{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T09:22:41Z","timestamp":1770110561135,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are known as congenital vascular disorders. However, ruptured AVMs in neonates are extremely rare. A hypothesis suggests that micro-AVM or de novo AVMs enlarge during childhood, eventually acquiring the pathological features of adult AVMs. The authors describe a case of a pediatric AVM diagnosed 11 years after neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 16-day-old neonate presented with sudden vomiting and convulsions. CT revealed a left thalamic hemorrhage extending into the left lateral ventricle. MRI showed no bleeding sources, including AVMs. By the age of 3 years, the patient developed West syndrome and was administered multiple antiseizure medication. At 5 years of age, the patient experienced convulsive status epilepticus, primarily on the right side of his body. A focal impaired awareness seizure due to the previous hemorrhage was considered. The patient remained seizure free until 11 years of age, when generalized seizures developed. MRI revealed a left thalamic AVM classified as Spetzler-Martin grade IV. The patient has been scheduled to undergo stereotactic radiosurgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric AVMs can undergo dynamic changes, including enlargement and de novo formation, acquiring the pathological features of adult AVMs. AVMs should be considered as a potential source of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, necessitating long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25124\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25124<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T20:14:45Z","timestamp":1746476085000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric cerebral arteriovenous malformation diagnosed 11 years after neonatal thalamic hemorrhage: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6935-4230","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8852-0208","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takuma","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Ooigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahito","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University, Moro, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1216-8695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bib1","series-title":"Jpn J Stroke","first-page":"135","article-title":"Bursting AVM in infancy: a case report","volume":"33","author":"Nitta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nitta YKurita HMiyazaki HShiokawa Y.Bursting AVM in infancy: a case report. 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World Neurosurg. 2020;134:e799-e807."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib26","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"393","article-title":"Spontaneous appearance of de novo intracranial arteriovenous malformation in hepatic cirrhosis","volume":"65","author":"Gondar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gondar REl Rahal AKulcs\u00e1r ZSchaller KMomjian S.Spontaneous appearance of de novo intracranial arteriovenous malformation in hepatic cirrhosis. Neurochirurgie. 2019;65(6):393-396."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib27","series-title":"Neuroradiol J","first-page":"224","article-title":"Review of de novo cerebral arteriovenous malformation: haemorrhage risk, treatment approaches and outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Lv","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lv XWang G.Review of de novo cerebral arteriovenous malformation: haemorrhage risk, treatment approaches and outcomes. 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