{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:07:05Z","timestamp":1779361625894,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurosurg Case Lessons"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lateral recess sphenoid sinus encephaloceles (LRSSEs) are considered a rare condition. Conventional surgical treatments include open approaches and endonasal endoscopy. These approaches are associated with approach-specific comorbidities. Alternatively, transorbital neuroendoscopy surgery (TONES) has been shown to provide a direct, minimally invasive approach to the middle fossa. Only a limited number of publications have reported using TONES as the primary surgical method for LRSSEs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 57-year-old female presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of increased quantity and frequency of left nostril rhinorrhea and was found to have a left LRSSE. CT cisternography and MRI confirmed left temporal brain matter entering through the middle fossa floor into a well-pneumatized sphenoid sinus. The patient\u2019s LRSSE was successfully repaired using a lateral TONES approach. In addition, a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines identified 9 patients from 7 studies spanning the years 2016 to 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case illustrates that TONES provides a direct, minimally invasive corridor for the surgical treatment of LRSSEs, with minimal comorbidities. An ideally positioned LRSSEs might suggest that TONES is the most suitable choice.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26124\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26124<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case26124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T10:39:27Z","timestamp":1779359967000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lateral recess sphenoid sinus encephaloceles treated via transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7591-6916","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor R.","family":"Chavez-Herrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3141-3041","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oscar E.","family":"Camacho-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavio","family":"Hernandez-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Garcia-Iturbide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1840-3190","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cesar A.","family":"Valenzuela-Iribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8741-0808","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafael","family":"Gutierrez-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Mateos-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blas E.","family":"Lopez-Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e828","article-title":"Prevalence and outcome of anterior and middle cranial fossae encephaloceles without cerebrospinal fluid leak or meningitis","volume":"149","author":"Arnaout","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arnaout MMHanz SZHeier LASchwartz TH.Prevalence and outcome of anterior and middle cranial fossae encephaloceles without cerebrospinal fluid leak or meningitis. 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