{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T01:55:27Z","timestamp":1789437327749,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurosurg Case Lessons"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder that predominantly affects younger individuals. Its development is influenced by multiple factors, including hypercoagulability, hemodynamic abnormalities, and venous vessel wall injury. Thyrotoxicosis is an uncommon but increasingly recognized predisposing factor for CVT.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n The authors present the case of a young female with thyrotoxicosis-induced CVT who achieved successful recovery following endovascular intervention and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n This report emphasizes the clinical importance of recognizing thyrotoxicosis as a risk factor for CVT, underscores the therapeutic potential of TPE in thyroid storm complicated by thrombosis, and provides clinical reference for endovascular intervention in the treatment of CVT.<\/jats:p>\n \n https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25820<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T13:30:13Z","timestamp":1770298213000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endovascular intervention and therapeutic plasma exchange in the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis associated with thyrotoxicosis: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1758-897X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2828-1118","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qinghua","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"},{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenjian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bib1","series-title":"Lancet Neurol","first-page":"162","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update","volume":"6","author":"Bousser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bousser MGFerro JM.Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6(2):162-170."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"664","article-title":"Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on cerebral vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT)","volume":"35","author":"Ferro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ferro JMCanh\u00e3o PStam JBousser MGBarinagarrementeria FISCVT Investigators.Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on cerebral vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT). Stroke. 2004;35(3):664-670."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib3","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"e77","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"55","author":"Saposnik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saposnik GBushnell CCoutinho JMDiagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2024;55(3):e77-e90."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis","first-page":"105145","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review","volume":"29","author":"Alet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alet MCiardi CAlem\u00e1n ACerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020;29(10):105145."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Eur J Intern Med","first-page":"65","article-title":"Increased risk of venous thromboembolism among patients with hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"67","author":"Srisawat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Srisawat SSitasuwan TUngprasert P.Increased risk of venous thromboembolism among patients with hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. 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Stroke. 2011;42(4):1158-1192."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib19","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"1203","article-title":"European Stroke Organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis\u2014endorsed by the European Academy of Neurology","volume":"24","author":"Ferro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferro JMBousser MGCanh\u00e3o PEuropean Stroke Organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis\u2014endorsed by the European Academy of Neurology. 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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2020;32(4):307-314."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib25","series-title":"Crit Care Med","first-page":"554","article-title":"Hypertonic saline versus mannitol for the treatment of elevated intracranial pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"39","author":"Kamel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kamel HNavi BBNakagawa KHemphill JCKo NU.Hypertonic saline versus mannitol for the treatment of elevated intracranial pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(3):554-559."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib26","series-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol","first-page":"407","article-title":"Osmotherapy in brain edema: a questionable therapy","volume":"24","author":"Gr\u00e4nde","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gr\u00e4nde PORomner B.Osmotherapy in brain edema: a questionable therapy. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2012;24(4):407-412."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib1","series-title":"Lancet Neurol","first-page":"162","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update","volume":"6","author":"Bousser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bousser MGFerro JM.Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6(2):162-170."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib2","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"664","article-title":"Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on cerebral vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT)","volume":"35","author":"Ferro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ferro JMCanh\u00e3o PStam JBousser MGBarinagarrementeria FISCVT Investigators.Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on cerebral vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT). Stroke. 2004;35(3):664-670."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib3","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"e77","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"55","author":"Saposnik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saposnik GBushnell CCoutinho JMDiagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2024;55(3):e77-e90."},{"issue":"10","key":"bib4","series-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis","first-page":"105145","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review","volume":"29","author":"Alet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alet MCiardi CAlem\u00e1n ACerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020;29(10):105145."},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Eur J Intern Med","first-page":"65","article-title":"Increased risk of venous thromboembolism among patients with hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"67","author":"Srisawat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Srisawat SSitasuwan TUngprasert P.Increased risk of venous thromboembolism among patients with hyperthyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Intern Med. 2019;67:65-69."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib6","series-title":"J Clin Med","first-page":"1756","article-title":"The influence of hyperthyroidism on the coagulation and on the risk of thrombosis","volume":"13","author":"Antonijevic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Antonijevic NMatic DBeleslin BThe influence of hyperthyroidism on the coagulation and on the risk of thrombosis. 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