{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T22:28:02Z","timestamp":1769725682201,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752451200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurological deficits are a concern following spine surgeries. Determining the etiology is critical as this dictates management options. The authors present the case of a transient bilateral femoral neuropathy following prone positioning for a revision spinal fusion with osteotomies that improved with conservative management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 69-year-old male with a prior L2\u2013S1 posterior fusion presented with back pain, and imaging showed pseudarthrosis and hardware failure. He underwent a first-stage L2\u20134 lateral interbody fusion, and 1 week later a revision T10\u2013pelvis posterior spinal instrumented fusion and bilateral posterior column osteotomies at L1\u20132 and L2\u20133. Postoperatively, he had 0\/5 power in his bilateral quadriceps muscles with patchy sensory loss in the medial thigh and knees without pain. Imaging did not reveal any compressive cause. The most likely etiology was a peripheral neuropathy of the femoral nerve at or below the level of the inguinal ligament, which was managed conservatively with subsequent improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A careful neurological examination and imaging review can determine a peripheral nerve injury that is expected to resolve with conservative management compared with a postsurgical nerve root injury or hematoma that would benefit from immediate surgical exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25239\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25239<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T06:25:44Z","timestamp":1752474344000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transient postoperative femoral neuropathy following prone positioning for posterior spine surgery: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Dalle Ore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8076-3937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexa","family":"Semonche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ninad","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8891-1893","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Panza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evoked Potential, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5903-5507","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nina I.","family":"Garga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doris D.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"S37","article-title":"The evidence for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spine surgery: does it make a difference?","volume":"35","author":"Fehlings","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fehlings MGBrodke DSNorvell DCDettori JR.The evidence for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spine surgery: does it make a difference? Spine. 2010;35(9)(suppl):S37-S46."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"The design, development, and implementation of a checklist for intraoperative neuromonitoring changes","volume":"33","author":"Ziewacz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ziewacz JEBerven SHMummaneni VPThe design, development, and implementation of a checklist for intraoperative neuromonitoring changes. Neurosurg Focus. 2012;33(5):E11."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib3","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E131","article-title":"Delayed postoperative neurologic deficits in spinal deformity surgery","volume":"41","author":"Auerbach","year":"2016","unstructured":"Auerbach JDKean KMilby AHDelayed postoperative neurologic deficits in spinal deformity surgery. Spine. 2016;41(3):E131-E138."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"112","article-title":"The comprehensive anatomical spinal osteotomy classification","volume":"74","author":"Schwab","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schwab FBlondel BChay EThe comprehensive anatomical spinal osteotomy classification. Neurosurgery. 2014;74(1):112-120."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib5","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"770","article-title":"Patient positioning in spine surgery: what spine surgeons should know?","volume":"17","author":"Garg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garg BBansal TMehta NSharan AD.Patient positioning in spine surgery: what spine surgeons should know? Asian Spine J. 2023;17(4):770-781."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"64","article-title":"Meralgia paraesthetica following lumbar spine surgery: a study in 110 consecutive surgically treated cases","volume":"52","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gupta AMuzumdar DRamani PS.Meralgia paraesthetica following lumbar spine surgery: a study in 110 consecutive surgically treated cases. Neurol India. 2004;52(1):64-66."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Injuries to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve during spine surgery","volume":"25","author":"Mirovsky","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mirovsky YNeuwirth M.Injuries to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve during spine surgery. Spine. 2000;25(10):1266-1269."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib8","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E547","article-title":"Postoperative meralgia paresthetica after posterior spine surgery: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yang SHWu CCChen PQ.Postoperative meralgia paresthetica after posterior spine surgery: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes. Spine. 2005;30(18):E547-E550."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"432","article-title":"Vulnerability of the femoral nerve during complex anterior and posterior spinal surgery","volume":"32","author":"Naroji","year":"2009","unstructured":"Naroji SBelin LJMaltenfort MGVulnerability of the femoral nerve during complex anterior and posterior spinal surgery. J Spinal Cord Med. 2009;32(4):432-435."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib10","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","first-page":"649","article-title":"Iatrogenic femoral nerve injury: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moore AEStringer MD.Iatrogenic femoral nerve injury: a systematic review. Surg Radiol Anat. 2011;33(8):649-658."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"504","article-title":"Lower extremity iatrogenic nerve injury due to compression during intraabdominal surgery","volume":"173","author":"Dillavou","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dillavou EDAnderson LRBernert RALower extremity iatrogenic nerve injury due to compression during intraabdominal surgery. Am J Surg. 1997;173(6):504-508."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery","volume":"186","author":"Chan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chan JKManetta A.Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(1):1-7."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib13","series-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol","first-page":"385","article-title":"Femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. A comparative study","volume":"20","author":"Goldman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Goldman JAFeldberg DDicker DSamuel NDekel A.Femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. A comparative study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1985;20(6):385-392."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib14","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"531.e1","article-title":"Pelvic nerve injury following gynecologic surgery: a prospective cohort study","volume":"201","author":"Bohrer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bohrer JCWalters MDPark APolston DBarber MD.Pelvic nerve injury following gynecologic surgery: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(5):531.e1-531.e7."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"149","article-title":"Contralateral femoral nerve compression: an unrecognized complication after extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF)","volume":"18","author":"Papanastassiou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Papanastassiou IDEleraky MVrionis FD.Contralateral femoral nerve compression: an unrecognized complication after extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF). J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18(1):149-151."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib16","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E135","article-title":"Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robinson DEBall KEWebb PJ.Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression. Spine. 2001;26(6):E135-E138."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib17","series-title":"Spine Deform","first-page":"627","article-title":"Prone position\u2013induced quadriceps transcranial motor evoked potentials signal loss\u2014a case report","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li XJLenke LGThuet ETan LATuchman A.Prone position\u2013induced quadriceps transcranial motor evoked potentials signal loss\u2014a case report. Spine Deform. 2018;6(5):627-630."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","first-page":"555","article-title":"Posterior-based osteotomies for deformity correction","volume":"34","author":"Joiner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Joiner EFMummaneni PVShaffrey CIChan AK.Posterior-based osteotomies for deformity correction. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2023;34(4):555-566."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib19","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1479","article-title":"Blood loss during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"39","author":"Koerner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koerner JDPatel AZhao CBlood loss during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2014;39(18):1479-1487."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib20","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E175","article-title":"Ponte osteotomies increase the risk of neuromonitoring alerts in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery","volume":"44","author":"Buckland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buckland AJMoon JYBetz RRPonte osteotomies increase the risk of neuromonitoring alerts in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery. Spine. 2019;44(3):E175-E180."},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"133","article-title":"A role for motor and somatosensory evoked potentials during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for patients without myelopathy: analysis of 57 consecutive cases","volume":"2","author":"Xu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xu RRitzl EKSait MA role for motor and somatosensory evoked potentials during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for patients without myelopathy: analysis of 57 consecutive cases. Surg Neurol Int. 2011;2:133."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib22","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD001046","article-title":"Steroids for acute spinal cord injury","volume":"1","author":"Bracken","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bracken MB.Steroids for acute spinal cord injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;1(1):CD001046."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23","series-title":"Heliyon","first-page":"e03414","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of steroid treatment for acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Sultan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sultan ILamba NLiew AThe safety and efficacy of steroid treatment for acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2020;6(2):e03414."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib24","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"e841","article-title":"High-dose methylprednisolone for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu ZYang YHe LHigh-dose methylprednisolone for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis. Neurology. 2019;93(9):e841-e850."},{"issue":"19","key":"bib25","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1915","article-title":"Oral steroids for acute radiculopathy due to a herniated lumbar disk: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Goldberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goldberg HFirtch WTyburski MOral steroids for acute radiculopathy due to a herniated lumbar disk: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015;313(19):1915-1923."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib26","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"S58","article-title":"Blood pressure management after acute spinal cord injury","volume":"50","author":"Hadley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hadley MNWalters BCGrabb PABlood pressure management after acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery. 2002;50(3)(suppl):S58-S62."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib27","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"5","article-title":"Intraoperative positioning nerve injuries","volume":"63","author":"Winfree","year":"2005","unstructured":"Winfree CJKline DG.Intraoperative positioning nerve injuries. Surg Neurol. 2005;63(1):5-18."},{"key":"bib28","series-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj","first-page":"1","article-title":"Acute nerve compression and the compound muscle action potential","volume":"3","author":"Stecker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stecker MMBaylor KChan YM.Acute nerve compression and the compound muscle action potential. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj. 2008;3:1."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib29","series-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj","first-page":"4","article-title":"Acute nerve stretch and the compound motor action potential","volume":"6","author":"Stecker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stecker MMBaylor KWolfe JStevenson M.Acute nerve stretch and the compound motor action potential. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj. 2011;6(1):4."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib30","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"S554","article-title":"Anterior thigh compartment syndrome after prone positioning for lumbosacral fixation","volume":"21","author":"Dahab","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dahab RBarrett CPillay RDe Matas M.Anterior thigh compartment syndrome after prone positioning for lumbosacral fixation. Eur Spine J. 2012;21(4)(suppl 4):S554-S556."},{"issue":"11","key":"bib31","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1457","article-title":"Femoral artery ischemia during spinal scoliosis surgery detected by posterior tibial nerve somatosensory-evoked potential monitoring","volume":"25","author":"Vossler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vossler DGStonecipher TMillen MD.Femoral artery ischemia during spinal scoliosis surgery detected by posterior tibial nerve somatosensory-evoked potential monitoring. Spine. 2000;25(11):1457-1459."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib1","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"S37","article-title":"The evidence for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spine surgery: does it make a difference?","volume":"35","author":"Fehlings","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fehlings MGBrodke DSNorvell DCDettori JR.The evidence for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spine surgery: does it make a difference? Spine. 2010;35(9)(suppl):S37-S46."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib2","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"The design, development, and implementation of a checklist for intraoperative neuromonitoring changes","volume":"33","author":"Ziewacz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ziewacz JEBerven SHMummaneni VPThe design, development, and implementation of a checklist for intraoperative neuromonitoring changes. Neurosurg Focus. 2012;33(5):E11."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib3","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E131","article-title":"Delayed postoperative neurologic deficits in spinal deformity surgery","volume":"41","author":"Auerbach","year":"2016","unstructured":"Auerbach JDKean KMilby AHDelayed postoperative neurologic deficits in spinal deformity surgery. Spine. 2016;41(3):E131-E138."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib4","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"112","article-title":"The comprehensive anatomical spinal osteotomy classification","volume":"74","author":"Schwab","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schwab FBlondel BChay EThe comprehensive anatomical spinal osteotomy classification. Neurosurgery. 2014;74(1):112-120."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib5","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"770","article-title":"Patient positioning in spine surgery: what spine surgeons should know?","volume":"17","author":"Garg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garg BBansal TMehta NSharan AD.Patient positioning in spine surgery: what spine surgeons should know? Asian Spine J. 2023;17(4):770-781."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"64","article-title":"Meralgia paraesthetica following lumbar spine surgery: a study in 110 consecutive surgically treated cases","volume":"52","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gupta AMuzumdar DRamani PS.Meralgia paraesthetica following lumbar spine surgery: a study in 110 consecutive surgically treated cases. Neurol India. 2004;52(1):64-66."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Injuries to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve during spine surgery","volume":"25","author":"Mirovsky","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mirovsky YNeuwirth M.Injuries to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve during spine surgery. Spine. 2000;25(10):1266-1269."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib8","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E547","article-title":"Postoperative meralgia paresthetica after posterior spine surgery: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yang SHWu CCChen PQ.Postoperative meralgia paresthetica after posterior spine surgery: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes. Spine. 2005;30(18):E547-E550."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","first-page":"432","article-title":"Vulnerability of the femoral nerve during complex anterior and posterior spinal surgery","volume":"32","author":"Naroji","year":"2009","unstructured":"Naroji SBelin LJMaltenfort MGVulnerability of the femoral nerve during complex anterior and posterior spinal surgery. J Spinal Cord Med. 2009;32(4):432-435."},{"issue":"8","key":"bib10","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","first-page":"649","article-title":"Iatrogenic femoral nerve injury: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Moore","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moore AEStringer MD.Iatrogenic femoral nerve injury: a systematic review. Surg Radiol Anat. 2011;33(8):649-658."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib11","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"504","article-title":"Lower extremity iatrogenic nerve injury due to compression during intraabdominal surgery","volume":"173","author":"Dillavou","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dillavou EDAnderson LRBernert RALower extremity iatrogenic nerve injury due to compression during intraabdominal surgery. Am J Surg. 1997;173(6):504-508."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib12","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery","volume":"186","author":"Chan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chan JKManetta A.Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(1):1-7."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib13","series-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol","first-page":"385","article-title":"Femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. A comparative study","volume":"20","author":"Goldman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Goldman JAFeldberg DDicker DSamuel NDekel A.Femoral neuropathy subsequent to abdominal hysterectomy. A comparative study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1985;20(6):385-392."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib14","series-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol","first-page":"531.e1","article-title":"Pelvic nerve injury following gynecologic surgery: a prospective cohort study","volume":"201","author":"Bohrer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bohrer JCWalters MDPark APolston DBarber MD.Pelvic nerve injury following gynecologic surgery: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(5):531.e1-531.e7."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"149","article-title":"Contralateral femoral nerve compression: an unrecognized complication after extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF)","volume":"18","author":"Papanastassiou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Papanastassiou IDEleraky MVrionis FD.Contralateral femoral nerve compression: an unrecognized complication after extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF). J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18(1):149-151."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib16","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E135","article-title":"Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robinson DEBall KEWebb PJ.Iliopsoas hematoma with femoral neuropathy presenting a diagnostic dilemma after spinal decompression. Spine. 2001;26(6):E135-E138."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib17","series-title":"Spine Deform","first-page":"627","article-title":"Prone position\u2013induced quadriceps transcranial motor evoked potentials signal loss\u2014a case report","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li XJLenke LGThuet ETan LATuchman A.Prone position\u2013induced quadriceps transcranial motor evoked potentials signal loss\u2014a case report. Spine Deform. 2018;6(5):627-630."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib18","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","first-page":"555","article-title":"Posterior-based osteotomies for deformity correction","volume":"34","author":"Joiner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Joiner EFMummaneni PVShaffrey CIChan AK.Posterior-based osteotomies for deformity correction. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2023;34(4):555-566."},{"issue":"18","key":"bib19","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"1479","article-title":"Blood loss during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"39","author":"Koerner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koerner JDPatel AZhao CBlood loss during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2014;39(18):1479-1487."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib20","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"E175","article-title":"Ponte osteotomies increase the risk of neuromonitoring alerts in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery","volume":"44","author":"Buckland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buckland AJMoon JYBetz RRPonte osteotomies increase the risk of neuromonitoring alerts in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery. Spine. 2019;44(3):E175-E180."},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"133","article-title":"A role for motor and somatosensory evoked potentials during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for patients without myelopathy: analysis of 57 consecutive cases","volume":"2","author":"Xu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xu RRitzl EKSait MA role for motor and somatosensory evoked potentials during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for patients without myelopathy: analysis of 57 consecutive cases. Surg Neurol Int. 2011;2:133."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib22","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD001046","article-title":"Steroids for acute spinal cord injury","volume":"1","author":"Bracken","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bracken MB.Steroids for acute spinal cord injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;1(1):CD001046."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib23","series-title":"Heliyon","first-page":"e03414","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of steroid treatment for acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Sultan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sultan ILamba NLiew AThe safety and efficacy of steroid treatment for acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2020;6(2):e03414."},{"issue":"9","key":"bib24","series-title":"Neurology","first-page":"e841","article-title":"High-dose methylprednisolone for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu ZYang YHe LHigh-dose methylprednisolone for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis. Neurology. 2019;93(9):e841-e850."},{"issue":"19","key":"bib25","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1915","article-title":"Oral steroids for acute radiculopathy due to a herniated lumbar disk: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Goldberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goldberg HFirtch WTyburski MOral steroids for acute radiculopathy due to a herniated lumbar disk: a randomized clinical trial. 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