{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T10:27:46Z","timestamp":1770114466789,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cosmet Laser Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The neurological symptoms resulting from anterior cerebral artery (ACA) occlusions can be severe, with A2\/3 occlusions reported as the most functionally impairing among medium-vessel occlusions. Patients with mechanical thrombectomy failure for acute A2\/3 occlusions may occasionally require microsurgical interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 84-year-old male presented to the authors\u2019 hospital with left lower limb paralysis. Brain CT angiography revealed a right A3 occlusion due to a calcified lesion. Alteplase was injected intravenously, and mechanical thrombectomy was performed. Navigating the aspiration catheter was difficult and the microwire was unable to pass through the lesion. Nevertheless, the authors later observed improvement in the flow of the ACA, and the paresis improved despite severe atherosclerotic stenosis. Two hours after the thrombectomy, the monoplegia deteriorated again. Therefore, the authors decided to perform microsurgical intervention. Complete ACA recanalization was achieved by performing endarterectomy for the lesion. Postoperatively, the patient was capable of walking independently.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microsurgical treatment is feasible for a challenging ACA occlusion with a severe calcified lesion in which an endovascular attempt is considered to be too difficult. This is the first case in which a favorable clinical outcome was reached with an emergency endarterectomy performed for A3 severe stenosis.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE2596\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE2596<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case2596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T19:46:13Z","timestamp":1749498373000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emergency anterior cerebral artery endarterectomy after mechanical thrombectomy failure: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kohei","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michihisa","family":"Narikiyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8472-2163","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Made","family":"Bhuwana Putra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2391-726X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So","family":"Ohashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Nagasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Saiwai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Shimbashi Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"e3","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"e452","article-title":"Endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke with distal medium vessel occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Loh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loh EWToh KZXKwok GYREndovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke with distal medium vessel occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurointerv Surg. 2023;15(e3):e452-e459."},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"Front Neurol","first-page":"1225066","article-title":"The incidence of medium vessel occlusions: a population-based study","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu MNasr DBrinjikji W.The incidence of medium vessel occlusions: a population-based study. Front Neurol. 2023;14:1225066."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Neurol","first-page":"2999","article-title":"A clinical study of 288 patients with anterior cerebral artery infarction","volume":"269","author":"Cho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cho HKim TKim YDA clinical study of 288 patients with anterior cerebral artery infarction. 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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(3):464-468."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"783","article-title":"Surgical embolectomy for large vessel occlusion of anterior circulation","volume":"27","author":"Inoue","year":"2013","unstructured":"Inoue TTamura ATsutsumi KSaito ISaito N.Surgical embolectomy for large vessel occlusion of anterior circulation. Br J Neurosurg. 2013;27(6):783-790."},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"65","article-title":"Open embolectomy of large vessel occlusion in the endovascular era: results of a 12-year single-center experience","volume":"102","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Horiuchi TNitta JMiyaoka YOpen embolectomy of large vessel occlusion in the endovascular era: results of a 12-year single-center experience. 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Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2021;61(12):731-740."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib14","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"309","article-title":"Superficial temporal artery: distal posterior cerebral artery bypass through the subtemporal approach: technical note and pilot surgical cases","volume":"13","author":"Kawashima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kawashima AAndrade-Barazarte HJahromi BRSuperficial temporal artery: distal posterior cerebral artery bypass through the subtemporal approach: technical note and pilot surgical cases. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2017;13(3):309-316."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"50","article-title":"Subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy for treating medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"33","author":"Hori","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hori TTabuchi SKurosaki MKondo STakenobu AWatanabe T.Subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy for treating medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. 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J Neurosurg. 2003;99(3):517-525."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib20","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"346","article-title":"Middle cerebral artery endarterectomy: experience with two cases","volume":"44","author":"Kraus","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kraus GEHerman JMLee KSSpetzler RFFrey JL.Middle cerebral artery endarterectomy: experience with two cases. Surg Neurol. 1995;44(4):346-354."},{"issue":"e3","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"e452","article-title":"Endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke with distal medium vessel occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Loh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loh EWToh KZXKwok GYREndovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke with distal medium vessel occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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J Neurol. 2022;269(6):2999-3005."},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4","series-title":"Radiology","first-page":"e220229","article-title":"Thrombectomy versus medical management for isolated anterior cerebral artery stroke: an international multicenter registry study","volume":"307","author":"Meyer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Meyer LStracke PBroocks GThrombectomy versus medical management for isolated anterior cerebral artery stroke: an international multicenter registry study. Radiology. 2023;307(2):e220229."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib5","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"1460","article-title":"Thrombectomy outcomes of intracranial atherosclerosis-related occlusions","volume":"50","author":"Tsang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsang ACOOrru EKlostranec JMThrombectomy outcomes of intracranial atherosclerosis-related occlusions. Stroke. 2019;50(6):1460-1466."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"214","article-title":"Severity of intracranial carotid artery calcification in intracranial atherosclerosis-related occlusion treated with endovascular thrombectomy","volume":"174","author":"Tsang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsang ACOLau KKTsang FCPTse MMYLee RLui WM.Severity of intracranial carotid artery calcification in intracranial atherosclerosis-related occlusion treated with endovascular thrombectomy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;174:214-216."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"464","article-title":"Endovascular thrombectomy of calcified emboli in acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study","volume":"41","author":"Maurer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maurer CJDobrocky TJoachimski el FEndovascular thrombectomy of calcified emboli in acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020;41(3):464-468."},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"783","article-title":"Surgical embolectomy for large vessel occlusion of anterior circulation","volume":"27","author":"Inoue","year":"2013","unstructured":"Inoue TTamura ATsutsumi KSaito ISaito N.Surgical embolectomy for large vessel occlusion of anterior circulation. Br J Neurosurg. 2013;27(6):783-790."},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"65","article-title":"Open embolectomy of large vessel occlusion in the endovascular era: results of a 12-year single-center experience","volume":"102","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Horiuchi TNitta JMiyaoka YOpen embolectomy of large vessel occlusion in the endovascular era: results of a 12-year single-center experience. World Neurosurg. 2017;102:65-71."},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e278","article-title":"Open microvascular thrombectomy for acute intracranial large vessel occlusion: microsurgery in the endovascular thrombectomy era","volume":"145","author":"Thongphetsavong Gautam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thongphetsavong Gautam ATSeh HJain AOpen microvascular thrombectomy for acute intracranial large vessel occlusion: microsurgery in the endovascular thrombectomy era. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:e278-e290."},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"243","article-title":"Direct microsurgical embolectomy for acute occlusion of the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery","volume":"88","author":"Hino","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hino AOka HHashimoto YDirect microsurgical embolectomy for acute occlusion of the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery. World Neurosurg. 2016;88:243-251."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib12","series-title":"J Neurointerv Surg","first-page":"439","article-title":"Emergent microsurgical intervention for acute stroke after mechanical thrombectomy failure: a prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Fiedler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fiedler JRoubec MGrubhoffer MEmergent microsurgical intervention for acute stroke after mechanical thrombectomy failure: a prospective study. J Neurointerv Surg. 2023;15(5):439-445."},{"issue":"12","key":"bib13","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","first-page":"731","article-title":"Dissection of the Sylvian fissure in the trans-sylvian approach based on the morphological classification of the superficial middle cerebral vein","volume":"61","author":"Imada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Imada YMihara CKawamoto H,Kurisu K.Dissection of the Sylvian fissure in the trans-sylvian approach based on the morphological classification of the superficial middle cerebral vein. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2021;61(12):731-740."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib14","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","first-page":"309","article-title":"Superficial temporal artery: distal posterior cerebral artery bypass through the subtemporal approach: technical note and pilot surgical cases","volume":"13","author":"Kawashima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kawashima AAndrade-Barazarte HJahromi BRSuperficial temporal artery: distal posterior cerebral artery bypass through the subtemporal approach: technical note and pilot surgical cases. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2017;13(3):309-316."},{"issue":"1","key":"bib15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"50","article-title":"Subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy for treating medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"33","author":"Hori","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hori TTabuchi SKurosaki MKondo STakenobu AWatanabe T.Subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy for treating medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosurgery. 1993;33(1):50-56."},{"issue":"25","key":"bib16","series-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons","article-title":"Selection of approach and bypass for fetal-type posterior cerebral artery aneurysm: illustrative cases","volume":"1","author":"Kikuta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kikuta YYamaguchi KIshikawa TFunatsu TOkada YKawamata T.Selection of approach and bypass for fetal-type posterior cerebral artery aneurysm: illustrative cases. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2021;1(25):CASE21240."},{"issue":"5","key":"bib17","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"715","article-title":"Venous infarction following the interhemispheric approach in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"74","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Tsutsumi KShiokawa YSakai TAoki NKubota MSaito I.Venous infarction following the interhemispheric approach in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. 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