{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:51:47Z","timestamp":1780419107513,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intramedullary spinal cord melanocytic neoplasm (IMSCMN) with hemorrhagic features is rare, and it is even rarer in children. The authors present a pediatric case of an IMSCMN involving the thoracic segment of the spinal cord.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 11-year-old previously healthy girl experienced intermittent low back pain for 5 months, followed by left foot drop, limb weakness, and abnormal gait. MRI revealed an intramedullary hemorrhagic spinal cord lesion at T9\u201311, with a long syrinx and cord edema. An MRI study of the brain and the remaining spinal cord was unremarkable. The patient underwent laminectomy and near-total resection of the tumor. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of an atypical melanocytic neoplasm. Dermatological; ear, nose, and throat; and ophthalmological assessments, as well as a positron emission tomography study, were conducted to identify other neoplasms, which yielded unremarkable findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of IMSCMN in children because of its rarity and nonspecific imaging features. IMSCMN should be considered in pediatric hemorrhagic spinal cord lesions with MRI findings of T1 hyperintensity, T2 hypointensity, and an associated syrinx.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25279\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25279<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T23:49:17Z","timestamp":1756770557000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Atypical intramedullary spinal cord melanocytic neoplasm with hemorrhagic features in a child: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Emad M.","family":"Babateen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad B.","family":"AlBadr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amro","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Almotairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amro","family":"Al-Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"bib1","series-title":"Cureus","article-title":"Primary intramedullary spinal melanoma: a rare disease of the spinal cord","volume":"13","author":"Tuz Zahra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tuz Zahra FAjmal ZQian JWrzesinski S.Primary intramedullary spinal melanoma: a rare disease of the spinal cord. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16194."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"512","article-title":"An uncommon intramedullary tumor: primary spinal cord melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Cetinalp","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cetinalp NEYildirim AEDivanlioglu DBelen D.An uncommon intramedullary tumor: primary spinal cord melanoma. Asian Spine J. 2014;8(4):512-515."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"147","article-title":"Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: report of two cases and review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Trinh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trinh VMedina-Flores RTaylor CLYonas HChohan MO.Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: report of two cases and review of literature. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5:147."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis","first-page":"1435","article-title":"Spinal cord hemorrhage","volume":"27","author":"Shaban","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shaban AMoritani TAl Kasab SSheharyar ALimaye KSAdams HP.Spinal cord hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018;27(6):1435-1446."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients","volume":"26","author":"Kreppel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kreppel DAntoniadis GSeeling W.Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2003;26(1):1-49."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"127","article-title":"Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: a report of seven cases","volume":"16","author":"Glick","year":"1997","unstructured":"Glick RBaker CHusain SHays AHibshoosh H.Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: a report of seven cases. Clin Neuropathol. 1997;16(3):127-132."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"363","article-title":"Primary intraparenchymatous spinal cord melanoma","volume":"36","author":"Vaquero","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vaquero Jde Prado FPedrosa M.Primary intraparenchymatous spinal cord melanoma. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(5):363-365."},{"issue":"2-3 Pt 1","key":"bib8","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"133","article-title":"A case of intramedullary primary melanocytic tumor: meningeal melanocytoma or malignant melanoma?","volume":"47","author":"Delhaye","year":"2001","unstructured":"Delhaye MMenei PRousselet MCDiabira SMercier P.A case of intramedullary primary melanocytic tumor: meningeal melanocytoma or malignant melanoma? Article in French. Neurochirurgie. 2001;47(2-3 Pt 1):133-136."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib9","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1864","article-title":"MR findings of a primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: case report and literature review","volume":"22","author":"Farrokh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Farrokh DFransen PFaverly D.MR findings of a primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: case report and literature review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22(10):1864-1866."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib10","series-title":"Brain Tumor Pathol","first-page":"41","article-title":"Two cases of spinal meningeal melanocytoma","volume":"19","author":"Iida","year":"2002","unstructured":"Iida MLlena JFSuarez MATwo cases of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2002;19(1):41-45."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"Acta Neurol Belg","first-page":"132","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma associated with syringobulbia","volume":"104","author":"Van Paesschen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van Paesschen RVan Calenbergh FDemaerel PSciot R.Intramedullary melanocytoma associated with syringobulbia. Acta Neurol Belg. 2004;104:132-133."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"287","article-title":"Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"100","author":"Turhan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Turhan TOner KYurtseven TAkalin TOvul I.Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(3)(Suppl Spine):287-290."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"181","article-title":"Primary hemorrhagic intramedullary melanoma. Case report with emphasis on the difficult preoperative diagnosis","volume":"51","author":"Denaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Denaro LPallini RDi Muro LPrimary hemorrhagic intramedullary melanoma. Case report with emphasis on the difficult preoperative diagnosis. J Neurosurg Sci. 2007;51(4):181-183."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib14","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"589","article-title":"Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up","volume":"9","author":"Chacko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chacko GRajshekhar V.Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(6):589-592."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"48","article-title":"Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas","volume":"9","author":"Horn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Horn EMNakaji PCoons SWDickman CA.Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(1):48-54."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib16","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E777","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma of the spinal cord: case report","volume":"64","author":"Karikari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karikari IOPowers CJBagley CACummings TJRadhakrishnan SFriedman AH.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma of the spinal cord: case report. Neurosurgery. 2009;64(4):E777-E778."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib17","series-title":"Tumori","first-page":"389","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature","volume":"95","author":"Caruso","year":"2009","unstructured":"Caruso RMarrocco LWierzbicki VSalvati M.Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature. Tumori. 2009;95(3):389-393."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib18","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E867","article-title":"Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report","volume":"67","author":"Perrini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perrini PCaniglia MPieroni MCastagna MParenti GF.Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report. Neurosurgery. 2010;67(3):E867-E869."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib19","series-title":"Rare Tumors","first-page":"e24","article-title":"Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma","volume":"2","author":"Eskandari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eskandari RSchmidt MH.Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma. Rare Tumors. 2010;2(2):e24."},{"issue":"17","key":"bib20","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"e499","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report, molecular footprint, and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Fuld","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fuld ADSpeck MEHarris BTPrimary melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report, molecular footprint, and review of the literature. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(17):e499-e502."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib21","series-title":"J Clin Case Rep","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Kahilogullari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kahilogullari G.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report. J Clin Case Rep. 2012;2(6):6."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib22","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature","volume":"19","author":"Muthappan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muthappan MMuthu THussain ZLamont DBalakrishnan V.Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. J Clin Neurosci. 2012;19(10):1450-1453."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib23","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"730","article-title":"Intramedullary and retroperitoneal melanocytic tumor associated with congenital blue nevus and nevus flammeus: an uncommon combination of neurocutaneous melanosis and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis\u2014case report","volume":"53","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kurokawa RKim PKawamoto TIntramedullary and retroperitoneal melanocytic tumor associated with congenital blue nevus and nevus flammeus: an uncommon combination of neurocutaneous melanosis and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis\u2014case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2013;53(10):730-734."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib24","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the cervical spinal cord: case report and literature review","volume":"10","author":"Wagner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wagner FBerezowska SWiest RPrimary intramedullary melanocytoma in the cervical spinal cord: case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep. 2015;10(1):1010."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib25","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"53","article-title":"The GNAQ in the haystack: intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma of intermediate grade at T9-10 in a 58-year-old woman","volume":"125","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoffmann MKoelsche CSeiz-Rosenhagen MThe GNAQ in the haystack: intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma of intermediate grade at T9-10 in a 58-year-old woman. J Neurosurg. 2016;125(1):53-56."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib26","series-title":"Indian J Neurosurg","first-page":"55","article-title":"Intradural intramedullary primary spinal melanocytoma: a rare case report","volume":"6","author":"Ganesan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ganesan S, Acharya SKalra KLChahal R.Intradural intramedullary primary spinal melanocytoma: a rare case report. Indian J Neurosurg. 2017;6(1):55-58."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib27","series-title":"Can J Neurol Sci","first-page":"348","article-title":"Primary spinal cord melanoma\u2014an uncommon entity","volume":"46","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chatterjee RNascimento FAHeck KARopper AESabichi AL.Primary spinal cord melanoma\u2014an uncommon entity. Can J Neurol Sci. 2019;46(3):348-350."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib28","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"424","article-title":"A rare case of primary spinal cord melanoma","volume":"13","author":"Wuerdeman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wuerdeman MDouglass SAbda RBKrasnokutsky M.A rare case of primary spinal cord melanoma. Radiol Case Rep. 2018;13(2):424-426."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib29","series-title":"J Int Med Res","first-page":"300060520966152","article-title":"Primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: can imaging lead to the correct diagnosis?","volume":"48","author":"Corr\u00eaa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Corr\u00eaa DGDos Santos RQHygino da Cruz LC.Primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: can imaging lead to the correct diagnosis? J Int Med Res. 2020;48(10):300060520966152."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib30","series-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl","first-page":"100143","article-title":"Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: case studies and rehabilitation perspectives","volume":"3","author":"Covington","year":"2021","unstructured":"Covington SSeverson MShaeffer PMcGaffey DGarlanger K.Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: case studies and rehabilitation perspectives. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2021;3(3):100143."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib31","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"942","article-title":"Orthostatic tremor secondary to primary malignant melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report","volume":"29","author":"Lv","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lv HSong CLi WLiu Y.Orthostatic tremor secondary to primary malignant melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29(3):942-946."},{"issue":"20","key":"bib32","series-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons","first-page":"CASE21542","article-title":"Primary spinal melanoma: illustrative case","volume":"2","author":"House","year":"2021","unstructured":"House HArcher JBradbury J.Primary spinal melanoma: illustrative case. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021;2(20):CASE21542."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib33","series-title":"Transl Cancer Res","first-page":"928","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the thoracic cord: a case report and literature review","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang CShao XZou Y.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the thoracic cord: a case report and literature review. Transl Cancer Res. 2022;11(4):928-934."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib34","series-title":"Cancers (Basel)","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Unsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade melanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case","volume":"16","author":"Battistelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Battistelli MGrilli FRapisarda AUnsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade melanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(10):1867."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib35","series-title":"Asian J Neurosurg","first-page":"478","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma of the cervicothoracic cord: case report and review of literature","volume":"13","author":"Dubey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dubey AKataria RSardana VR.Intramedullary melanocytoma of the cervicothoracic cord: case report and review of literature. Asian J Neurosurg. 2018;13(2):478-481."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib36","series-title":"Nerve","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma in cervical spine: a case report and literature review","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim KChoi JCha YJKim KHCho YE.Primary intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma in cervical spine: a case report and literature review. Nerve. 2021;7(1):1-6."},{"issue":"28","key":"bib37","series-title":"World J Clin Cases","first-page":"8616","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu ZQLiu CFu JXHe YQWang YHuang TX.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases. 2021;9(28):8616-8626."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib38","series-title":"Asian J Neurosurg","first-page":"36","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma of thoracic spine: a rare case report","volume":"9","author":"Dorwal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dorwal PMohapatra IGautam DGupta A.Intramedullary melanocytoma of thoracic spine: a rare case report. Asian J Neurosurg. 2014;9(1):36-39."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib39","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e41019","article-title":"Primary spinal intradural melanocytoma of the thoracic region: a rare case","volume":"15","author":"Abbas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abbas TBatool SMuzaffar BPrimary spinal intradural melanocytoma of the thoracic region: a rare case. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e41019."},{"key":"bib40","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"1417268","article-title":"Primary cervicothoracic melanoma of spinal cord: a case report and literature review","volume":"14","author":"Dang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dang YDu AWei WXue J.Primary cervicothoracic melanoma of spinal cord: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1417268."},{"issue":"7","key":"bib1","series-title":"Cureus","article-title":"Primary intramedullary spinal melanoma: a rare disease of the spinal cord","volume":"13","author":"Tuz Zahra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tuz Zahra FAjmal ZQian JWrzesinski S.Primary intramedullary spinal melanoma: a rare disease of the spinal cord. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16194."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"512","article-title":"An uncommon intramedullary tumor: primary spinal cord melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Cetinalp","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cetinalp NEYildirim AEDivanlioglu DBelen D.An uncommon intramedullary tumor: primary spinal cord melanoma. Asian Spine J. 2014;8(4):512-515."},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"147","article-title":"Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: report of two cases and review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Trinh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trinh VMedina-Flores RTaylor CLYonas HChohan MO.Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: report of two cases and review of literature. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5:147."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis","first-page":"1435","article-title":"Spinal cord hemorrhage","volume":"27","author":"Shaban","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shaban AMoritani TAl Kasab SSheharyar ALimaye KSAdams HP.Spinal cord hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018;27(6):1435-1446."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib5","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients","volume":"26","author":"Kreppel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kreppel DAntoniadis GSeeling W.Spinal hematoma: a literature survey with meta-analysis of 613 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2003;26(1):1-49."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Clin Neuropathol","first-page":"127","article-title":"Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: a report of seven cases","volume":"16","author":"Glick","year":"1997","unstructured":"Glick RBaker CHusain SHays AHibshoosh H.Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: a report of seven cases. Clin Neuropathol. 1997;16(3):127-132."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib7","series-title":"Spinal Cord","first-page":"363","article-title":"Primary intraparenchymatous spinal cord melanoma","volume":"36","author":"Vaquero","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vaquero Jde Prado FPedrosa M.Primary intraparenchymatous spinal cord melanoma. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(5):363-365."},{"issue":"2-3 Pt 1","key":"bib8","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"133","article-title":"A case of intramedullary primary melanocytic tumor: meningeal melanocytoma or malignant melanoma?","volume":"47","author":"Delhaye","year":"2001","unstructured":"Delhaye MMenei PRousselet MCDiabira SMercier P.A case of intramedullary primary melanocytic tumor: meningeal melanocytoma or malignant melanoma? Article in French. Neurochirurgie. 2001;47(2-3 Pt 1):133-136."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib9","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1864","article-title":"MR findings of a primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: case report and literature review","volume":"22","author":"Farrokh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Farrokh DFransen PFaverly D.MR findings of a primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: case report and literature review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22(10):1864-1866."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib10","series-title":"Brain Tumor Pathol","first-page":"41","article-title":"Two cases of spinal meningeal melanocytoma","volume":"19","author":"Iida","year":"2002","unstructured":"Iida MLlena JFSuarez MATwo cases of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2002;19(1):41-45."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"Acta Neurol Belg","first-page":"132","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma associated with syringobulbia","volume":"104","author":"Van Paesschen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van Paesschen RVan Calenbergh FDemaerel PSciot R.Intramedullary melanocytoma associated with syringobulbia. Acta Neurol Belg. 2004;104:132-133."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"287","article-title":"Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"100","author":"Turhan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Turhan TOner KYurtseven TAkalin TOvul I.Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(3)(Suppl Spine):287-290."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib13","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"181","article-title":"Primary hemorrhagic intramedullary melanoma. Case report with emphasis on the difficult preoperative diagnosis","volume":"51","author":"Denaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Denaro LPallini RDi Muro LPrimary hemorrhagic intramedullary melanoma. Case report with emphasis on the difficult preoperative diagnosis. J Neurosurg Sci. 2007;51(4):181-183."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib14","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"589","article-title":"Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up","volume":"9","author":"Chacko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chacko GRajshekhar V.Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(6):589-592."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"48","article-title":"Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas","volume":"9","author":"Horn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Horn EMNakaji PCoons SWDickman CA.Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(1):48-54."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib16","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E777","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma of the spinal cord: case report","volume":"64","author":"Karikari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karikari IOPowers CJBagley CACummings TJRadhakrishnan SFriedman AH.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma of the spinal cord: case report. Neurosurgery. 2009;64(4):E777-E778."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib17","series-title":"Tumori","first-page":"389","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature","volume":"95","author":"Caruso","year":"2009","unstructured":"Caruso RMarrocco LWierzbicki VSalvati M.Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature. Tumori. 2009;95(3):389-393."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib18","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E867","article-title":"Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report","volume":"67","author":"Perrini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perrini PCaniglia MPieroni MCastagna MParenti GF.Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report. Neurosurgery. 2010;67(3):E867-E869."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib19","series-title":"Rare Tumors","first-page":"e24","article-title":"Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma","volume":"2","author":"Eskandari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eskandari RSchmidt MH.Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma. Rare Tumors. 2010;2(2):e24."},{"issue":"17","key":"bib20","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"e499","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report, molecular footprint, and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Fuld","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fuld ADSpeck MEHarris BTPrimary melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report, molecular footprint, and review of the literature. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(17):e499-e502."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib21","series-title":"J Clin Case Rep","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Kahilogullari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kahilogullari G.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report. J Clin Case Rep. 2012;2(6):6."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib22","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature","volume":"19","author":"Muthappan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muthappan MMuthu THussain ZLamont DBalakrishnan V.Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. J Clin Neurosci. 2012;19(10):1450-1453."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib23","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"730","article-title":"Intramedullary and retroperitoneal melanocytic tumor associated with congenital blue nevus and nevus flammeus: an uncommon combination of neurocutaneous melanosis and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis\u2014case report","volume":"53","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kurokawa RKim PKawamoto TIntramedullary and retroperitoneal melanocytic tumor associated with congenital blue nevus and nevus flammeus: an uncommon combination of neurocutaneous melanosis and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis\u2014case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2013;53(10):730-734."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib24","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the cervical spinal cord: case report and literature review","volume":"10","author":"Wagner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wagner FBerezowska SWiest RPrimary intramedullary melanocytoma in the cervical spinal cord: case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep. 2015;10(1):1010."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib25","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"53","article-title":"The GNAQ in the haystack: intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma of intermediate grade at T9-10 in a 58-year-old woman","volume":"125","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoffmann MKoelsche CSeiz-Rosenhagen MThe GNAQ in the haystack: intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma of intermediate grade at T9-10 in a 58-year-old woman. J Neurosurg. 2016;125(1):53-56."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib26","series-title":"Indian J Neurosurg","first-page":"55","article-title":"Intradural intramedullary primary spinal melanocytoma: a rare case report","volume":"6","author":"Ganesan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ganesan S, Acharya SKalra KLChahal R.Intradural intramedullary primary spinal melanocytoma: a rare case report. Indian J Neurosurg. 2017;6(1):55-58."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib27","series-title":"Can J Neurol Sci","first-page":"348","article-title":"Primary spinal cord melanoma\u2014an uncommon entity","volume":"46","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chatterjee RNascimento FAHeck KARopper AESabichi AL.Primary spinal cord melanoma\u2014an uncommon entity. Can J Neurol Sci. 2019;46(3):348-350."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib28","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"424","article-title":"A rare case of primary spinal cord melanoma","volume":"13","author":"Wuerdeman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wuerdeman MDouglass SAbda RBKrasnokutsky M.A rare case of primary spinal cord melanoma. Radiol Case Rep. 2018;13(2):424-426."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib29","series-title":"J Int Med Res","first-page":"300060520966152","article-title":"Primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: can imaging lead to the correct diagnosis?","volume":"48","author":"Corr\u00eaa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Corr\u00eaa DGDos Santos RQHygino da Cruz LC.Primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: can imaging lead to the correct diagnosis? J Int Med Res. 2020;48(10):300060520966152."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib30","series-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl","first-page":"100143","article-title":"Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: case studies and rehabilitation perspectives","volume":"3","author":"Covington","year":"2021","unstructured":"Covington SSeverson MShaeffer PMcGaffey DGarlanger K.Primary melanocytomas of the spinal cord: case studies and rehabilitation perspectives. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2021;3(3):100143."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib31","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"942","article-title":"Orthostatic tremor secondary to primary malignant melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report","volume":"29","author":"Lv","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lv HSong CLi WLiu Y.Orthostatic tremor secondary to primary malignant melanoma of the spinal cord: a case report. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29(3):942-946."},{"issue":"20","key":"bib32","series-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons","first-page":"CASE21542","article-title":"Primary spinal melanoma: illustrative case","volume":"2","author":"House","year":"2021","unstructured":"House HArcher JBradbury J.Primary spinal melanoma: illustrative case. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021;2(20):CASE21542."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib33","series-title":"Transl Cancer Res","first-page":"928","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the thoracic cord: a case report and literature review","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang CShao XZou Y.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma in the thoracic cord: a case report and literature review. Transl Cancer Res. 2022;11(4):928-934."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib34","series-title":"Cancers (Basel)","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Unsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade melanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case","volume":"16","author":"Battistelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Battistelli MGrilli FRapisarda AUnsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade melanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(10):1867."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib35","series-title":"Asian J Neurosurg","first-page":"478","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma of the cervicothoracic cord: case report and review of literature","volume":"13","author":"Dubey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dubey AKataria RSardana VR.Intramedullary melanocytoma of the cervicothoracic cord: case report and review of literature. Asian J Neurosurg. 2018;13(2):478-481."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib36","series-title":"Nerve","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma in cervical spine: a case report and literature review","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim KChoi JCha YJKim KHCho YE.Primary intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma in cervical spine: a case report and literature review. Nerve. 2021;7(1):1-6."},{"issue":"28","key":"bib37","series-title":"World J Clin Cases","first-page":"8616","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu ZQLiu CFu JXHe YQWang YHuang TX.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases. 2021;9(28):8616-8626."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib38","series-title":"Asian J Neurosurg","first-page":"36","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma of thoracic spine: a rare case report","volume":"9","author":"Dorwal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dorwal PMohapatra IGautam DGupta A.Intramedullary melanocytoma of thoracic spine: a rare case report. Asian J Neurosurg. 2014;9(1):36-39."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib39","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e41019","article-title":"Primary spinal intradural melanocytoma of the thoracic region: a rare case","volume":"15","author":"Abbas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abbas TBatool SMuzaffar BPrimary spinal intradural melanocytoma of the thoracic region: a rare case. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e41019."},{"key":"bib40","series-title":"Front Oncol","first-page":"1417268","article-title":"Primary cervicothoracic melanoma of spinal cord: a case report and literature review","volume":"14","author":"Dang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dang YDu AWei WXue J.Primary cervicothoracic melanoma of spinal cord: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1417268."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/10\/8\/article-CASE25279.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/10\/8\/article-CASE25279.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/10\/8\/article-CASE25279.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T11:09:57Z","timestamp":1769684997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/10\/8\/article-CASE25279.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case25279","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]}}}