{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:58:25Z","timestamp":1785286705085,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurosurg Case Lessons"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Primary intradural intramedullary melanocytomas of the spinal cord are exceedingly rare neoplasms. Their optimal treatment remains ill-defined because their imaging characteristics, molecular profile, and prognosis are poorly characterized.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n \n The authors first present the case of a 71-year-old male with low back pain, lower extremity weakness, sensory loss, and urinary incontinence who was found to have an enhancing conus mass requiring T11\u2013L1 laminectomy and subtotal tumor resection. The tumor was positive for\n BAP1<\/jats:italic>\n inactivation and\n GNAQ<\/jats:italic>\n mutations. The patient demonstrated partial neurological improvement, with residual motor deficits, and was subsequently counseled regarding radiation therapy. Then the authors present the case of a 65-year-old male with back pain, gait instability, and chronic progressive numbness of the torso and lower extremities who was found to have an intradural intramedullary mass for which T4\u20139 laminectomy and T5\u20138 laminoplasty with gross-total resection were performed. After recurrence, a revision T4\u20139 laminectomy was performed with incomplete tumor resection, and the patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n \n These cases demonstrate that molecular characterization, such as\n BAP1<\/jats:italic>\n inactivation or\n GNAQ<\/jats:italic>\n mutation, offers valuable prognostic insights and may inform the need for adjuvant therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or close surveillance.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE25946<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case25946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:01:21Z","timestamp":1784678481000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Primary intradural intramedullary melanocytoma of the spinal cord: illustrative cases"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9282-1819","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gillian","family":"Witten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0338-8162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keith","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazin","family":"Al Tamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-5106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elena","family":"Daoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah G.","family":"Aoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"bib1","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1286","article-title":"Meningeal melanocytoma (\u201cmelanotic meningioma\u201d). Its melanocytic origin as revealed by electron microscopy","volume":"30","author":"Limas","year":"1972","unstructured":"Limas CTio FO.Meningeal melanocytoma (\u201cmelanotic meningioma\u201d). Its melanocytic origin as revealed by electron microscopy. Cancer. 1972;30(5):1286-1294. doi:10.1002\/1097-0142(197211)30:5<1286::AID-CNCR2820300522>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib2","series-title":"Neuro Oncol","first-page":"1231","article-title":"The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary","volume":"23","author":"Louis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Louis DNPerry AWesseling PThe 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Neuro Oncol. 2021;23(8):1231-1251. doi:10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib3","series-title":"Tumori","first-page":"389","article-title":"Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature","volume":"95","author":"Caruso","year":"2009","unstructured":"Caruso RMarrocco LWierzbicki VSalvati M.Intramedullary melanocytoma: case report and review of literature. Tumori. 2009;95(3):389-393. doi:10.1177\/030089160909500322"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4","series-title":"Rare Tumors","article-title":"Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma","volume":"2","author":"Eskandari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eskandari RSchmidt MH.Intramedullary spinal melanocytoma. Rare Tumors. 2010;2(2):e24. doi:10.4081\/rt.2010.e24"},{"issue":"28","key":"bib5","series-title":"World J Clin Cases","first-page":"8616","article-title":"Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu ZQLiu CFu JXHe YQWang YHuang TX.Primary intramedullary melanocytoma presenting with lower limbs, defecation, and erectile dysfunction: a case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases. 2021;9(28):8616-8626. doi:10.12998\/wjcc.v9.i28.8616"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib6","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E867","article-title":"Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report","volume":"67","author":"Perrini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perrini PCaniglia MPieroni MCastagna MParenti GF.Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report. Neurosurgery. 2010;67(3):E867-E869. doi:10.1227\/01.NEU.0000372919.96651.34"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib7","series-title":"Cancers (Basel)","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Unsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade \u00admelanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case","volume":"16","author":"Battistelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Battistelli MGrilli FRapisarda AUnsatisfactory neurological outcome in an intramedullary thoracic intermediate-grade \u00admelanocytoma-systematic review and illustrative case. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(10):1867. doi:10.3390\/cancers16101867"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"589","article-title":"Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up","volume":"9","author":"Chacko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chacko GRajshekhar V.Thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma with long-term follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2008;9(6):589-592. doi:10.3171\/SPI.2008.9.08323"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib9","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature","volume":"19","author":"Muthappan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muthappan MMuthu THussain ZLamont DBalakrishnan V.Cervical intramedullary melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. J Clin Neurosci. 2012;19(10):1450-1453. doi:10.1016\/j.jocn.2011.09.040"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib10","series-title":"Cancers (Basel)","first-page":"2508","article-title":"Primary meningeal melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: a review from the ultra-rare brain tumors task force of the European network for rare cancers (EURACAN)","volume":"16","author":"Pellerino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pellerino AVerdijk RMNichelli LAndratschke NHIdbaih AGoldbrunner R.Primary meningeal melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: a review from the ultra-rare brain tumors task force of the European network for rare cancers (EURACAN). Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(14):2508. doi:10.3390\/cancers16142508"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib11","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"1197","article-title":"Melanocytic tumor with GNA11 p.Q209L mutation mimicking a foramen magnum meningioma","volume":"114","author":"Strom","year":"2012","unstructured":"Strom RGShvartsbeyn MRosenblum MKMelanocytic tumor with GNA11 p.Q209L mutation mimicking a foramen magnum meningioma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2012;114(8):1197-1200. doi:10.1016\/j.clineuro.2012.02.030"},{"issue":"7229","key":"bib12","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"599","article-title":"Frequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi","volume":"457","author":"Van Raamsdonk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Raamsdonk CDBezrookove VGreen GFrequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi. Nature. 2009;457(7229):599-602. doi:10.1038\/nature07586"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","first-page":"317","article-title":"Activating mutations of the GNAQ gene: a frequent event in primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous system","volume":"119","author":"K\u00fcsters-Vandevelde","year":"2010","unstructured":"K\u00fcsters-Vandevelde HVKlaasen AK\u00fcsters BActivating mutations of the GNAQ gene: a frequent event in primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol. 2010;119(3):317-323. doi:10.1007\/s00401-009-0611-3"},{"issue":"6009","key":"bib14","series-title":"Science","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Frequent mutation of BAP1 in metastasizing uveal melanomas","volume":"330","author":"Harbour","year":"2010","unstructured":"Harbour JWOnken MDRoberson EDFrequent mutation of BAP1 in metastasizing uveal melanomas. Science. 2010;330(6009):1410-1413. doi:10.1126\/science.1194472"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/4\/article-CASE25946.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/4\/article-CASE25946.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/4\/article-CASE25946.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:58Z","timestamp":1785283258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/4\/article-CASE25946.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case25946","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]}}}