Med. 2013;45(5):695-697."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib11","series-title":"Yonsei Med J","first-page":"692","article-title":"Treatment of spontaneous cervical spinal subdural hematoma with methylprednisolone pulse therapy","volume":"52","author":"Song","year":"2011","unstructured":"Song TJLee JBChoi YCLee KYKim WJ.Treatment of spontaneous cervical spinal subdural hematoma with methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52(4):692-694."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib12","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1081","article-title":"Spontaneous chronic head and spinal subdural haematoma","volume":"149","author":"Morishige","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morishige MAbe TIshii KSpontaneous chronic head and spinal subdural haematoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2007;149(10):1081-1082."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib13","series-title":"Skelet Radiol","first-page":"603","article-title":"Percutaneous drainage of a postoperative intraspinal hematoma using a Tuohy needle","volume":"32","author":"Teo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Teo HELPeh WCGTan SB.Percutaneous drainage of a postoperative intraspinal hematoma using a Tuohy needle. Skelet Radiol. 2003;32(10):603-607."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib14","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"233","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of immediate postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar stenosis surgical decompression in the elderly: a proof-of-concept case","volume":"47","author":"Choucha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choucha ABeucler NLeroy HA.Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of immediate postoperative symptomatic spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar stenosis surgical decompression in the elderly: a proof-of-concept case. Neurosurg Rev. 2024;47(1):233."},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"67","article-title":"Multilevel postoperative cervical epidural hematoma: complete removal through catheter drainage of the unexposed blood collection","volume":"149","author":"Morace","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morace Rdi Russo PGorgoglione NMultilevel postoperative cervical epidural hematoma: complete removal through catheter drainage of the unexposed blood collection. World Neurosurg. 2021;149:67-72."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib16","series-title":"Korean J Neurotrauma","first-page":"182","article-title":"Spontaneous intracranial and spinal subdural hematoma: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim DGCho YSWang HSKim SW.Spontaneous intracranial and spinal subdural hematoma: a case report. Korean J Neurotrauma. 2019;15(2):182-186."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib17","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"178","article-title":"Concomitant intracranial and lumbar chronic subdural hematoma treated by fluoroscopic guided lumbar puncture: a case report and literature review","volume":"58","author":"Ichinose","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ichinose DTochigi STanaka TConcomitant intracranial and lumbar chronic subdural hematoma treated by fluoroscopic guided lumbar puncture: a case report and literature review. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2018;58(4):178-184."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib18","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","first-page":"198","article-title":"A new less invasive technique for multiple-level spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas: wash-and-go technique","volume":"78","author":"Tanriverdi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tanriverdi OGungor ACoban MKOkay OKamaci U.A new less invasive technique for multiple-level spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas: wash-and-go technique. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2017;78(2):198-201."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib19","series-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care","first-page":"777","article-title":"Successful treatment of traumatic spinal epidural haematoma with fluoroscopically-guided percutaneous drainage: a report of two cases","volume":"44","author":"Fujii","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fujii MTsubouchi NNishiyama KShime N.Successful treatment of traumatic spinal epidural haematoma with fluoroscopically-guided percutaneous drainage: a report of two cases. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016;44(6):777-780."},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"Am J Case Rep","first-page":"377","article-title":"Non-traumatic spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation during treatment with Rivaroxaban","volume":"16","author":"Castillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Castillo JMAfanador HFManjarrez EMorales XA.Non-traumatic spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma in a patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation during treatment with Rivaroxaban. Am J Case Rep. 2015;16:377-381."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib21","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"73","article-title":"Traumatic subacute spinal subdural hematoma successfully treated with lumbar drainage: case report","volume":"22","author":"Cho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cho DCSung JK.Traumatic subacute spinal subdural hematoma successfully treated with lumbar drainage: case report. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(1):73-76."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib22","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"411","article-title":"Spinal subdural haematoma as a complication of cranial surgery","volume":"145","author":"Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee JIHong SC.Spinal subdural haematoma as a complication of cranial surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2003;145(5):411-415."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib23","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"654","article-title":"Traumatic spinal subdural hematoma: rapid resolution after repeated lumbar spinal puncture and drainage","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee JIHong SCShin HJEoh WByun HSKim JH.Traumatic spinal subdural hematoma: rapid resolution after repeated lumbar spinal puncture and drainage. J Trauma. 1996;40(4):654-655."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib24","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"780","article-title":"Spontaneous lumbar subdural hematoma","volume":"11","author":"Levy","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy JM.Spontaneous lumbar subdural hematoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1990;11(4):780-781."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib25","series-title":"Radiographics","first-page":"1516","article-title":"Spinal hematomas: what a radiologist needs to know","volume":"38","author":"Pierce","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pierce JLDonahue JHNacey NCSpinal hematomas: what a radiologist needs to know. Radiographics. 2018;38(5):1516-1535."},{"key":"bib26","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"44","article-title":"Holocordic spinal Sbdural hematoma: a challenging management in emergency: literature review","volume":"160","author":"Iaquinandi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iaquinandi ANovegno FDe Luna ASalvati M.Holocordic spinal Sbdural hematoma: a challenging management in emergency: literature review. World Neurosurg. 2022;160:44-49."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib27","series-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc","first-page":"268","article-title":"Spontaneous resolution of nontraumatic acute spinal subdural hematoma","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang NRKim SJCho YJCho DS.Spontaneous resolution of nontraumatic acute spinal subdural hematoma. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2011;50(3):268-270."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib28","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"4845","article-title":"Spinal intradural hematoma after spinal anesthesia in a young male patient: case report and review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Ji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ji JYAhn JMChung JHSpinal intradural hematoma after spinal anesthesia in a young male patient: case report and review of the literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(8):4845."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib29","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"1454","article-title":"Spinal subdural hematoma: a report of 3 cases related to antiplatelet agent use and traumatic compression fracture","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim BMChang MYLee SHHa JW.Spinal subdural hematoma: a report of 3 cases related to antiplatelet agent use and traumatic compression fracture. Radiol Case Rep. 2021;16(6):1454-1458."},{"key":"bib30","series-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg","first-page":"23","article-title":"A case of acute spinal subdural hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage: rapid spontaneous remission, relapse, and complete resolution","volume":"8","author":"Namekawa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Namekawa MKondo S-i.A case of acute spinal subdural hematoma with subarachnoid hemorrhage: rapid spontaneous remission, relapse, and complete resolution. Interdiscip Neurosurg. 2017;8:23-25."},{"key":"bib31","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"44","article-title":"Delayed development of spinal subdural hematoma following cranial trauma: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"141","author":"Hsieh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hsieh JKColby SNichols DKondylis ELiu JKC.Delayed development of spinal subdural hematoma following cranial trauma: a case report and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2020;141:44-51."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib32","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"239","article-title":"Traumatic subdural hematoma of the thoraco-lumbar junction of spinal cord","volume":"20","author":"Greiner-Perth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Greiner-Perth RMohsen Allam YSilbermann JGahr R.Traumatic subdural hematoma of the thoraco-lumbar junction of spinal cord. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2007;20(3):239-241."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib33","series-title":"Am J Crit Care","first-page":"191","article-title":"Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma: case study","volume":"19","author":"Dampeer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dampeer RA.Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma: case study. Am J Crit Care. 2010;19(2):191-193."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib34","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"590","article-title":"Paraplegia due to spinal subdural hematoma as a complication of posterior fossa surgery: case report and review of the literature","volume":"108","author":"Hicdonmez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hicdonmez TKilincer CHamamcioglu MKCobanoglu S.Paraplegia due to spinal subdural hematoma as a complication of posterior fossa surgery: case report and review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006;108(6):590-594."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/9\/17\/article-CASE25108.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/9\/17\/article-CASE25108.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/9\/17\/article-CASE25108.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T23:38:19Z","timestamp":1770075499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/9\/17\/article-CASE25108.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case25108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]}}}